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Almarhoumi AA. Socio-economic and gender dynamics influence on the parental decision-making process for children's orthodontic care - A study in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. J Orthod Sci 2024; 13:5. [PMID: 38516110 PMCID: PMC10953714 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_184_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the socio-economic and personal factors that impact parental decisions regarding orthodontic treatment for their children in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A digital self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect data from 414 parents, focusing on their motivations and barriers that influence their decision-making process regarding orthodontic treatment. RESULTS Income level was the most significant factor in orthodontic decisions. Parents with higher incomes were twice as likely to choose orthodontic treatment for esthetic reasons compared to parents with middle incomes. The main incentive for seeking treatment was getting advice from dental professionals, with 60% of participants rating it as the most important factor. 34.5% of respondents identified cost as the main barrier, with middle-income parents being 151% more inclined to perceive it as a significant barrier compared to high-income parents. Gender dynamics revealed that mothers exhibited 48.9% greater concern regarding treatment costs compared to fathers, whereas fathers placed 2.105 times more importance on the orthodontist's reputation than mothers. CONCLUSION Income levels, along with other socio-economic factors and gender dynamics, have a significant influence on parental decisions regarding orthodontic care. Personalized consultations that address these variations are crucial for improving communication between patients and practitioners and increasing the accessibility of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim A. Almarhoumi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry and Dental Hospital at Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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Guo R, Tian Y, Li X, Li W, He D, Sun Y. Facial profile evaluation and prediction of skeletal class II patients during camouflage extraction treatment: a pilot study. Head Face Med 2023; 19:51. [PMID: 38044428 PMCID: PMC10694895 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-023-00397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evaluation of the facial profile of skeletal Class II patients with camouflage treatment is of great importance for patients and orthodontists. The aim of this study is to explore the key factors in evaluating the facial profile esthetics and to predict the posttreatment facial profile esthetics of skeletal Class II extraction patients. METHODS 124 skeletal Class II extraction patients were included. The pretreatment and posttreatment cephalograms were analyzed by a trained expert orthodontist. The facial profile esthetics of pretreatment and posttreatment lateral photographs were evaluated by 10 expert orthodontists using the visual analog scale (VAS). The correlation between subjective facial profile esthetics and objective cephalometric measurements was assessed. Three machine-learning methods were used to predict posttreatment facial profile esthetics. RESULTS The distances from lower and upper lip to the E plane and U1-APo showed the stronger correlation with profile esthetics. The changes in lower lip to the E plane and U1-APo during extraction exhibited the stronger correlation with changes in VAS score (r = - 0.551 and r = - 0.469). The random forest prediction model had the lowest mean absolute error and root mean square error, demonstrating a better prediction accuracy and fitting effect. In this model, pretreatment upper lip to E plane, pretreatment Pog-NB and the change of U1-GAll were the most important variables in predicting the posttreatment score of facial profile esthetics. CONCLUSIONS The maxillary incisor protrusion and lower lip protrusion are key objective indicators for evaluating and predicting facial profile esthetics of skeletal Class II extraction patients. An artificial intelligence prediction model could be a new method for predicting the posttreatment esthetics of facial profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Operational and Development Office, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobei Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Weiran Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Danqing He
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China.
| | - Yannan Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China.
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Gołębiowski M, Świątkowska A, Pastuszak P, Rahnama M. Relationship between Selected Cephalometric Parameters, Nasolabial Angle and Its Components in Adolescent Females. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061199. [PMID: 36980507 PMCID: PMC10047291 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasolabial angle is commonly used to assess the soft tissue profile of the subnasal region. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between the nasolabial angle, the inclination of the lower border of the nose and upper lip, upper incisor inclination and upper lip thickness. A sample of 142 female adolescents aged 13-18 years was chosen. A modified cephalometric analysis was performed with the nasolabial angle, and its components were traced according to Fitzgerald's method. All analysed parameters showed a statistically significant correlation with the nasolabial angle (NLA). The highest correlation was found for the labial (L/FH) and nasal (N/FH) components of the nasolabial angle, respectively. Upper incisor inclinations (1+:SN, U1FA) and upper lip thickness (ULT) had a stronger correlation with L/FH than NLA, but no correlation was found between these parameters and N/FH. Upper lip thickness did not influence the relationship between incisor inclination and NLA or L/FH. The position of the upper incisors and upper lip thickness influence the nasolabial angle indirectly through its labial component (L/FH). Therefore, it seems purposeful to assess the nasolabial angle as a sum of two independent angles, of which only one (L/FH) can be influenced by orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikołaj Gołębiowski
- Department of Jaw Orthopedics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Przemysław Pastuszak
- Department of Jaw Orthopedics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mansur Rahnama
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Prevalence of bullying in orthodontic patients and its impact on the desire for orthodontic therapy, treatment motivation, and expectations of treatment. J Orofac Orthop 2023; 84:69-78. [PMID: 34505907 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00343-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims at investigating the prevalence of bullying due to malocclusions in a sample of German orthodontic patients. Thereby, we analyzed the influence of self-reported bullying on initiation, desire and motivation, and expectations of orthodontic therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients completed questionnaires by themselves in three orthodontic practices (n = 1020, mean age 11.8 years). The sample was divided into three groups: (1) subjects bullied due to dentofacial features, (2) subjects bullied due to physical features, and (3) non-bullied control group. The effect of bullying on initiation, desire and motivation, and expectation from orthodontic treatment was assessed and compared between these groups. RESULTS Overall prevalence of bullying was 23.7% with male subjects revealing significantly higher values than females (p < 0.001). Subjects from the dentofacial features group (6.3%) initiated orthodontic therapy themselves significantly more often than subjects from the physical features (17.4%; p = 0.030) and control group (76.3%; p < 0.001). The dentofacial features group reported significantly more frequently that 'ugly teeth' were the major motivating factor to seek orthodontic treatment (40.4%). Within this group significantly higher mean scores for the expectation 'keep me from being bullied' were obtained compared with subjects in the physical features (p < 0.001) or control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This analysis demonstrated that bullying due to malocclusion impacts attitude towards orthodontic treatment. Victims who experienced bullying due to malocclusion initiate orthodontic treatment more often themselves and expect therapy to prevent them from experiencing further bullying.
