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Geshay D, Campbell P, Tadlock L, Schneiderman E, Kyung HM, Buschang P. Stability of immediately loaded 3 mm long miniscrew implants: a feasibility study. Dental Press J Orthod 2021; 26:e2119155. [PMID: 33759962 PMCID: PMC8018754 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.26.1.e2119155.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Shorter miniscrew implants (MSIs) are needed to make orthodontics more effective and efficient. Objective: To evaluate the stability, insertion torque, removal torque and pain associated with 3 mm long MSIs placed in humans by a novice clinician. Methods: 82 MSIs were placed in the buccal maxillae of 26 adults. Pairs of adjacent implants were immediately loaded with 100g. Subjects were recalled after 1, 3, 5, and 8 weeks to verify stability and complete questionnaires pertaining to MSI-related pain and discomfort. Results: The overall failure rate was 32.9%. The anterior and posterior MSIs failed 35.7% and 30.0% of the time, respectively. Excluding the 10 MSIs (12.2%) that were traumatically dislodged, the failure rates in the anterior and posterior sites were 30.1% and 15.2%, respectively; the overall primary failure rate was 23.6%. Failures were significantly (p= 0.010) greater (46.3% vs 19.5%) among the first 41 MSIs than the last 41 MSIs that were placed. Excluding the traumatically lost MSIs, the failures occurred on or before day 42. Subjects experienced very low pain (2.2% of maximum) and discomfort (5.5% of maximum) during the first week only. Conclusions: Shorter 3 mm MSIs placed by a novice operator are highly likely to fail. However, failure rates can be substantially decreased over time with the placement of more MSIs. Pain and discomfort experienced after placing 3 mm MSIs is minimal and temporary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phillip Campbell
- Texas A&M University, College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics (Dallas/TX, USA)
| | - Larry Tadlock
- Texas A&M University, College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics (Dallas/TX, USA)
| | - Emet Schneiderman
- Texas A&M University, College of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences (Dallas/TX, USA)
| | - Hee-Moon Kyung
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Orthodontics (Daegu, Korea)
| | - Peter Buschang
- Texas A&M University, College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics (Dallas/TX, USA)
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Santana LG, Marques LS. Do adjunctive interventions in patients undergoing rapid maxillary expansion increase the treatment effectiveness? Angle Orthod 2021; 91:119-128. [PMID: 33289794 DOI: 10.2319/051320-431.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of adjunctive interventions in individuals undergoing rapid maxillary expansion (RME). MATERIALS AND METHODS MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, LILACS, and Google Scholar were searched without restrictions up to June 2020. Trials involving participants undergoing orthopedic or surgical RME, along with adjunctive interventions, were included. Risk-of-bias assessments were performed using the Cochrane tool for randomized trials-2. The certainty level of evidence was assessed through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool. RESULTS Six randomized clinical trials, with low to high risk of bias, were included. Low certainty of the evidence suggested that low-level laser facilitated opening of the midpalatal suture during the active phase of RME. Likewise, moderate certainty demonstrated that low-level laser accelerated the healing process of the suture during the retention phase. The clinical impact of this outcome, that is, stability and retention time, was not evaluated. Very low evidence indicated that osteoperforations along the midpalatal suture increased maxillary transverse skeletal gains in young adults undergoing RME. Low evidence suggested that platelet-rich plasma therapy did not minimize the vertical and thickness bone loss after RME in the short term. CONCLUSIONS Based on currently available information, the use of low-level laser associated with maxillary expansion seems to provide a more efficient suture opening and bone healing. Limited evidence suggests that osteoperforations improve the skeletal effects of RME in non-growing individuals. There are no adjunctive interventions capable of reducing the periodontal side effects of RME.
