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Zhou C, Duan P, He H, Song J, Hu M, Liu Y, Liu Y, Guo J, Jin F, Cao Y, Jiang L, Ye Q, Zhu M, Jiang B, Ruan W, Yuan X, Li H, Zou R, Tian Y, Gao L, Shu R, Chen J, Liu R, Zou S, Li X. Expert consensus on pediatric orthodontic therapies of malocclusions in children. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:32. [PMID: 38627388 PMCID: PMC11021504 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Malocclusion, identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of three major oral diseases, profoundly impacts the dental-maxillofacial functions, facial esthetics, and long-term development of ~260 million children in China. Beyond its physical manifestations, malocclusion also significantly influences the psycho-social well-being of these children. Timely intervention in malocclusion can foster an environment conducive to dental-maxillofacial development and substantially decrease the incidence of malocclusion or reduce the severity and complexity of malocclusion in the permanent dentition, by mitigating the negative impact of abnormal environmental influences on the growth. Early orthodontic treatment encompasses accurate identification and treatment of dental and maxillofacial morphological and functional abnormalities during various stages of dental-maxillofacial development, ranging from fetal stages to the early permanent dentition phase. From an economic and societal standpoint, the urgency for effective early orthodontic treatments for malocclusions in childhood cannot be overstated, underlining its profound practical and social importance. This consensus paper discusses the characteristics and the detrimental effects of malocclusion in children, emphasizing critical need for early treatment. It elaborates on corresponding core principles and fundamental approaches in early orthodontics, proposing comprehensive guidance for preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment, serving as a reference for clinicians engaged in early orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peipei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Department of Orthodontics & Center for Dentofacial Development and Sleep Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences & Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University & College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuehua Liu
- Department of Orthodontic & Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital for Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyong Jiang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Beizhan Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhua Ruan
- Department of Stomatology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & National Clinic Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of & School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases & College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University & Department of Orthodontics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulou Tian
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University & Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renkai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaobing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Cannatà D, Galdi M, Martina S, Rongo R, D’Antò V, Valletta R, Bucci R. Preformed Elastodontic Appliances: Awareness and Attitude of Orthodontists and General Dental Practitioners. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:418. [PMID: 38671635 PMCID: PMC11048748 DOI: 10.3390/children11040418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preformed elastodontic appliances (EAs) have been described as safe, cost-effective, and easy-to-use devices for interceptive orthodontic treatment in growing patients. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and the attitude of dentists toward the use of EAs and to compare the behaviors of orthodontists (Os) with those of general dental practitioners (GDPs). METHODS An anonymous survey was distributed among dentists through social media. Twenty-two items were divided as follows: characteristics of respondents; general knowledge about EAs; section for EA-users; and section for EA non-users. Chi-squared tests were used to analyze differences in responses between groups. RESULTS Participants included 226 Os and 168 GDPs. The majority in both groups reported having adequate knowledge about EAs and utilizing them in their practice. GDPs usually use EAs to treat children during the early phase of growth, while Os also use EAs to address orthodontic problems in different stages of dentition, experiencing a chair time reduction compared with traditional appliances. Regarding EA non-users, GDPs seem not to find an application among their patients, whereas Os reported not having enough patient compliance during treatment. CONCLUSIONS Although treatment with EAs is common among all dentists, differences exist between Os and GDPs in the awareness and application, as well as in the reasons provided for not using EAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cannatà
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Marzio Galdi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefano Martina
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Roberto Rongo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, NA, Italy; (R.R.); (V.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Vincenzo D’Antò
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, NA, Italy; (R.R.); (V.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Rosa Valletta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, NA, Italy; (R.R.); (V.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Rosaria Bucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, NA, Italy; (R.R.); (V.D.); (R.V.)
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Petrescu SMS, Pisc RM, Ioana T, Mărășescu FI, Manolea HO, Popescu MR, Dragomir LP, Dragomir LC, Florea Ș, Bărăscu-Petrescu RA, Ionescu M, Rauten AM. Prevalence of Malocclusions among Schoolchildren from Southwestern Romania. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:705. [PMID: 38611618 PMCID: PMC11011840 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Malocclusions have a continuously increasing prevalence from one generation to another as a result of climate change, soil, atmosphere, and water pollution. All of these aspects have unfavorable consequences for the nutritional scheme. Thus, nutrition, together with other etiopathogenic factors, contributes to complex alterations in the somatic development of the entire organism and, implicitly, of the cephalic extremity. The study group included 4147 children from randomly selected schools from Vâlcea County, Romania. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of malocclusions in schoolchildren in Vâlcea County, Romania, according to the three main classes of malocclusions (according to Angle's classification), age groups (from 6 to 10 years old and from 11 to 14 years old), gender (male and female), and place of origin (rural and urban). For Angle class I malocclusions, we recorded the highest prevalence (48.78% of the total number of schoolchildren with malocclusions), followed by Angle class II malocclusions (45.85% of the total number of schoolchildren with malocclusions), and for Angle class III malocclusions we found the lowest prevalence (5.37% of the total number of schoolchildren with malocclusions). According to gender, we found the highest prevalence in the female gender (29.90% of the total number of female subjects), while in the male gender, we recorded a prevalence of 27.70% of the total number of male subjects. Regarding the place of origin, there is a higher prevalence of malocclusions in urban areas (29.16%). The study subgroup included 140 children randomly selected from the total number of subjects in the study group. They were included in a more advanced study. The aim is to find potential associations between the presence of malocclusions and various oral variables. Categorical variables were expressed as numerical values and percentages, and their association was evaluated with either the Chi-square test of association or homogeneity, or the Fisher Exact test. The acquired data were incorporated into a binomial logistic regression model to assess the likelihood of developing malocclusions in relation to the following variables: defective phonation, bruxism, frequency of teeth brushing, onychophagia, oral respiration, infantile deglutition, placing objects between the maxillaries, thumb sucking, and salivary aspects. It is also aimed at comparing the results obtained with similar ones from the specialized literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stelian-Mihai-Sever Petrescu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Radu Mircea Pisc
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Tamara Ioana
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Felicia Ileana Mărășescu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Horia Octavian Manolea
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Mihai Raul Popescu
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.R.P.); (L.P.D.); (L.C.D.); (Ș.F.)