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Trinajstic Zrinski M, Pavlic A, Katic V, Spalj S. Effect of personality traits on the association between clinically assessed malocclusion and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics. Orthod Craniofac Res 2023; 26:62-71. [PMID: 35445536 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess whether personality traits affect the relationship between malocclusion and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and whether they act as its mediators or moderators. SETTINGS AND SAMPLE POPULATION The cross-sectional study included 252 participants with permanent dentition (62% female) aged 12-39 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Big Five Inventory, the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire and the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need were used. Moderation and mediation were tested by hierarchical stepwise multiple linear regression. RESULTS Malocclusion was the most significant predictor of dental self-confidence (DSC), aesthetic concern (AC), social impact (SI) and psychological impact (PI), accounting for 12%-28% of respective variability (P < .05). Adult age, male sex and higher neuroticism and agreeableness were additional predictors of higher DSC (P < .05). Adolescent age was a predictor of higher AC, SI and PI, and female sex of higher AC and PI (P < .05). Mediation by personality traits was not proven, however, openness, agreeableness and neuroticism were moderators. A tendency of decrease in AC was associated with an increase in malocclusion complexity in adolescents lower in openness and decrease in SI in adolescents with lower agreeableness. There was also a tendency of higher increase of AC associated with an increase of malocclusion degree in adults higher in neuroticism. CONCLUSION In adolescents, openness and agreeableness moderate the relationship between malocclusion and AC and SI, respectively. Neuroticism is a moderator of the association between malocclusion and AC in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrej Pavlic
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Rijeka Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Visnja Katic
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Rijeka Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Stjepan Spalj
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Rijeka Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
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Applicability of the IOTN-AC index in a bimaxillary protrusion population. AUSTRALASIAN ORTHODONTIC JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoj-2023-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the validity of the IOTN-AC in the assessment of aesthetic impairment in bimaxillary protrusion patients.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted and involved 110 patients comprising 52 males (47.3%) and 58 females (52.7%) who were accepted for fixed appliance treatment at The University of the West Indies Dental Hospital and provided consent for the use of their records. The mean age was 13.45 years. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their reasons for seeking orthodontic treatment and score their self-perceived IOTN-AC. An orthodontist also scored the malocclusion using the IOTN (AC and DHC).
Results
Spearman’s correlation between patient IOTN-AC and orthodontist IOTN-AC was r = 0.435, (p < 0.001). However, the patient IOTN-AC and the ‘normative’ need (p = 0.198), as well as the orthodontist IOTN-AC and the ‘normative’ need (p = 0.334), were not correlated (r = 0.124 and r = 0.094, respectively). Both patient and the orthodontist IOTN-AC scores were not in agreement with ‘normative’ need (IOTN-DHC). Cohen’s kappa test determined an agreement between the patient’s IOTN- AC and an orthodontist’s IOTN AC score, k = 0.395, p < 0.001. The questionnaire revealed aesthetics as the primary reason for seeking treatment but there was poor correlation between the questionnaire items and the patient or orthodontist IOTN-AC score, an AC score of 3 being the most common score for both.
Conclusion
The IOTN-AC is not a valid tool to determine patient perception of the need for treatment in a bimaxillary protrusion population when scored by either patients or orthodontists.
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Statistical Study on the Motivation of Patients in the Pediatric Dentistry. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9111782. [DOI: 10.3390/children9111782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our statistical study included 344 participants selected from the patients of the Pedodontics–Orthodontics Discipline of the Tîrgu-Mureş University of Medicine and Pharmacy. The patients’ age was between 6 and 18 years, with an average of 13.70 and a standard deviation of 4.62. The study participants were informed and agreed to complete two questionnaires of our conception regarding their health status, oral hygiene, and motivation for pedodontics or orthodontic treatment. The results of the two questionnaires were interpreted according to the gender and age of the patients. Data processing was performed with NCSS/PASS Dawson Edition statistical software, using the CHI2 test, considering a p of less than 0.05 as significant for comparative results. Results showed that girls were more motivated than boys in addressing pedodontic services due to dental, periodontal, and articular problems. Children, aged between 11 and 14 years, were less intrinsically motivated to solve oral health problems due to their low frequency. The intrinsic motivation for a more beautiful dentition was very strong, regardless of age and sex. Girls were more intrinsically motivated for orthodontic treatment than boys. There was a linear increase together in the age of those who wanted to improve their smile and facial appearance. Children between 11 and 14 years had the best self-perception of the appearance of their teeth, mouth, smile, and facial harmony. The strongest extrinsic motivation for orthodontic treatment came from parents or another doctor. The most important reason for orthodontics was dental malpositions, the last one was the improvement of masticatory efficiency. The extrinsic motivation from parents for orthodontics decreases linearly with age, along with the increase in motivation from the person with whom the participants relate emotionally and from the group of friends.
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Yadav R, Ranabhat M, Yadav AK. Evaluation of Orthodontic Treatment Need—An Ethnic and Gender Prospective. JOURNAL OF INDIAN ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/03015742221122946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Index for Orthodontic Treatment Need is a widely used index to assess the orthodontic treatment need among various populations. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare orthodontic treatment needs of Nepali among gender and ethnicity. Materials and Methods: A total of 800 children (400 males and 400 females) above 14 years of age were selected from different schools of Kathmandu using multistage sampling technique. The study sample was grouped into 2 ethnic groups: Indo-Aryan and Janajati. Two trained and calibrated examiners examined school-going children using Index for Orthodontic Treatment Need tool. Statistical comparison of the study variables by gender and ethnicity was done. Results: Dental Health Component showed 36.75% male and 34.5% female, and 39% Indo-Aryan and 29.76% Janajati had great treatment need. The Aesthetic Component (AC) showed 13.75% male and 12.25% female, and 12.5% Indo-Aryan 14.58% Janajati had great/severe need. Conclusions: Males had great/severe need of treatment for both Dental Health Component and Aesthetic Component (AC). Indo-Aryan showed higher degree of great/severe need for Dental Health Component and lesser degree of great/severe need for Aesthetic Component (AC) than Janajati.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Yadav
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Medicine, MMC Dental Teaching Hospital, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Mukti Ranabhat
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Medicine, MMC Dental Teaching Hospital, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Anil Kumar Yadav
- Department of Dentistry, Provincial Hospital, Madhesh Institute of Health Science, Madhesh Pradesh, Janakpurdham, Dhanusha, Nepal