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Shen C, Witek L, Flores RL, Tovar N, Torroni A, Coelho PG, Kasper FK, Wong M, Young S. Three-Dimensional Printing for Craniofacial Bone Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1303-1311. [PMID: 32842918 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic concepts from the fields of biology and engineering are integrated into tissue engineering to develop constructs for the repair of damaged and/or absent tissues, respectively. The field has grown substantially over the past two decades, with particular interest in bone tissue engineering (BTE). Clinically, there are circumstances in which the quantity of bone that is necessary to restore form and function either exceeds the patient's healing capacity or bone's intrinsic regenerative capabilities. Vascularized osseous or osteocutaneous free flaps are the standard of care with autologous bone remaining the gold standard, but is commonly associated with donor site morbidity, graft resorption, increased operating time, and cost. Regardless of the size of a craniofacial defect, from trauma, pathology, and osteonecrosis, surgeons and engineers involved with reconstruction need to consider the complex three-dimensional (3D) geometry of the defect and its relationship to local structures. Three-dimensional printing has garnered significant attention and presents opportunities to use craniofacial BTE as a technology that offers a personalized approach to bony reconstruction. Clinicians and engineers are able to work together to produce patient-specific space-maintaining scaffolds tailored to site-specific defects, which are osteogenic, osseoconductive, osseoinductive, encourage angiogenesis/vasculogenesis, and mechanically stable upon implantation to prevent immediate failure. In this work, we review biological and engineering principles important in applying 3D printing technology to BTE for craniofacial reconstruction as well as present recent translational advancements in 3D printed bioactive ceramic scaffold technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Roberto L Flores
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nick Tovar
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrea Torroni
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - F Kurtis Kasper
- Department of Orthodontics and School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark Wong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Simon Young
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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Wang MM, Flores RL, Witek L, Torroni A, Ibrahim A, Wang Z, Liss HA, Cronstein BN, Lopez CD, Maliha SG, Coelho PG. Dipyridamole-loaded 3D-printed bioceramic scaffolds stimulate pediatric bone regeneration in vivo without disruption of craniofacial growth through facial maturity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18439. [PMID: 31804544 PMCID: PMC6895073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates a comprehensive model of bone regeneration capacity of dypiridamole-loaded 3D-printed bioceramic (DIPY-3DPBC) scaffolds composed of 100% beta-tricalcium phosphate (β -TCP) in an immature rabbit model through the time of facial maturity. The efficacy of this construct was compared to autologous bone graft, the clinical standard of care in pediatric craniofacial reconstruction, with attention paid to volume of regenerated bone by 3D reconstruction, histologic and mechanical properties of regenerated bone, and long-term safety regarding potential craniofacial growth restriction. Additionally, long-term degradation of scaffold constructs was evaluated. At 24 weeks in vivo, DIPY-3DPBC scaffolds demonstrated volumetrically significant osteogenic regeneration of calvarial and alveolar defects comparable to autogenous bone graft with favorable biodegradation of the bioactive ceramic component in vivo. Characterization of regenerated bone reveals osteogenesis of organized, vascularized bone with histologic and mechanical characteristics comparable to native bone. Radiographic and histologic analyses were consistent with patent craniofacial sutures. Lastly, through application of 3D morphometric facial surface analysis, our results support that DIPY-3DPBC scaffolds do not cause premature closure of sutures and preserve normal craniofacial growth. Based on this novel evaluation model, this DIPY-3DPBC scaffold strategy is a promising candidate as a safe, efficacious pediatric bone tissue engineering strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime M Wang
- Department of Biomaterials & Biomimetics, NYU College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 307 E 33rd St, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Roberto L Flores
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 307 E 33rd St, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Department of Biomaterials & Biomimetics, NYU College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Andrea Torroni
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 307 E 33rd St, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Amel Ibrahim
- Department of Biomaterials & Biomimetics, NYU College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 307 E 33rd St, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Biomaterials & Biomimetics, NYU College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Hannah A Liss
- Department of Biomaterials & Biomimetics, NYU College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Bruce N Cronstein
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Christopher D Lopez
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 601 N Caroline St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Samantha G Maliha
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3601 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials & Biomimetics, NYU College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 307 E 33rd St, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