| | - Lucian Paul Dragomir
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.R.P.); (L.P.D.); (L.C.D.); (Ș.F.)
| | - Lucian Constantin Dragomir
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.R.P.); (L.P.D.); (L.C.D.); (Ș.F.)
| | - Ștefan Florea
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.R.P.); (L.P.D.); (L.C.D.); (Ș.F.)
| | - Roxana Adina Bărăscu-Petrescu
- Department of Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Mihaela Ionescu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anne-Marie Rauten
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
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Abdelmagid SME, Abass SK. Knowledge and practice towards early orthodontic problems among general dentists and paediatric dentists. J Orthod 2023; 50:39-44. [PMID: 35694759 DOI: 10.1177/14653125221105905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the knowledge, practice and challenges faced by general dental practitioners (GDPs), paediatric dentists (PDs) and postgraduate paediatric dentistry students (PGPDSs) in diagnosing and managing early orthodontic problems. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS A total of 159 dentists were enrolled in this study (121 GDPs, 21 PDs and 17 PGPDSs). Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire involving two sections. Section A included questions regarding demographic features and orthodontic practice. Section B included photos of 12 orthodontic cases that needed early intervention. Knowledge and practice were assessed using six questions for each case that was then rated using predefined scores of poor (score <50%), average (score 50%-75%) and good (score >75%). RESULTS The knowledge scores regarding the identification of early orthodontic problems were average among the three groups with GDPs having the lowest score (P = 0.0001). The knowledge scores regarding the selection of optimal treatment time were average among the PDs and PGPDSs, and poor among GDPs. GDPs tended to refer most of their cases to an orthodontist except for cases of thumb sucking. PDs and PGPDSs were more confident in treating anterior crossbite, thumb sucking habits and delayed eruption of incisors. All participants scored 'poor' regarding the selection of an appropriate orthodontic appliance. There was no significant correlation between knowledge and practice (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION PDs and PGPDSs showed higher knowledge and practice scores when compared to GDPs. For all three groups included in this study, lack of clinical skills was the main reason for not treating early orthodontic problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M E Abdelmagid
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Shaza K Abass
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Arpalahti A, Saarnio-Syrjäläinen A, Laaksonen S, Arponen H. Early orthodontic treatment in a Finnish public health centre: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Acta Odontol Scand 2022:1-6. [PMID: 36565231 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2022.2161623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this observational cross-sectional one-centre study was to assess whether the previously described national orthodontic treatment practises and international recommendations are implemented in a public health care centre in Finland. We also assessed early treatment practices and appliances used. METHODS The study group comprised 801 children born in 2011 and 2012 residing in the Riihimäki health centre catchment area in Finland, representing 80% of the age cohort. The patient records were examined for data on orthodontic treatment, timing of treatment, appliances used, and occlusal traits. RESULTS The children had been examined by four orthodontist specialists and two orthodontic postgraduate students. Mean age at occlusal examination had been 9 years. Of the children, 212 (26%) were undergoing or had undergone orthodontic treatment. An additional 4.4% were scheduled for treatment. The proportion of children deemed to need treatment was significantly different between the different orthodontists. The most frequently used appliances were quad-helix (30%), eruption guidance appliance (20%), head gear (14%), fixed appliances (10%), protraction facemask (10%), and passive mandibular lingual arch (6%). CONCLUSIONS Nearly one-third of children aged less than 12 years in the health centre were currently or had been in orthodontic treatment. Approximately half had received treatment with either quad-helix or eruption guidance appliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Arpalahti
- Riihimäki Region Health Center Federation of Municipalities, Riihimäki, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni Saarnio-Syrjäläinen
- Riihimäki Region Health Center Federation of Municipalities, Riihimäki, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirkku Laaksonen
- Riihimäki Region Health Center Federation of Municipalities, Riihimäki, Finland
| | - Heidi Arponen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,City of Vantaa Oral Healthcare Corporation, Vantaa, Finland
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Huang S, Chen Y, Chen T, Mallineni SK, McGrath C, Hagg U. Clinical effectiveness of the Eruption Guidance Appliances in treating malocclusion in the mixed dentition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:843-855. [PMID: 35191109 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the eruption guidance appliances (EGAs) in treating malocclusion in the early mixed dentition. DESIGN Electronic databases were comprehensively searched for the eligibility literature of the EGA treatment for a period spanning from the earliest available date in each database up to July 2021. Randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, and prospective and retrospective cohort studies were included in the present review. The quality of clinical trials was assessed according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tools (RoB2.0 and ROBINS-I), whereas cohort studies were based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The data were gathered and synthesized with the Stata software (version 12). RESULTS The screen yielded 436 articles, of which 17 papers were potentially eligible, and 7 articles from 3 studies (1 RCT, 1 CCT, and 1 PCS) were qualified for the final review and analysis. The meta-analysis showed both favorable dentoalveolar and skeletal changes in short term. Both overjet and overbite had a significant decrease after treatment (MD = -2.38 mm, 95% CI: -2.82 to -1.94, p < .001, and MD = -2.43 mm, 95% CI: -3.52 to -1.35, p < .001, respectively), and SNB increased significantly by 0.73 degrees (95% CI: 0.17-1.28, p = .01). After the retention period, however, overbite had a significant increase of 0.88mm, which indicated the occurrence of a relapse (95% CI: 0.60-1.16, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS According to the existing evidence, the EGA treatment is effectively correcting overjet and overbite in the early mixed dentition in short term; furthermore, high-quality and long-term studies are warranted to determine its long-term effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Huang
- Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianmu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni
- Department of Preventive Science, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Almajmaah, Saudi Arabia.,Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Colman McGrath
- Discipline of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Urban Hagg
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Marra PM, Fiorillo L, Cervino G, Cardarelli F, Cicciù M, Laino L. Elastodontic treatment with oral bio-activators in young children. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2022; 71:270-276. [PMID: 36321621 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.22.04696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elastodontic therapy can correct bad oral habits and malocclusions in young patients by guiding jaw growth, eliminating functional disorders, and improving tooth position. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of bio-activator therapy on the presence of atypical swallowing with tongue thrust in growing patients. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted. Data regarding the early orthodontic treatment of 40 consecutive patients with atypical swallowing and tongue thrust (23 males and 17 females) were assembled from January 2019 to January 2020. All patients (≥7 and ≤15 years of age) were monitored for 1 year in a private practice in Isernia, Italy. RESULTS The mean age at commencement of orthodontic treatment was 8.5 years (range=7.1-14.9 years), and the mean total duration of therapy was 1 year (range=11 months-1 year). Final lateral radiographs demonstrated a mean of improvement of 8° for upper and lower incisor proclination (I/SN) and 3.5° for incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA) in 36 patients, and 5° of I/SN and 2° of IMPA in the remaining 4 children after 1 year of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Bad oral habits in younger patients must not be ignored. The duration of treatment can differ depending on the severity of the open bite and the patient's cooperation. This study demonstrates the short-term efficacy of these myofunctional appliances in the treatment of atypical swallowing. In order to quickly eliminate factors which endanger healthy development of dento-skeletal structure, it is important to closely monitor patients during their development phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola M Marra
- Complex Operative Unit of Stomatological Surgery in Developmental Age, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy -
| | - Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
- Department of Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aldent, Tirana, Albania
| | - Gabriele Cervino
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Filippo Cardarelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Laino
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
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Elastodontic Devices in Orthodontics: An In-Vitro Study on Mechanical Deformation under Loading. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9070282. [PMID: 35877333 PMCID: PMC9312014 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9070282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the mechanical resistance of elastodontic devices (ED): their maximum compression loads and plastic deformation under loading (percentage). An Instron universal machine (Model 3365, Instron, Industrial Product Group, Grove City, PA, USA) was employed with a 100 N load cell and with Bluehill software for loading analyses. Each device was submitted to a five-cycles test. The following ED were evaluated: A.M.C.O.P. (Micerium, Genova, Italy) in red color, in orange color, and in blue color; HealthyStart (Ortho-Tain, Winnetka, IL, USA), and T4K™ phase 1 (Myofunctional Research Co., Helensvale, Australia). During the five-cycles test, the Ortho-Tain device delivered the greatest compression load (7.56 N), with the lowest percentage of deformation (0.95%). For all devices, a slight plastic deformation of the material was registered, ranging from 0.95% to 1.75%. For the T4K device it was not possible to complete the five-cycles test. For all the analyzed ED, a slight plastic deformation under loading was registered, that in all cases can be considered clinically acceptable. Further studies are needed to test the appliances after clinical usage.
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Perrotti G, Carrafiello A, Rossi O, Karanxha L, Baccaglione G, Del Fabbro M. Clinical Use of Aligners Associated with Nuvola ® OP System for Transverse Maxillary Deficiency: A Retrospective Study on 100 Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095751. [PMID: 35565146 PMCID: PMC9103427 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Aligners represent a common treatment for orthodontic patients thanks to their countless advantages including aesthetics, comfort, and oral hygiene maintenance; at the same time, they are associated with a reduced number of visits and a low incidence of complications. Although aligners have undergone considerable improvements over time, to date they have limitations in resolving the most serious malocclusions related to transverse maxillary deficiency. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate an orthodontic protocol (the Nuvola® OP System) which associates a morpho-functional corrector (to be used for 30 min/day) with the aligner, allowing for the treatment of cases that would be difficult or unpredictable with aligners alone. Methods: Linear measurements were taken on STL files of 100 patients. In 77 patients between 18 and 55 years (mean 28.6 ± 16.2 (standard deviation) years), 3D superimpositions of the maxilla obtained from intraoral scans before and after treatment were performed in order to evaluate the degree of maxillary expansion. The normality of the data distribution was tested. The pre- and post-treatment data were compared using a paired t-test with a 5% significance level. After treatment, a questionnaire was proposed to assess patients’ degree of satisfaction and compliance. Results: A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) for each distance evaluated was found. The maximum expansion was obtained at the first molar level (2.35 ± 1.64 mm). Of the subjects who completed the questionnaire, 96% were satisfied and 90% were able to perform the protocol without difficulty for the required duration. Conclusions: A significant expansion of the maxillary arch as well as a high degree of patient satisfaction and compliance were observed with the Nuvola® OP System. Further studies are needed in order to clinically evaluate the relative contribution of the aligners and morpho-functional device to the obtained expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ornella Rossi
- Lake Como Institute, 22100 Como, Italy; (G.P.); (O.R.)