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Shah R, Nair R. Comparative evaluation of facial attractiveness by laypersons in terms of facial proportions and equate it's deviation from divine proportions - A photographic study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:492-499. [PMID: 35755137 PMCID: PMC9213769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The human face is a unique structure and says a lot about an individual even more than what the body indicates about the overall attractiveness. Facial attractiveness is an important key to social interactions and individual behavior. The human body is made in such a way that it follows a specific mathematical proportion called the Golden Proportion. In order for any two parts to be aesthetically proportionate, the ratio between them should be 1.618. Studies have shown that aesthetically pleasing profiles have facial proportions and ratios that closely resemble the golden proportions. Aim To evaluate the perception of esthetic facial photographs by laypersons and compare these with the accepted norms of divine proportions to find for any deviations from those norms. Methodology Forty subjects having normal soft tissue profile angle, as evaluated using Burstone's method, were selected to be photographed for the study. All the photographs were taken using DSLR Camera and under a standard photographic setup. All the photographs were edited and compiled into a PowerPoint presentation. The edited photographs on the PowerPoint presentation were displayed to 302 evaluators. These evaluators were asked to score each photograph according to a visual analogue scale with markings from 0 to 10 (with 0 being least attractive and 10 being most attractive) according to their attractiveness. All the scored photos were then grouped into three categories viz. Very attractive, Average attractive and Least attractive. Three horizontal proportions and three vertical proportions were assessed digitally in all the photographs and any deviations from the golden proportion were assessed. Results It was found that none of the three groups followed golden proportions accurately. However the Very Attractive group showed closest resemblance to the golden proportion as compared to the other two groups. Amongst all the horizontal and vertical proportions in the Very Attractive group, Interchelion to Interalar proportion (Ch:Ln) was the one that showed maximum deviation from the divine proportion (mean value 1.38 ± 0.15). Rest of the other horizontal and vertical proportions in the Very Attractive group were close enough to the divine proportion. However the difference between the proportions amongst the three groups was not statistically significant. Comparison between the three groups showed that Very Attractive faces showed the least deviations from the golden proportions whereas least attractive faces showed most deviations from the golden proportions. Conclusion The findings of this study state that the perception of aesthetically pleasing faces by laypersons do not accurately follow golden proportion but are close enough to it. The faces not showing golden proportions are perceived as less attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romilkumar Shah
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed-to-be University, India
| | - Rahul Nair
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed-to-be University, India
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Factors Influencing Appliance Wearing Time during Orthodontic Treatments: A Literature Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12157807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to analyze the multiple factors affecting patients’ level of compliance (how much they wear removable devices/clear aligners) during orthodontic treatments and to investigate the available methods and devices to monitor the appliance wearing time and to improve it. A literature search was conducted on electronic databases (Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar). The results of the present study suggest that compliance indicators may misestimate the intraoral wearing time. Compliance is affected by patient-related factors (age, personality traits, the importance of personal appearance, self-perception of malocclusion), appliance-related factors (visibility, pain/discomfort), and clinician-related factors (trust, clear and complete communication, motivation). The motivation of pre-pubertal patients is mostly external, while adolescents/young adults have intrinsic motivation for orthodontic treatment. Patients’ self-reports tend to overestimate the appliance wearing time. Even if there is a lack of evidence, teledentistry might improve patients’ awareness of being monitored, thus increasing the time for which orthodontic devices are worn. Compliance is a key factor for clear aligner treatments, but high-quality studies focusing on this aspect are missing. Further studies should focus on how to handle the lack of cooperation and how to increase compliance in order to maximize the treatment’s results.
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Burton SV, Valenta AL, Starren J, Abraham J, Nelson T, Kochendorfer K, Hughes A, Harris B, Boyd A. Examining perspectives on the adoption and use of computer-based patient-reported outcomes among clinicians and health professionals: a Q methodology study. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2022; 29:443-452. [PMID: 34871423 PMCID: PMC8800531 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocab257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine factors that influence the adoption and use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in the electronic health record (EHR) among users. MATERIALS AND METHODS Q methodology, supported by focus groups, semistructured interviews, and a review of the literature was used for data collection about opinions on PROs in the EHR. An iterative thematic analysis resulted in 49 statements that study participants sorted, from most unimportant to most important, under the following condition of instruction: "What issues are most important or most unimportant to you when you think about the adoption and use of patient-reported outcomes within the electronic health record in routine clinical care?" Using purposive sampling, 50 participants were recruited to rank and sort the 49 statements online, using HTMLQ software. Principal component analysis and Varimax rotation were used for data analysis using the PQMethod software. RESULTS Participants were mostly physicians (24%) or physician/researchers (20%). Eight factors were identified. Factors included the ability of PROs in the EHR to enable: efficient and reliable use; care process improvement and accountability; effective and better symptom assessment; patient involvement for care quality; actionable and practical clinical decisions; graphical review and interpretation of results; use for holistic care planning to reflect patients' needs; and seamless use for all users. DISCUSSION The success of PROs in the EHR in clinical settings is not dependent on a "one size fits all" strategy, demonstrated by the diversity of viewpoints identified in this study. A sociotechnical approach for implementing PROs in the EHR may help improve its success and sustainability. CONCLUSIONS PROs in the EHR are most important to users when the technology is used to improve patient outcomes. Future research must focus on the impact of embedding this EHR functionality on care processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley V Burton
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Annette L Valenta
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Justin Starren
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joanna Abraham
- Department of Anesthesiology and Institute for Informatics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Therese Nelson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karl Kochendorfer
- Department of Clinical Family Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ashley Hughes
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bhrandon Harris
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew Boyd
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Churruca K, Ludlow K, Wu W, Gibbons K, Nguyen HM, Ellis LA, Braithwaite J. A scoping review of Q-methodology in healthcare research. BMC Med Res Methodol 2021; 21:125. [PMID: 34154566 PMCID: PMC8215808 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-021-01309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Q-methodology is an approach to studying complex issues of human 'subjectivity'. Although this approach was developed in the early twentieth century, the value of Q-methodology in healthcare was not recognised until relatively recently. The aim of this review was to scope the empirical healthcare literature to examine the extent to which Q-methodology has been utilised in healthcare over time, including how it has been used and for what purposes. METHODS A search of three electronic databases (Scopus, EBSCO-CINAHL Complete, Medline) was conducted. No date restriction was applied. A title and abstract review, followed by a full-text review, was conducted by a team of five reviewers. Included articles were English-language, peer-reviewed journal articles that used Q-methodology (both Q-sorting and inverted factor analysis) in healthcare settings. The following data items were extracted into a purpose-designed Excel spreadsheet: study details (e.g., setting, country, year), reasons for using Q-methodology, healthcare topic area, participants (type and number), materials (e.g., ranking anchors and Q-set), methods (e.g., development of the Q-set, analysis), study results, and study implications. Data synthesis was descriptive in nature and involved frequency counting, open coding and the organisation by data items. RESULTS Of the 2,302 articles identified by the search, 289 studies were included in this review. We found evidence of increased use of Q-methodology in healthcare, particularly over the last 5 years. However, this research remains diffuse, spread across a large number of journals and topic areas. In a number of studies, we identified limitations in the reporting of methods, such as insufficient information on how authors derived their Q-set, what types of analyses they performed, and the amount of variance explained. CONCLUSIONS Although Q-methodology is increasingly being adopted in healthcare research, it still appears to be relatively novel. This review highlight commonalities in how the method has been used, areas of application, and the potential value of the approach. To facilitate reporting of Q-methodological studies, we present a checklist of details that should be included for publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Churruca