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Regeneration of a Pediatric Alveolar Cleft Model Using Three-Dimensionally Printed Bioceramic Scaffolds and Osteogenic Agents: Comparison of Dipyridamole and rhBMP-2. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 144:358-370. [PMID: 31348344 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar clefts are traditionally treated with secondary bone grafting, but this is associated with morbidity and graft resorption. Although recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is under investigation for alveolar cleft repair, safety concerns remain. Dipyridamole is an adenosine receptor indirect agonist with known osteogenic potential. This study compared dipyridamole to rhBMP-2 at alveolar cleft defects delivered using bioceramic scaffolds. METHODS Skeletally immature New Zealand White rabbits underwent unilateral, 3.5 × 3.5-mm alveolar resection adjacent to the growing suture. Five served as negative controls. The remaining defects were reconstructed with three-dimensionally printed bioceramic scaffolds coated with 1000 μm of dipyridamole (n = 6), 10,000 μm of dipyridamole (n = 7), or 0.2 mg/ml of rhBMP-2 (n = 5). At 8 weeks, new bone was quantified. Nondecalcified histologic evaluation was performed, and new bone was evaluated mechanically. Statistical analysis was performed using a generalized linear mixed model and the Wilcoxon rank sum test. RESULTS Negative controls did not heal, whereas new bone formation bridged all three-dimensionally printed bioceramic treatment groups. The 1000-μm dipyridamole scaffolds regenerated 28.03 ± 7.38 percent, 10,000-μm dipyridamole scaffolds regenerated 36.18 ± 6.83 percent (1000 μm versus 10,000 μm dipyridamole; p = 0.104), and rhBMP-2-coated scaffolds regenerated 37.17 ± 16.69 percent bone (p = 0.124 versus 1000 μm dipyridamole, and p = 0.938 versus 10,000 μm dipyridamole). On histology/electron microscopy, no changes in suture biology were evident for dipyridamole, whereas rhBMP-2 demonstrated early signs of suture fusion. Healing was highly cellular and vascularized across all groups. No statistical differences in mechanical properties were observed between either dipyridamole or rhBMP-2 compared with native bone. CONCLUSION Dipyridamole generates new bone without osteolysis and early suture fusion associated with rhBMP-2 in skeletally immature bone defects.
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Garib D, Miranda F, Sathler R, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Aiello CA. Rapid Maxillary Expansion after Alveolar Bone Grafting with rhBMP-2 in UCLP Evaluated by Means of CBCT. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2017; 54:474-480. [DOI: 10.1597/15-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To demonstrate the feasibility of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) after alveolar bone grafting (ABG) in complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate (UCLP) without damage to the grafted area. Setting Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC), University of São Paulo, Department of Orthodontics. Patient A case report of a 10-year-old boy with a complete UCLP who was treated with RME after secondary ABG procedure. RME was performed 1.3 years after the bone grafting with rhBMP-2 in collagen membrane. Result Postexpansion cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) axial and coronal sections demonstrated the opening of the midpalatal suture in the premaxilla without damages to the alveolar bone grafting region. Postretention CBCT images showed bone formation at the split midsuture of the premaxilla. Conclusion Rapid maxillary expansion performed after ABG with rH-BMP2 led to complete opening of the premaxillary midline suture without compromising the integrity of the grafted alveolar cleft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Garib
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School and Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo
| | - Felicia Miranda
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo
| | - Renata Sathler
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Alberto Aiello
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Effect of longitudinal flutes on miniscrew implant stability and 3-dimensional bone formation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017; 150:950-957. [PMID: 27894544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of longitudinal flutes on miniscrew implant (MSI) stability and bone healing. METHODS Using 11 skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits, we placed 31 longitudinally fluted and 31 nonfluted, 3-mm-long MSIs in standardized positions in their calvaria and immediately loaded them with 100 g using nickel-titanium coil springs. Insertion torque values were obtained for each MSI placed; removal torque values were obtained for 28 MSIs that had been in place for 6 weeks and 20 MSIs that had been in place for 2 weeks. The bone volume fractions at 6 to 24, 24 to 42, and 42 to 60 μm from the MSI surfaces were evaluated using microcomputed tomography with an isotropic resolution of 6 μm. RESULTS The success rate was 97% for both the fluted and nonfluted MSIs. The difference in insertion torque between the fluted and nonfluted MSIs was not statistically significant (P = 0.930). After 2 weeks, there was no statistically significant (P = 0.702) difference in removal torque between the fluted and nonfluted MSIs. After 6 weeks, removal torque values were significantly (P = 0.008) higher for the fluted (3.42 ± 0.26 N.cm) than the nonfluted (2.49 ± 0.20 N.cm) MSIs. Bone volume fractions of the 6-to-24-, 24-to-42-, and 42-to-60-μm layers were significantly (P <0.05) greater for the nonfluted than the fluted MSIs. CONCLUSIONS Loaded 3-mm-long MSIs with and without flutes have high success rates. Longitudinal flutes placed in 3-mm MSIs increased their removal torque by 37% and decreased the amount of bone immediately surrounding them.