| | - Lorena Karanxha
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | | | - Massimo Del Fabbro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-50319950; Fax: +39-02-50319960
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10
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Turner S, Harrison JE, Sharif FN, Owens D, Millett DT. Orthodontic treatment for crowded teeth in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 12:CD003453. [PMID: 34970995 PMCID: PMC8786262 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd003453.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crowded teeth develop when there is not enough space in the jaws into which the teeth can erupt. Crowding can affect baby teeth (deciduous dentititon), adult teeth (permanent dentition), or both, and is a common reason for referral to an orthodontist. Crowded teeth can affect a child's self-esteem and quality of life. Early loss of baby teeth as a result of tooth decay or trauma, can lead to crowded permanent teeth. Crowding tends to increase with age, especially in the lower jaw. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of orthodontic intervention for preventing or correcting crowded teeth in children. To test the null hypothesis that there are no differences in outcomes between different orthodontic interventions for preventing or correcting crowded teeth in children. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched four bibliographic databases up to 11 January 2021 and used additional search methods to identify published, unpublished and ongoing studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated any active interventions to prevent or correct dental crowding in children and adolescents, such as orthodontic braces or extractions, compared to no or delayed treatment, placebo treatment or another active intervention. The studies had to include at least 80% of participants aged 16 years and under. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors, independently and in duplicate, extracted information regarding methods, participants, interventions, outcomes, harms and results. We resolved any disagreements by liaising with a third review author. We used the Cochrane risk of bias tool to assess the risk of bias in the studies. We calculated mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for continuous data and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs for dichotomous data. We undertook meta-analysis when studies of similar comparisons reported comparable outcome measures, using the random-effects model. We used the I2 statistic as a measure of statistical heterogeneity. MAIN RESULTS Our search identified 24 RCTs that included 1512 participants, 1314 of whom were included in analyses. We assessed 23 studies as being at high risk of bias and one as unclear. The studies investigated 17 comparisons. Twenty studies evaluated fixed appliances and auxiliaries (lower lingual arch, lower lip bumper, brackets, archwires, lacebacks, headgear and adjunctive vibrational appliances); two studies evaluated removable appliances and auxiliaries (Schwarz appliance, eruption guidance appliance); and two studies evaluated dental extractions (lower deciduous canines or third molars). The evidence should be interpreted cautiously as it is of very low certainty. Most interventions were evaluated by a single study. Fixed appliances and auxiliaries One study found that use of a lip bumper may reduce crowding in the early permanent dentition (MD -4.39 mm, 95% CI -5.07 to -3.71; 34 participants). One study evaluated lower lingual arch but did not measure amount of crowding. One study concluded that coaxial nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires may cause more tooth movement in the lower arch than single-stranded NiTi archwires (MD 6.77 mm, 95% CI 5.55 to 7.99; 24 participants). Another study, comparing copper NiTi versus NiTi archwires, found NiTi to be more effective for reducing crowding (MD 0.49 mm, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.63, 66 participants). Single studies did not show evidence of one type of archwire being better than another for Titinol versus Nitinol; nickel-titanium versus stainless steel or multistrand stainless steel; and multistranded stainless steel versus stainless steel. Nor did single studies find evidence of a difference in amount of crowding between self-ligating and conventional brackets, active and passive self-ligating brackets, lacebacks added to fixed appliances versus fixed appliances alone, or cervical pull headgear versus minor interceptive procedures. Meta-analysis of two studies showed no evidence that adding vibrational appliances to fixed appliances reduces crowding at 8 to 10 weeks (MD 0.24 mm, 95% CI -0.81 to 1.30; 119 participants). Removable appliances and auxiliaries One study found use of the Schwarz appliance may be effective at treating dental crowding in the lower arch (MD -2.14 mm, 95% CI -2.79 to -1.49; 28 participants). Another study found an eruption guidance appliance may reduce the number of children with crowded teeth after one year of treatment (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.68; 46 participants); however, this may have been due to an increase in lower incisor proclination in the treated group. Whether these gains were maintained in the longer term was not assessed. Dental extractions One study found that extracting children's lower deciduous canines had more effect on crowding after one year than no treatment (MD -4.76 mm, 95 CI -6.24 to -3.28; 83 participants), but this was alongside a reduction in arch length. One study found that extracting wisdom teeth did not seem to reduce crowding any more than leaving them in the mouth (MD -0.30 mm, 95% CI -1.30 to 0.70; 77 participants). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Most interventions were assessed by single, small studies. We found very low-certainty evidence that lip bumper, used in the mixed dentition, may be effective for preventing crowding in the early permanent dentition, and a Schwarz appliance may reduce crowding in the lower arch. We also found very low-certainty evidence that coaxial NiTi may be better at reducing crowding than single-stranded NiTi, and that NiTi may be better than copper NiTi. As the current evidence is of very low certainty, our findings may change with future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Turner
- Orthodontic Department, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jayne E Harrison
- Orthodontic Department, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Darren Owens
- Orthodontic Department, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Declan T Millett
- Oral Health and Development, Cork University Dental School and Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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11
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Ciftci V, Uzel A. Dento-skeletal effects of myofunctional appliance on patients with class II div 1 in mixed dentition stage: A cephalometric study. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Unilateral Scissor Bite Managed with Prefabricated Functional Appliances in Primary Dentition—A New Interceptive Orthodontic Protocol. CHILDREN 2021; 8:children8110957. [PMID: 34828670 PMCID: PMC8621561 DOI: 10.3390/children8110957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A unilateral scissor bite is a type of severe malocclusion in primary dentition that can influence the development of the mandible and face. The present case report describes an interceptive treatment on a 4-year-old girl with a unilateral scissor bite combined with an anterior crossbite, increased reverse overjet, and overbite on a skeletal Class III base. The patient was treated with a new Prefabricated Functional Appliance (PFA) which was modified from a Frankel-III appliance to induce a mandible to move backwards and relieve an occlusion discrepancy of the dental arch, and a functional dental rehabilitation with resin and myofunctional exercises with a PFA which was modified from an oral screen appliance were performed during the treatment. The total treatment time was 11 months and a satisfactory improvement of occlusion and facial esthetics was achieved. This case report presents a new PFA system and treatment protocol in primary dentition which results in a favorable outcome, and the clinical effectiveness of this appliance system warrants further investigation.