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Kristiana Ludlow
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Wendy Wu
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Kate Gibbons
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Hoa Mi Nguyen
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Louise A Ellis
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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Michelogiannakis D, Gajendra S, Pathagunti SR, Sayers MS, Newton JT, Zhou Z, Feng C, Rossouw PE. Patients' and parents' expectations of orthodontic treatment in university settings. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021; 159:443-452. [PMID: 33568276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The primary aim was to compare patients' and parents' orthodontic treatment expectations at the Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY (UR) in the United States. Secondary aims were to assess the association between sociodemographic factors and UR participants' expectations; and compare participants' expectations between UR, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) and King's College Dental Hospital, London, United Kingdom (KC) (previously published data). METHODS One hundred and forty participants [70 patients and one of their parents (n = 70)] completed a validated questionnaire (10 questions) to measure orthodontic treatment expectations before screening at the Orthodontic Department at UR. Various sociodemographic factors were assessed. The paired t test (for continuous responses) and the Fisher exact test (for categorical responses) were used to compare UR patients' and parents' responses. Two-sample t test and the Fisher exact test were used to compare participants' responses among sociodemographic groups. One-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test, and the Fisher exact test were used to compare participants' responses between UR, and ACTA and KC (data collected from previous publications). A multiplicity correction was performed to control the false discovery rate. RESULTS Patients at UR expected less check-up and diagnosis, and less discussion about treatment at the initial visit, more dietary restrictions, and less improvement in smile esthetics and social confidence with orthodontic treatment than parents. Participants' responses differed by sociodemographic factors at UR and between UR, ACTA, and KC. CONCLUSIONS Expectations of orthodontic treatment differ between patients and their parents, are associated with sociodemographic factors, and vary among United States and European University centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Michelogiannakis
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY.
| | - Sangeeta Gajendra
- Division of Community Dentistry and Oral Disease Prevention, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Pathagunti
- Division of Community Dentistry and Oral Disease Prevention, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Mark Stewart Sayers
- Orthodontic Department, Queen Mary's Hospital Sidcup, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathon Tim Newton
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhirou Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Changyong Feng
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Paul Emile Rossouw
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
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Orthodontists' and parents’ perception of finished occlusion and willingness to extend treatment time. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2020; 158:799-806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Effectiveness of mobile phone applications in improving oral hygiene care and outcomes in orthodontic patients. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2020; 11:26-32. [PMID: 33344158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the effectiveness of mobile phone applications in improving oral hygiene care and oral health outcomes in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods PUBMED/MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, COCHRANE, PROQUEST, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were systematically searched for original studies published between January 2000 and March 2020. The eligibility criteria being: (i) observational study [cross-sectional, case-control, cohort study, or RCTs] that reported mobile phone application as an intervention or exposure for oral hygiene care. Standard Protocol Items Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) statement was used for quality assessment of interventional studies. The comprehensive search strategy yielded 154 studies after the removal of duplicates. Based on eligibility criteria only 5 studies were included in the data extraction phase. Results This review finds that smartphone applications have a significant short term effect in the improvement of oral hygiene when measured using plaque index and gingival index scores. The mean plaque index and gingival index reduced significantly in three out of five studies. The intervention groups [62%] had a lower level of plaque at a 12-week interval as compared to the control group [72%]. Short term follow-ups showed greater improvement in oral hygiene following smartphone application administration. Conclusion Within the available evidence, a recommendation can be made for the use of mobile applications in the orthodontic process [oral hygiene] care. Clinical relevance Further research for the development of patient-centered applications for patient safety, clinical decision making, and increasing their effectiveness in the treatment of orthodontic patients are required.
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Brennan DS, Luzzi L, Chrisopoulos S, Haag DG. Oral health impacts among Australian adults in the National Study of Adult Oral Health (NSAOH) 2017-18. Aust Dent J 2020; 65 Suppl 1:S59-S66. [PMID: 32583589 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper examines oral health impacts of toothache experience, self-rated oral health (SROH), being uncomfortable with dental appearance, and avoiding foods in the Australian adult population. METHODS The explanatory variables include age, sex, region, income, area-based SES, dental insurance and visiting pattern. The data were collected in the interview in NSAOH 2017-18. RESULTS There were lower percentages with: toothache in the highest (14.8%) than middle (21.2%) and lower income tertiles (25.2%); fair/poor SROH in the highest (15.8%) than middle (24.1%) and lower tertiles (34.8%); uncomfortable with appearance in the highest (29.1%) than middle (35.3%) and lower tertiles (42.2%); and food avoidance in the higher (15.3%) than middle (22.9%) and lower tertiles (34.4%). There were higher percentages with: toothache in the unfavourable (32.2%) than intermediate (23.1%) and favourable (11.7%) visiting groups; fair/poor SROH in the unfavourable (44.0%) than intermediate (27.4%) or favourable (10.2%) groups; being uncomfortable about appearance in the unfavourable (47.6%) than intermediate (39.5%) or favourable (25.8%) groups; and avoiding foods in the unfavourable (34.8%) than intermediate (26.0%) or favourable (14.5%) groups. CONCLUSIONS Socioeconomic status and dental visiting were associated with oral health impacts. Oral health impacts were worse for those with lower income and unfavourable visiting patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Brennan
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Liana Luzzi
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sergio Chrisopoulos
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dandara G Haag
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Demir R, Baysal A. Three-dimensional evaluation of smile characteristics in subjects with increased vertical facial dimensions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2020; 157:773-782. [PMID: 32487307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients seeking orthodontic treatment often have esthetic concerns (ie, they want a better smile). Patients with increased vertical facial dimensions have different smile traits than other patients. This study aimed to compare the smile characteristics of subjects with different vertical facial dimensions and to use stereophotogrammetry to evaluate the changes in facial animation upon smiling. METHODS One hundred twenty adolescents and young adults (aged 15-25 years) who were referred for orthodontic treatment were divided into 2 groups according to their vertical facial height: increased (n = 30) and normal (n = 30). Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric images were obtained from the patients during rest and smile. The images were superimposed, and the displacements of specific landmarks were recorded. Linear, angular, and proportional measurements were recorded on the smile and rest images. RESULTS When smiling, horizontal movement of commissures was less (right, P = 0.038; left, P = 0.009), upper lip elevation was higher (P = 0.014), and the upper lip was shorter (P = 0.014) in the vertical group than in the normal group. In the vertical group, the interlabial gap was increased both at rest and when smiling (P <0.001). Statistically significant differences were found in smile index (P = 0.001), nasolabial fold displacement (P = 0.018), and lip angles (both P = 0.001) between groups. CONCLUSIONS Group and sex differences were observed when smiling. Careful consideration of these differences will help clinicians in proper diagnosis and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asli Baysal
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey.