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Lattanzi W, Barba M, Di Pietro L, Boyadjiev SA. Genetic advances in craniosynostosis. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1406-1429. [PMID: 28160402 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Craniosynostosis, the premature ossification of one or more skull sutures, is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous congenital anomaly affecting approximately one in 2,500 live births. In most cases, it occurs as an isolated congenital anomaly, that is, nonsyndromic craniosynostosis (NCS), the genetic, and environmental causes of which remain largely unknown. Recent data suggest that, at least some of the midline NCS cases may be explained by two loci inheritance. In approximately 25-30% of patients, craniosynostosis presents as a feature of a genetic syndrome due to chromosomal defects or mutations in genes within interconnected signaling pathways. The aim of this review is to provide a detailed and comprehensive update on the genetic and environmental factors associated with NCS, integrating the scientific findings achieved during the last decade. Focus on the neurodevelopmental, imaging, and treatment aspects of NCS is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Lattanzi
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Latium Musculoskeletal Tıssue Bank, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Barba
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Di Pietro
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Simeon A Boyadjiev
- Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California
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Carlson DS. Evolving concepts of heredity and genetics in orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 148:922-38. [PMID: 26672698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The field of genetics emerged from the study of heredity early in the 20th century. Since that time, genetics has progressed through a series of defined eras based on a number of major conceptual and technical advances. Orthodontics also progressed through a series of conceptual stages over the past 100 years based in part on the ongoing and often circular debate about the relative importance of heredity (nature) and the local environment (nurture) in the etiology and treatment of malocclusion and dentofacial deformities. During the past 20 years, significant advancements in understanding the genomic basis of craniofacial development and the gene variants associated with dentofacial deformities have resulted in a convergence of the principles and concepts in genetics and in orthodontics that will lead to significant advancement of orthodontic treatments. Fundamental concepts from genetics and applied translational research in orthodontics provide a foundation for a new emphasis on precision orthodontics, which will establish a modern genomic basis for major improvements in the treatment of malocclusion and dentofacial deformities as well as many other areas of concern to orthodontists through the assessment of gene variants on a patient-by-patient basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Carlson
- Regents Professor, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Dallas, Tex.
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Altan AB, Bicakci AA, Avunduk MC, Esen H. The effect of dosage on the efficiency of LLLT in new bone formation at the expanded suture in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:255-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu SSY, Xu H, Sun J, Kontogiorgos E, Whittington PR, Misner KG, Kyung HM, Buschang PH, Opperman LA. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 stimulates bone formation during interfrontal suture expansion in rabbits. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013; 144:210-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Altan BA, Kara IM, Nalcaci R, Ozan F, Erdogan SM, Ozkut MM, Inan S. Systemic propolis stimulates new bone formation at the expanded suture: a histomorphometric study. Angle Orthod 2013; 83:286-291. [PMID: 22906401 PMCID: PMC8793649 DOI: 10.2319/032612-253.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of systemically given propolis on the expanded premaxillary suture in a rat study model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 24 rats were randomly divided into three groups-only expansion (OE), expansion plus propolis (PRO), and nonexpansion (control) groups. After the 5-day expansion period was completed, the OE and PRO groups underwent 12 days of mechanical retention. At the end of this period, the animals were euthanatized and their pre-maxillae were dissected and fixed. Histomorphometric examination was performed to determine the number of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and capillaries as well as the intensity of inflammatory cells and amount of new bone formation. RESULTS Statistical analysis showed that the intensities of inflammatory cells, number of osteoblasts, and amount of new bone formation were greater in the PRO group than in the other groups. The PRO group also had more osteoclasts and new capillaries. CONCLUSION Systemic use of propolis may hasten new bone formation at the expanded suture in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu A Altan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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