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13
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Ngan P, Sarraj M, AlSaty G. Early timely orthodontic treatment: Treatment of unerupted maxillary laterals. APOS TRENDS IN ORTHODONTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.25259/apos_27_2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
There is no universal agreement as to which type of orthodontic or orthopedic treatment deserves early intervention. In addition, there is a need for more information as to which treatments are the most effective and less costly if they are initiated timely in the mixed dentition. Early timely treatment may benefit young patients with a maxillary transverse deficiency with or without a posterior crossbite that requires maxillary expansion. It may also be indicated in children with anteroposterior jaw discrepancy that requires chin cup or maxillary protraction. In this paper, the authors will focus on early maxillary expansion to facilitate the eruption of maxillary laterals. In specific, the authors will present a contemporary protocol using a bonded maxillary expander as anchorage for treatment of unerupted maxillary laterals. The use of this protocol was illustrated with two case reports to enable clinicians to routinely achieve a beautiful smile on a young patient by timely alignment of the maxillary incisors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ngan
- Department of Orthodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, 1550 University Ave Morgantown, WV 26506, United States,
| | - Mohamad Sarraj
- Department of Orthodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, 1550 University Ave Morgantown, WV 26506, United States,
| | - Ghaddy AlSaty
- Department of Orthodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, 1550 University Ave Morgantown, WV 26506, United States,
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14
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Alwadei SH, Almotiry K, AlMawash A, Alwadei FH, Alwadei AH. Parental Satisfaction with Their Children's Rapid Palatal Expansion Treatment Provided by Orthodontists and Pediatric Dentists. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:251-258. [PMID: 33574658 PMCID: PMC7873019 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s293351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentofacial problems have a definitive impact on patients' psychological well-being, quality of life, and satisfaction. Therefore, patients' satisfaction with their dentition should be an essential goal for dental caregivers. AIM To compare parental satisfaction with their children's rapid palatal expansion treatment outcome provided by orthodontists and pediatric dentists. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors reviewed 605 medical records and contacted 134 parents whose children received early orthodontic treatment from orthodontists and pediatric dentists using a rapid palatal expander. Eighty-eight parents (65.7%) responded to a validated questionnaire about patients' satisfaction with orthodontic treatment outcomes. RESULTS At baseline; there were no significant differences in relation to parent-related demographic variables. However, there were statistically significant differences between patients' ages and treatment duration (p < 0.001). Independent t-tests showed statistically significant differences in the means for the subscales of doctor-patient relationship and situational aspects (p < 0.05). Spearman's rho correlation coefficients and multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the overall satisfaction is significantly related to, and can be predicted by, parents' educational level, child's gender, and the specialty of the dentist who provided the treatment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Overall parental satisfaction with their children's rapid palatal expansion treatment is significantly higher when provided by pediatric dentists as compared with orthodontists. Factors related to doctor-patient relationship and situational aspects (ie, office location and design, appointment waiting, and treatment duration) significantly impacted parental satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh H Alwadei
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Saleh H Alwadei Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz, University, Alkharj, 11942, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaTel +966115886262Fax +966115886201 Email
| | | | - Amjad AlMawash
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhan H Alwadei
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurahman H Alwadei
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Keski-Nisula K, Keski-Nisula L, Varrela J. Class II treatment in early mixed dentition with the eruption guidance appliance: effects and long-term stability. Eur J Orthod 2020; 42:151-156. [PMID: 31750513 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjz092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to analyse dentoskeletal effects and long-term stability of Class II treatment carried out with an eruption guidance appliance (EGA) in early mixed dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-five Class II patients (38 females and 27 males), treated with an EGA in early mixed dentition, were compared with 58 children (26 females and 32 males) with untreated Class II malocclusion. The mean age in the treatment group at the start (T1) and end of treatment (T2) was 5.4 years (±0.4) and 8.5 years (±0.9), respectively, and at the final examination in the early permanent dentition (T3) 16.7 years (±0.4). In the control group, the mean age at T1 and T2 were 5.1 years (±0.5) and 8.4 years (±0.5), respectively. The independent and dependent sample t-tests, Chi-square test, and Fisher's test were used in the statistical evaluation. RESULTS In the treatment group, the frequency of Class II decreased from 100 to 14% during the treatment (T1-T2) and a significant correction took place in all occlusal variables. At T2, the treatment and control groups showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in all occlusal variables. In the treated children, mandibular length increased 5 mm more (P < 0.001) from T1 to T2 compared to the control children, and the ANB angle became significantly smaller (P = 0.006). During the post-treatment period (T2-T3), the frequency of Class II in the treatment group decreased from 14 to 2% (P < 0.05), overbite increased from 2.2 to 3.1 mm (P < 0.05), and lower crowding increased from 2to 14% (P < 0.05). Post-treatment changes in overjet and upper crowding were not statistically significant. At T3, the mean values of the SNA, SNB, and ANB angles were 83.0° (SD 3.9°), 81.3° (SD 3.8°), and 2.4° (SD 1.5°), respectively. CONCLUSIONS A clinically significant correction of the molar relationship, overjet, overbite, incisor alignment, and growth enhancement of the mandible were observed after treatment in early mixed dentition. The treatment results remained largely stable in the early permanent dentition. However, an increase was observed in overbite and lower crowding. None of the children treated in early mixed dentition needed a second treatment phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katri Keski-Nisula
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Leo Keski-Nisula
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Varrela
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,City of Turku Welfare Division, Oral Health Care, Turku, Finland
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16