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Christou T, Abarca R, Christou V, Kau CH. Smile outcome comparison of Invisalign and traditional fixed-appliance treatment: A case-control study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2020; 157:357-364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To qualitatively explore, and analyse, patients' expectations before the start of fixed appliance orthodontic treatment and determine whether typologies exist. DESIGN A prospective cross-sectional qualitative study, which involved 13 patients (aged 12-15 years). SETTING NHS Hospital Orthodontic Department (UK). MATERIALS AND METHODS In-depth interviews were conducted with patients who consented to participate before the start of fixed appliance orthodontic treatment. The in-depth interview data were transcribed and then managed using a framework approach, followed by associative analysis. RESULTS The in-depth interviews revealed two major themes and associated subthemes which were: first, patients' expectations about the treatment process and outcome; and second, patients' expectations of themselves during and after treatment. Three typologies related to patients' expectations of the orthodontic treatment process were also identified. The first group of participants had minimal expectations of the treatment process, did not anticipate discomfort or pain and did not anticipate that treatment would cause disruption to their daily life. The second group of participants had expectations that treatment would involve arch wire changes, dental extractions and result in some discomfort/pain, which would cause some limited disruption to their daily life (moderate expectations). The third type of participant had expectations of the treatment process involving arch wire changes and dental extractions, and anticipated that the discomfort and pain experienced would significantly affect their daily life (marked expectations). CONCLUSIONS These results provide the clinician with information about patient typologies and provide the clinician with some direction when communicating with their patients and managing their expectations before the start of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Sayers
- Department of Orthodontics, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust/King's College, London, UK
| | - Susan J Cunningham
- Department of Orthodontics, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Tim J Newton
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Perspectives of general dental practitioners on preventive, patient-centred, and evidence-based oral healthcare-A Q-methodology study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219931. [PMID: 31430291 PMCID: PMC6701752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In the last 30 years, innovations in oral healthcare (OHC), such as advanced restorative techniques, shifts towards preventive and evidence-based care and changes in patients’ expectations, have increased the complexity of clinical decision-making in OHC. Little is known about the perspectives of general dental practitioners (GDPs) on the value of providing preventive, patient-centred and evidence-based OHC. This study aimed to explore the range of perspectives present amongst GDPs on OHC. Method Q-methodology was used to explore perspectives among 78 GDPs working in the Netherlands. Participants were asked to sort 50 statements representing three central domains in OHC: i.) restorative versus preventative OHC, ii.) disease-centred versus patient-centred OHC and iii.) expertise-based versus evidence-based OHC. Opinion statements about delivering OHC were formulated on the basis of published literature and input from OHC professionals. By-person factor analysis was used to reveal clusters of communality in statement rankings, which were interpreted and formed perspectives on OHC. Results Four perspectives, explaining 47% of variance, on OHC were identified amongst GDPs: ‘the patient-focused dentist who values prevention’, ‘the outcome-oriented dentist who values learning from colleagues’, ‘the team player with ultimate care responsibility’ and ‘the dentist who considers oral health the responsibility of the patient.’ Conclusion Q-methodology can be effectively used to describe the different perspectives that GDPs have on the challenges of preventive, patient-centred and evidence-based OHC. GDPs should not be seen as a homogenous group; rather they have different views and approaches to the care they provide. This has implications for health systems; awareness of the heterogeneity of practitioners’ perspectives can potentially be used to develop bespoke quality of care improvement strategies that constructively engage with each of these different groups.
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Doğramacı EJ, Brennan DS. The long‐term influence of orthodontic treatment on adults’ psychosocial outcomes: An Australian cohort study. Orthod Craniofac Res 2019; 22:312-320. [DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esma J. Doğramacı
- Orthodontics, Adelaide Dental School The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health (ARCPOH), Adelaide Dental School The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - David S. Brennan
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health (ARCPOH), Adelaide Dental School The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
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AlQuraini N, Shah R, Cunningham SJ. Perceptions of outcomes of orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients: a qualitative study. Eur J Orthod 2019; 41:294-300. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjy071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nahla AlQuraini
- Department of Orthodontics, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Eastman Dental Hospital, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rupal Shah
- Department of Orthodontics, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Eastman Dental Hospital, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Susan J Cunningham
- Department of Orthodontics, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Eastman Dental Hospital, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Geoghegan F, Birjandi AA, Machado Xavier G, DiBiase AT. Motivation, expectations and understanding of patients and their parents seeking orthodontic treatment in specialist practice. J Orthod 2019; 46:46-50. [DOI: 10.1177/1465312518820330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To determine patient and parent/guardian motivation, expectation and understanding of orthodontic treatment. Design: A self-completion questionnaire survey of new patients referred for orthodontic assessment. Setting: Specialist practices in Surrey and Berkshire (United Kingdom). Participants: A total of 500 questionnaires were issued (250 were issued to patients and 250 to parents). Methods: The survey was based on a self-completed questionnaire which was issued at the assessment appointment. Both questionnaires were adapted and extended from originally validated questionnaires previously used in a hospital setting. Patients and parents were asked to complete separate anonymous questionnaires. The patient questionnaire consisted of 24 closed-ended questions divided into three domains: motivation; understanding; and expectation of orthodontic treatment. The parent questionnaire consisted of 13 questions covering the same three domains Results: The response rate for the patient and parent questionnaires was 95% and 91%, respectively. Forty-seven percent of the patients were aged 11–13 years. In 77% of cases, the referral was initiated by their dentist. Only 3% of patients thought there was nothing wrong with their teeth. There was a poor understanding of what a retainer is and for how long patients are expected to use it. Conclusions: Referral for orthodontic treatment was initiated by the patients’ general dental practitioner in the majority of the cases. The anticipation of improved dental appearance was a prime motivating factor. Participants had realistic expectations and there was a good acceptance of appliances and dental extractions for orthodontic treatment. Nevertheless, both patients and parents/guardians were less well informed on the nature and duration of orthodontic retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finn Geoghegan
- Specialist Orthodontic Practice, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology (CCRB), King’s College London Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Ana Ahmadi Birjandi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology (CCRB), King’s College London Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Guilherme Machado Xavier
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology (CCRB), King’s College London Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Andrew T DiBiase
- Department of Orthodontics, William Harvey Hospital, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Ashford, Kent, UK
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Doğramacı EJ, Brennan DS. The influence of orthodontic treatment on dental caries: An Australian cohort study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2019; 47:210-216. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esma J. Doğramacı
- Orthodontics, Adelaide Dental SchoolThe University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health (ARCPOH)Adelaide Dental SchoolThe University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - David S. Brennan
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health (ARCPOH)Adelaide Dental SchoolThe University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
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Tang X, Tong Q, Li Z, Chen Z, Weng M, Zhang X, Huang S, Chen Y, Chen Z. Difference and Commonness Among CLP, NON-CLP Patients and Their Parents Seeking for Orthodontic Treatment: A Questionnaire Applying Q Methodology to Investigate Motives. Patient Prefer Adherence 2019; 13:2047-2060. [PMID: 31827321 PMCID: PMC6902877 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s224254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Based on Q methodology, this study investigated the motivation of orthodontic treatment for patients and their parents. Through investigation, this paper attempts to explore the motivational factors of CLP and NON-CLP children and their parents, which are different or general. PATIENTS AND METHODS Q methodology involves 4 phases. (1) Interviews of CLP (N=5), NON-CLP (N=5) patients generated 30 statements (Q-set 1) and CLP (N=5), NON-CLP (N=5) patients' parents produced 36 statements (Q-set 2) about different reasons to pursue orthodontic care. (2) P-set: recruitment participants. The sample comprised 40 CLP patients (G1) and 40 NON-CLP patients (G2) aged 9-16 years, 40 CLP patients' parents (G3) and 40 NON-CLP patients' parents (G4) wanting their children to have orthodontic treatment. (3) Q-sort: 4 groups ranked statements in order of comparative significance using enforced distribution grids (G1, G2 ranked Q-set 1; G3, G4 ranked Q-set 2). (4) Analysis: using the PQMehtod 2.35 vision to analyze data. RESULTS Three factors in each group were identified as representing the most widespread views of the majority of the participants, described as G1: (1) aesthetics, (2) preparation for other oral treatments, (3) timely. G2: (1) admiration of others, aesthetics, (2) oral function, (3) oral hygiene and improvement of smile. G3: (1) worrying about the future of children, parents' responsibilities, children's feelings; (2) mental health, timely; (3) parents' responsibilities, ready for treatment. G4: (1) aesthetics, children's will; (2) future problems, timely; (3) timely, parents' responsibility and no need to worry about physical problems. CONCLUSION CLP and NON-CLP patients and parents have different orthodontic treatment motives, yet, they still shared 3 global motivation themes, respectively. Consideration of these motives may help clinicians develop their treatment discussions with patients and parents, which could consequently improve their cooperation and may achieve a more satisfactory outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Tang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Xu Hui Dental Clinic, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Tong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhujun Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Jing-an Dental Clinic, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Xu Hui Dental Clinic, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjia Weng
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sijing Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhenqi Chen; Yang Chen Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhi Zao Ju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai200001, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-021-23271699-5056 Email ;
| | - Zhenqi Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhenqi Chen; Yang Chen Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhi Zao Ju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai200001, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-021-23271699-5056 Email ;
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Martin C, Gebeile-Chauty S. [Discontinuation of Orthodontic Treatment: what are the early predictive factors?]. Orthod Fr 2018; 89:371-386. [PMID: 30565556 DOI: 10.1051/orthodfr/2018033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Discontinuation of orthodontic treatment has iatrogenic, psychological, ergonomic and financial consequences. The objective of this study was to investigate early risk factors (prior to installation) of discontinuation of orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a case-control study between a group of patients who dropped their orthodontic treatment ("A") and a randomly selected group of patients who had completed their orthodontic treatment ("NA"). The two groups were compared, with descriptive, uni and multivariate analyzes. The risk factors assessed were age, gender, socioeconomic status, type of treatment, dysmorphism, malocclusion, need for treatment, compliance. RESULTS In the dropout group 55 patients were included ("A") and 100 in the non-abandoned ("NA") group randomly selected. The subject at risk of abandonment was a girl of less than 11 years of age with a low socio-economic level with antero-posterior and vertical skeletal dysmorphisms, a molar class II, a teeth crowding, a small aesthetic prejudice or, on the contrary, very important, complex treatment (with extractions or with surgery) and having delays or missed appointments before the installation of the orthodontic appliance. CONCLUSION Patients' motivation needs to be strengthened for both extremes: treatments that appear simple and conversely for complex cases requiring strong cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Martin
- Departement d'Orthopedie Dento-Faciale, Faculte d'Odontologie, rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - Sarah Gebeile-Chauty
- Departement d'Orthopedie Dento-Faciale, Faculte d'Odontologie, rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
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Almeida ABD, Leite ICG, Silva GAD. Evidence in Orthodontics related to qualitative research. Dental Press J Orthod 2018; 23:64-71. [PMID: 30304155 PMCID: PMC6150700 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.23.4.064-071.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Research in Orthodontics has historically followed the positivist model based on the direct relationship of cause and effect between diseases and their specific etiological factors. Despite the objectivity and the great potential of statistical procedures, quantitative methods have progressively been sharing space with other models that can encompass the multiplicity of factors that affect the health-disease process, which until such time was reduced to its biological dimension. Objectives: This study aims, through an integrative review, to identify orthodontics articles published over a 10-year period that have used, exclusively or not, some method of qualitative research, and analyze the main aspects of their content. Methods: A survey was performed on Pubmed, Medline, Scopus, and Lilacs databases from 2007 to 2016 with a focus on the applicability of the qualitative methodology in orthodontic research. Results: The 27 articles selected showed a trend to increase in publications, with the most recent four years concentrating almost 60% of them. Most studies were from Europe, particularly the UK, and the more frequent study objectives were related to the perception of people about the reasons for orthodontic treatment, about the aesthetic and psychosocial impact of malocclusion or orthodontic treatment, and the implications of these factors for their quality of life. Conclusions: Because of its potential to explore behaviours and socio-cultural attitudes sustained in subjectivity, qualitative research offers new possibilities for orthodontic studies and can be used in an exclusive or complementary way in relation to quantitative methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Barbosa de Almeida
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde, ênfase em Saúde Brasileira (Juiz de Fora/MG, Brazil)
| | | | - Girlene Alves da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva (Juiz de Fora/MG, Brazil)
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Eijsink AM, Schipper G, Vermaire JH. A Q-methodology study among caregivers of people with moderate intellectual disabilities on their clients’ health care: An example in oral health. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2018; 31:915-926. [DOI: 10.1111/jar.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Eijsink
- Special Care Dentistry; Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep; Alkmaar The Netherlands
| | - G. Schipper
- Special Care Dentistry; SBT; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - J. H. Vermaire
- Special Care Dentistry; Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep; Alkmaar The Netherlands
- TNO-Child Health; Leiden The Netherlands