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Alduraihim HS, Alsulami SR, Alotaibi SZ, El-Patal MAE, Gowdar IM, Chandrappa PN. Assessment of Saudi parent's awareness towards space maintainers at Alkharj city: A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:1608-1613. [PMID: 32509659 PMCID: PMC7266233 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1146_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Premature extraction or loss of a tooth due in primary dentition may lead to malocclusion in permanent dentition. Space maintainers are very important to children in mixed and primary dentition for preventing problems of malocclusion. The utilization of space maintainers depends on parental knowledge and awareness about space maintainers. Aims and Objectives: To assess the of Saudi parent's awareness toward space maintainers in Alkharj city. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was planned among Saudi parents who visited the College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. Questions related to space maintainers awareness, use, source of information, and utilization of space maintainers were asked. Results: Around 312 (82.1%) parents were not aware of space maintainers and did not receive any information about the same. About 166 (43.7%) parents did not have any personal experience of a child's missing deciduous teeth. Only 115 (30.26%) respondents received some information about space maintainers. The majority of parents 298 (78.4%) were unaware whether space maintainers aid in the eruption of permanent teeth. Similarly, 73.7% did not know when to use space maintainers. Conclusions: Knowledge of space maintainers among Saudi parents is very less. Dental professionals hence need to create awareness of interceptive orthodontics rather than curative approaches, to achieve better oral health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohamed Abd-Ellatif El-Patal
- Department of Pedodontics and Oral Health, College of Dentistry, Al Azhar University Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, KSA
| | - Inderjit M Gowdar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, KSA
| | - Praveen N Chandrappa
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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17
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Chen Y, Hagg U, McGrath C. Elastodontic appliance assisted fixed appliance treatment: A new two-phase protocol for extraction cases. J Orthod 2019; 46:251-258. [PMID: 31223070 DOI: 10.1177/1465312519856361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Elastodontic appliance (EA) is a type of removable appliance that has been widely used in interceptive orthodontics. The present case report describes a severe crowding case treated with a new two-phase protocol by using an EA and a fixed appliance. A 13-year-old patient with severe dental crowding, increased overjet and overbite on a skeletal Class II base was selected. The patient had four bicuspids extracted; during the first phase of treatment, she wore the EA for 2 h during the daytime plus overnight, combined with a myofunctional exercise. During the second phase of treatment, a fixed appliance was employed to close residual space and improve the teeth angulations. The total treatment time was 14 months, of which the second phase with fixed appliance lasted 10 months. Satisfactory improvements of the overjet and teeth alignment were achieved. This case report used a new two-phase treatment protocol which resulted in a favourable outcome after comparatively short treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Urban Hagg
- 2 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Colman McGrath
- 3 Discipline of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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18
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Wishney M, Darendeliler MA, Dalci O. Myofunctional therapy and prefabricated functional appliances: an overview of the history and evidence. Aust Dent J 2019; 64:135-144. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Wishney
- Discipline of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Dental Hospital Sydney Local Health District Surry Hills New South Wales Australia
| | - MA Darendeliler
- Discipline of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Dental Hospital Sydney Local Health District Surry Hills New South Wales Australia
| | - O Dalci
- Discipline of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Dental Hospital Sydney Local Health District Surry Hills New South Wales Australia
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19
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Yu X, Zhang H, Sun L, Pan J, Liu Y, Chen L. Prevalence of malocclusion and occlusal traits in the early mixed dentition in Shanghai, China. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6630. [PMID: 30972246 PMCID: PMC6450371 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological data on malocclusion among Chinese children are scant. The aim of this study was to provide detailed information on the prevalence of malocclusion in early mixed dentition children in Shanghai, China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from September 2016 to April 2017, and 2,810 children aged 7- to 9- years were selected from 10 primary schools by cluster random sampling. Several occlusal parameters, including Angle molar relationship, overjet, overbite, open bite, anterior and posterior crossbite, midline displacement, scissors bite, and teeth crowding and spacing, were clinically registered by five calibrated orthodontic dentists. Results We found that 79.4% children presented one or more occlusal anomalies. Angle Class I, Class II and Class III molar relationship were recorded in 42.3%, 50.9% and 5.9% of the sample, respectively. The proportion of Class III increased from 5.0% at age 7 to 7.8% at age 9. In the sagittal plane, increased overjet >3 mm was observed in 40.8% subjects, while the prevalence of severe overjet (>8 mm), anterior edge-to-edge (zero overjet) and anterior crossbite were 5.2%, 8.1% and 10.5%, respectively. Vertically, deep overbite >2/3 overlap was found in 6.2% of the children and open bite in 4.3%. Boys exhibited a higher rate of overbite than girls. For the transversal occlusal anomalies, 36.1% of the children had a midline displacement, which was followed by posterior crossbite (2.6%) and scissors bite (1.0%). Teeth space discrepancies were also common anomalies and anterior crowding (>2 mm) affecting 28.4% of the children, while anterior spacing (>4 mm) affecting 9.5%. Girls showed a higher prevalence of anterior crowding and a lower frequency of teeth spacing than boys. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that malocclusion is prevalent among children in the early mixed dentition, and more health resources should be warranted to meet the challenge of prevention or early intervention of malocclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangyan Sun
- Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuehua Liu
- Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Chen
- Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Minhang Preventive Dental Clinic, Shanghai, China
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20
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Myrlund R, Keski-Nisula K, Kerosuo H. Stability of orthodontic treatment outcomes after 1-year treatment with the eruption guidance appliance in the early mixed dentition: A follow-up study. Angle Orthod 2018; 89:206-213. [PMID: 30457353 DOI: 10.2319/041018-269.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate occlusal stability from the early mixed to the permanent dentition in children after early treatment with the eruption guidance appliance (EGA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Of 46 participants who received 1-year early EGA treatment, 35 attended a follow-up examination at age 12. Group 1 (n = 21) started their EGA treatment at mean age 7.7 years, and group 2 at 9.1 years. Following 1-year treatment, the EGA was used as a retainer. Changes in overjet, overbite, sagittal molar relationship, and anterior crowding were measured on casts obtained before EGA treatment, after EGA treatment, and at follow-up to evaluate occlusal stability. RESULTS Mean overjet, overbite, sagittal molar relation, and mandibular crowding improved significantly during the study period. Participants with good compliance during the retention period had significantly smaller overjet and overbite values than those with poor compliance. CONCLUSIONS Early correction of increased overjet, overbite, and class II molar relation with the EGA is maintainable and can also be effective in the permanent dentition, provided the EGA is worn regularly as a retainer.