- Centrum voor Tandheelkunde & Mondzorgkunde; University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
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Lin F, He Y, Ni Z, Olive R, Ren M, Yao L, Ye Q. Individualized intervention to reduce anxiety in adult orthodontic patients based on Q methodology. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017; 152:161-170. [PMID: 28760278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we used Q methodology to assess the concerns of adults seeking orthodontic treatment and to determine individualized interventions to reduce their anxiety. METHODS Statements of concern were derived by in-depth interviews with 70 adult patients. Q sorting methodology was then used to identify the main factors associated with anxiety in a cohort of 40 adults who had not been involved in the first part of the study. The final stage involved a randomized study in which 160 new adult patients were recruited and randomized into intervention and control groups. Participants in the intervention group sorted the statements, after which individualized interventions were implemented. Participants in the control group received routine treatment. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to measure changes in participants' anxiety levels before and during treatment. RESULTS In total, 41 statements were identified, and participants were classified according to 5 factors. Factor 1 participants were concerned about the lack of treatment information; factor 2 represented concerns about cost and other people's opinions; factor 3 represented concerns about impact on work related to wearing braces; factor 4 encompassed concerns about treatment effects, pain, and dental fears; and factor 5 reflected concerns about side effects and finding a partner. The mean state anxiety inventory scores for both the intervention and control groups were highest 24 hours after bonding (intervention group, 44.63 ± 4.49; control group, 49.43 ± 5.42). The intragroup state anxiety inventory scores differed significantly across the 6 time points (P <0.01), with the state anxiety inventory scores of the intervention group significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.01) at all time points except baseline. No significant intergroup or intragroup differences were found in relation to trait anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Adult orthodontic patients expressed diverse concerns. Individualized interventions based on Q methodology may reduce anxiety in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiou Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan He
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Oral Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zhenyu Ni
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Richard Olive
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Oral Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Manman Ren
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linjie Yao
- Department of Pedodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Qingsong Ye
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Discipline of Orthodontics, Oral Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Lin F, Ren M, Yao L, He Y, Guo J, Ye Q. Psychosocial impact of dental esthetics regulates motivation to seek orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017; 150:476-82. [PMID: 27585776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics for adults seeking orthodontic treatment. METHODS The Chinese version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) was administered to 393 adults, aged 18 to 30 years. The participants were divided into 2 groups: an intervention group (received orthodontic treatment) and a control group (rejected orthodontic treatment). Baseline malocclusion severity was assessed using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). RESULTS The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed no statistically significant difference between the groups for the dental health component (DHC) of the IOTN (P = 0.134). Total and subscale PIDAQ scores of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group and differed significantly in each group among the 4 IOTN-DHC grades; self-confidence scores in the control group (F = 1.802; P >0.05) were the exception. Correlations between the PIDAQ scores and the IOTN-DHC grades were strong in each group. DHC grades, psychological impact, social impact, and aesthetic concern had significant impacts on patients accepting orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSIONS The psychosocial impact of dental esthetics played an important role in the decision-making process of adults seeking orthodontic treatment. Importantly, participants with low self-awareness of the potential psychosocial impact rejected orthodontic treatment, despite the need for severe normative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiou Lin
- Attending physician, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; PhD postgraduate student, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; visiting scholar, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Manman Ren
- Master, School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linjie Yao
- Attending physician, Department of Pedodontics, School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan He
- Lecturer, Discipline of Orthodontics, Oral Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jing Guo
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Adjunct professor, School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; professor, Discipline of Orthodontics, Oral Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Meghna V, Nikhilesh V, Dhaval F, Meetali S. Integrating “Experience Economy” into Orthodontic Practice Management: A current perspective on internal marketing. Semin Orthod 2016. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sodo.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Guo JL, Tu Ku HY, Yang FC, Hsu HP, Lin YH, Huang CM. Patterns of treatment expectation and the physician-patient relationship perceived by women receiving traditional Chinese medicine treatment for menstrual symptoms: a Q-methodology study. Scand J Caring Sci 2016; 31:748-758. [PMID: 27862155 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recurrence of menstrual symptoms markedly interferes with the daily life, social functioning, work disability and quality of life of women. Patient perception of healthcare services is underexplored but crucial for understanding how to efficiently develop healthcare practices. AIMS To identify and describe the different patterns of treatment expectation and physician-patient relationships perceived by women receiving traditional Chinese medicine treatment for menstrual symptoms. METHODS A two-stage data collection design was used. In the first stage, in-depth interviews with 40 participants were conducted; the interview data were used for content analysis. Q statements were developed on the basis of the content analysis results. In the second stage, a series of Q sorts was performed by 60 other participants to subjectively rank the Q statements. RESULTS The results of factor analysis revealed that four factors retained in the final model accounted for 56% of total variance. Women associated with Factor 1 had experienced few negative physician-patient interactions; these women were relatively young (31.6 years) and had mild perimenstrual mood discomfort (6.4). Women who loaded on Factor 2 preferred physician guidance and encountered few barriers to adherence; these participants were older (38.6 years) and had the most severe perimenstrual mood discomfort (9.5) among the four groups. The women in agreement with Factor 3 tended to patiently wait for treatment effects; these participants had the highest scores for both cyclic pelvic pain (4.9) and perimenstrual physical discomfort (8.8). The women associated with Factor 4 demanded effective treatment and had the lowest scores for both cyclic pelvic pain (3.8) and perimenstrual physical discomfort (6.8). CONCLUSIONS The exploration of clustering patients according to their perspectives could influence healthcare providers to acknowledge patient expectations and enable effective communication between physicians and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Long Guo
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, University of National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Tu Ku
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chi Yang
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Pei Hsu
- Institute of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Mieh Huang
- Institute of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