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21
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Vasilakou N, Araujo EA, Kim KB, Oliver DR. Quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of phase 1 orthodontic treatment using the American Board of Orthodontics Discrepancy Index. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 150:997-1004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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daCosta OO, Aikins EA, Isiekwe GI, Adediran VE. Malocclusion and early orthodontic treatment requirements in the mixed dentitions of a population of Nigerian children. J Orthod Sci 2016; 5:81-6. [PMID: 27556019 PMCID: PMC4968056 DOI: 10.4103/2278-0203.186164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were to establish the prevalence of dental features that indicate a need for early intervention and to ascertain the prevalence of different methods of early treatment among a population of Nigerian children in mixed dentition. METHODS Occlusal relationships were evaluated in 101 children in mixed dentition between the ages of 6 and 12 years who presented at the Orthodontic Unit, Department of Child Dental Health, Lagos University Teaching Hospital over a 2 years period. The need for different modes of early orthodontic treatment was also recorded. RESULTS Anterior tooth rotations (61.4%) and increased overjet (44.6%) were the most prevalent occlusal anomalies. Others included deep bite (31.7%), reverse overjet (13.9%), and anterior open bite (14.8%). Severe maxillary spacing and crowding were exhibited in 12.0% and 5.0%, respectively. About a third (35.7%) of the subjects presented with crossbite while lip incompetence was observed in 43.6% of the subjects. About 44% of the subjects also presented with various oral habits with digit (15.8%) and lip sucking (9.9%) being the most prevalent. Subjects were recommended for treatment with 2 by 4 fixed orthodontic appliances (22.3%), habit breakers (20.7%), removable orthodontic appliances (16.5%), and extractions (15.7%). CONCLUSIONS Increased overjet and anterior tooth rotation were the majority of occlusal anomalies seen, which are not only esthetically displeasing but may also cause an increased susceptibility to trauma to these teeth. Treatment options varied from extractions only to the use of appliance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elfleda Angelina Aikins
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Gerald Ikenna Isiekwe
- Department of Child Dental Health, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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Čirgić E, Kjellberg H, Hansen K. Treatment of large overjet in Angle Class II: division 1 malocclusion with Andresen activators versus prefabricated functional appliances-a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Eur J Orthod 2015; 38:516-24. [PMID: 26543061 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjv080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness in reducing large overjet between a prefabricated functional appliance (PFA) and a slightly modified Andresen activator (AA). SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Public Dental Service, Gothenburg, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS, STUDY DESIGN, AND METHODS A multicentre, prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted with patients from 12 general dental practices. One hundred and five patients with an Angle Class II, division 1 malocclusion and an overjet of ≥6mm were eligible for the study. Eight patients were excluded due to various reasons and the sample consisted thus of 97 subjects (44 girls, 53 boys) with a mean age of 10.3 years. The study was designed as intention to treat and the patients were randomly allocated by lottery to treatment with either a PFA or an AA. The PFA and AA group consisted of 57 subjects (28 girls, 29 boys) and 40 subjects (16 girls, 24 boys), respectively. Overjet, overbite, lip seal, and sagittal molar relationship were recorded before, at the end of treatment and 1-year post-treatment. Blinding was not performed. The endpoint of treatment was set to overjet ≤3mm and after this a 6 months retention period followed. RESULTS No significant difference was found in overjet, overbite, sagittal relation, and lip seal between the two groups for the total observation period. The treatment of 40 (70 per cent) patients with PFA and 21 (53 per cent) with AA were considered unsuccessful mainly due to poor compliance. LIMITATIONS No cephalometric records were taken as only patient-centred clinical outcome were used as an indicator for treatment success. The criteria of reduction of overjet to as low as 3mm could have affected the success rate. CONCLUSION No difference in effectiveness could be shown between PFAs and AAs in correcting overjet, overbite, sagittal molar relation, and lip seal. The success rate in treatment with both appliances is, however, low. REGISTRATION This trial was registered in "FoU i Sverige" (http://www.fou.nu/is/sverige), registration number: 97131. PROTOCOL The protocol was not published before trial commencement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emina Čirgić
- *Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden and
| | - Heidrun Kjellberg
- **Department of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Odontology, Public Dental Service,Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ken Hansen
- **Department of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Odontology, Public Dental Service,Gothenburg, Sweden
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Is orthodontics prior to 11 years of age evidence-based? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2015; 43:477-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Edman Tynelius G, Petrén S, Bondemark L, Lilja-Karlander E. Five-year postretention outcomes of three retention methods—a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Orthod 2014; 37:345-53. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cju063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Myrlund R, Dubland M, Keski-Nisula K, Kerosuo H. One year treatment effects of the eruption guidance appliance in 7- to 8-year-old children: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Orthod 2014; 37:128-34. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cju014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Letti HCB, Rizzatto SMD, Menezes LMD, Reale CS, Lima EMD, Martinelli FL. Sagittal changes in lower incisors by the use of lingual arch. Dental Press J Orthod 2013; 18:29-34. [DOI: 10.1590/s2176-94512013000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate a sagittal variation on the lower incisors with the use of the lingual arch on the transition from mixed to permanent dentition. METHODS: The sample was constituted of 44 Caucasian patients (26 girls and 18 boys), divided in two groups: CG, control group, monitoring the lower arch space with no orthodontic/orthopedic treatment during the rated period (n = 14); EG, experimental group, presenting anterior inferior mild crowding and installation of the lingual arch for space maintenance (n = 30). The position of the lower incisors was analyzed on computerized cephalometric tracings performed at the beginning of the monitoring (T1) and at the end, on the permanent dentition (T2). In order to evaluate the position of the incisors it was used Tweed and Steiner measurements: IMPA, 1.NB and 1-NB. The alterations were analyzed through the "t" test for paired samples, while the differences between the groups were analyzed through the "t" test for independent samples, as for sexual dimorphism. RESULTS: The values in T2 were greater in relation to T1 for all measurements on EG (IMPA, p = 0.038; 1.NB, p = 0.007 and 1-NB, p < 0.0001). On comparing the differences (T2-T1) between CG and EG, it can be gauged differences significantly superior for measure 1.NB (p = 0.002) and 1-NB (p < 0.0001) on EG. There was no statisticaly significant difference between genres. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the lower incisors were projected after using the lingual arch to control the space on the transition from mixed to permanent dentition, however, within acceptable standards, not having difference between genres.
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Salmi M, Tuomi J, Sirkkanen R, Ingman T, Mäkitie A. Rapid tooling method for soft customized removable oral appliances. Open Dent J 2012; 6:85-9. [PMID: 22615719 PMCID: PMC3355367 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601206010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally oral appliances i.e. removable orthodontic appliances, bite splints and snoring / sleep apnea appliances are made with alginate impressions and wax registrations. Our aim was to describe the process of manufacturing customized oral appliances with a new technique i.e. rapid tooling method. The appliance should ideally be custom made to match the teeth. An orthodontic patient, scheduled for conventional orthodontic treatment, served as a study subject. After a precise clinical and radiographic examination, the approach was to digitize the patient’s dental arches and then to correct them virtually by computer. Additive manufacturing was then used to fabricate a mould for a soft customized appliance. The mould was manufactured using stereolithography from Somos ProtoGen O-XT 18420 material. Casting material for the mould to obtain the final appliance was silicone. As a result we managed to create a customized soft orthodontic appliance. Also, the accuracy of the method was found to be adequate. Two versions of the described device were manufactured: one with small and one with moderate orthodontic force. The study person also gave information on the subjective patient adaptation aspects of the oral appliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Salmi
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, BIT Research Centre, Aalto University, School of Science, Espoo, Finland
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Edman Tynelius G, Bondemark L, Lilja-Karlander E. Evaluation of orthodontic treatment after 1 year of retention--a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Orthod 2010; 32:542-7. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjp145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Pietilä I, Pietilä T, Svedström-Oristo AL, Varrela J, Alanen P. Acceptability of adolescents' occlusion in Finnish municipal health centres with differing timing of orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod 2009; 32:186-92. [PMID: 19755611 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjp085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to compare the acceptability of occlusion among orthodontically treated and untreated adolescents in eight Finnish municipal health centres applying different timing of treatment. A random sample of 16- and 18-year olds (n = 2325) living in these municipalities was invited for a clinical examination, and 1109 adolescents participated. Two calibrated orthodontists blindly examined the participants for the acceptability of occlusion with the Occlusal Morphology and Function Index. The history of orthodontic treatment was elicited by questionnaire. The impact of the history and timing of treatment on the acceptability of occlusion was analysed with logistic regression analysis. The history of orthodontic treatment decreased the odds for acceptability of morphology [odds ratio (OR) = 0.719, 95 per cent confidence limit (CL), P = 0.016] and acceptability of function (OR = 0.724, 95 per cent CL, P = 0.018). The early timing of treatment increased the odds for acceptability of morphology (OR = 1.370, 95 per cent CL, P = 0.042) and of function (OR = 1.420, 95 per cent CL, P = 0.023). No substantial differences were observed in the acceptability of occlusion between the early and late timing health centres. However, the proportion of subjects with acceptable occlusion was slightly higher in the early than in the late timing group. These findings suggest that when examining the effect of timing on treatment outcome, factors other than acceptability of occlusion should be concomitantly evaluated. Consequently, in this context, the duration and cost of treatment need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilpo Pietilä
- Oral Health Services, Health Centre of Pori, Finland.
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Keski-Nisula K, Keski-Nisula L, Salo H, Voipio K, Varrela J. Dentofacial changes after orthodontic intervention with eruption guidance appliance in the early mixed dentition. Angle Orthod 2008; 78:324-31. [PMID: 18251597 DOI: 10.2319/012607-37.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2007] [Accepted: 05/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate skeletal and dentoalveolar changes induced by the eruption guidance appliance in the early mixed dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre- and posttreatment cephalometric radiographs of 115 consecutively treated children, 62 boys and 53 girls, were compared with those obtained from a control group of 104 children, 52 boys and 52 girls. Pretreatment radiographs were taken at the deciduous-mixed dentition interphase (T1) and after full eruption of all permanent incisors and first molars (T2). The mean age of the children in both groups was 5.1 years at T1 and 8.4 years at T2. RESULTS A significant difference between the groups at T2 was found in the mandibular length, midfacial length, and maxillomandibular differential. The increase in mandibular length was 11.1 mm in the treatment group and 7.2 mm in the control group. No differences were found in measurements of maxillary position or size. There was a significant shift toward a Class I relationship in the treatment group. Labial tipping and linear protrusion of the mandibular incisors was evident in the treatment group at T2. There was no effect on the inclination or position of the maxillary incisors. CONCLUSIONS Occlusal correction was achieved mainly through changes in the dentoalveolar region of the mandible. In addition, the appliance enhanced condylar growth resulting in a clinically significant increase in mandibular length. No effect was observed on maxillary position, maxillary size, inclination or protrusion of the maxillary incisors, or facial height.
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