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Chen PP, Lee HL, Huang SH, Wang CL, Huang CM. Nurses’ perspectives on moral distress: A Q methodology approach. Nurs Ethics 2016; 25:734-745. [DOI: 10.1177/0969733016664976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Moral distress occurs when nurses experience ethical dilemmas. Issues related to these dilemmas are addressed in some nursing education courses. Nurses’ reaction to dilemma such as moral distress is relatively less noticed. Objective: This study aimed to identify and describe the various types of perceptions of moral distress exhibited by nurses. Research design: This study applied Q methodology to explore the perspectives of nurses regarding moral distress. Data were collected in two stages. First, in-depth interviews were conducted to collect nurses’ opinions. Sentences that best fit the concepts of moral distress were extracted for the construction of Q statements. Second, nurses subjectively ranked these Q statements so that the relevant severity of moral distress could be determined using Q sorts. The study participants were nurses at a regional teaching hospital in northeast Taiwan. A total of 60 participants were invited to rank 40 moral distress Q statements. Ethical considerations: The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board of National Yang-Ming University Hospital. Only the participants who signed an informed consent form participated in the study. The respondents’ right to withdraw from the study was respected. Findings: Five types of responses were identified regarding the nurses’ perspectives. These types were “conflict with personal values,” “excessive of workload,” “curbing of autonomy,” “constraint engendered by organizational norms,” and “self-expectation frustration.” Conclusion: The findings regarding nurses’ experiences of moral distress can be used to construct multifaceted policies and solutions and to incorporate ethical education in training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Chen
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Lu Lee
- Department of Nursing, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care & Management, Taiwan
| | - Shu-He Huang
- School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ling Wang
- Department of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Mieh Huang
- School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan and Department of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Taiwan
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Huang CM, Hung WS, Lai JN, Kao YH, Wang CL, Guo JL. Maternity staff perspectives regarding resource demands of breastfeeding supportive practices in accordance with the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative accreditation: a Q methodology approach. J Adv Nurs 2016; 72:1301-12. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Mieh Huang
- School of Nursing; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shu Hung
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jung-Nien Lai
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine; College of Chinese Medicine; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiu Kao
- Graduate Institute of Health Allied Education; National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ling Wang
- Department of Nursing; National Yang-Ming University Hospital; Yilan Taiwan
| | - Jong-Long Guo
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education; University of National Taiwan Normal University; Taipei Taiwan
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Yao J, Li DD, Yang YQ, McGrath CPJ, Mattheos N. What are patients' expectations of orthodontic treatment: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:19. [PMID: 26884053 PMCID: PMC4756524 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background What patients expect to happen during treatment or benefit from the treatment might influence the subsequent factors such as treatment outcome, patient satisfaction, patient’s cooperation as well as compliance. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the role of patients’ expectations from orthodontic treatment. Methods A systematic literature search of four databases Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science and PsychINFO was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting expectations regarding orthodontic treatment were selected and a narrative review was conducted. The quality of study was rated according to STROBE statements and the methodology as well as key findings were summarized. Results Thirteen studies (14 papers) were finally included for analysis. Among them, only one was a randomized control trial, while the rest included one cohort study, two questionnaire-developments and ten cross-sectional studies. The STROBE quality of reporting scores of the studies ranged from 12 to 18. Seven papers described expectations of the treatment experiences, along with seven talking about benefit expectations from the treatment. Dental appearance and function improvement were most expected in studies relate to the treatment benefits. Conclusions Orthodontics appears to have adopted various standardized questionnaires. However, most of them are poor in the quality of methodology and results analyses, which prohibit synthesizing sufficient evidence to help identify which factors influence patient expectations. The evidence of “expectations” affecting treatment outcomes is not found in current research. Future studies are needed to better understand the impact of “expectation” on the treatment both theoretically and experimentally. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12903-016-0182-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yao
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital 4/F, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Nanjing Medical University, HanZhong Road 140, NanJing, 210029, China
| | - Yan-Qi Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital 2/F, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Colman Patrick Joseph McGrath
- Department of Periodontology and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital 3/F, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Nikos Mattheos
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital 4/F, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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Yi S, Zhang C, Ni C, Qian Y, Zhang J. Psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and desire for orthodontic treatment among Chinese undergraduate students. Patient Prefer Adherence 2016; 10:1037-42. [PMID: 27354773 PMCID: PMC4908946 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s105260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in undergraduate students in the People's Republic of China and to investigate the association between normal orthodontic treatment needs, psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics, and desire for orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in two universities in a city of the People's Republic of China with 374 young adults aged between 19 years and 24 years. The students answered a Chinese version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) and addressed their desire for orthodontic treatment. Objective malocclusion severity was assessed with the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS software (Version 15.0). RESULTS There was no statistical sex difference in relation to the dental health component of IOTN (P=0.893) and PIDAQ scores (P=0.06), but it was found that the desire for orthodontic treatment was significantly stronger among females. The total and subscale PIDAQ scores and malocclusion severity differed significantly among the five grades of desire (P<0.01). Significant positive correlation was found among desire for orthodontic treatment, IOTN-dental health component grades, and total or subscale PIDAQ scores (P<0.01). High correlation was found between desire and PIDAQ score (r=0.93). CONCLUSION The desire for orthodontic treatment is higher among female young adults who have the same orthodontic treatment needs compared to males. The desire for orthodontic treatment has high positive correlation with PIDAQ scores and increases with the increase in self-perceived psychosocial impacts of malocclusion and the needs for orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yi
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuqin Zhang
- Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chulei Ni
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Qian
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jun Zhang, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, No 44-1, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 531 8838 2070, Fax +86 531 8295 0194, Email
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Davis BB, Bayirli B, Ramsay DS, Turpin DL, Paige A, Riedy CA. “Why do you want your child to have braces?” Investigating the motivations of Hispanic/Latino and white parents. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 148:771-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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van Wezel NA, Bos A, Prahl C. Expectations of treatment and satisfaction with dentofacial appearance in patients applying for orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 147:698-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tang X, Cai J, Lin B, Yao L, Lin F. Motivation of adult female patients seeking orthodontic treatment: an application of Q-methodology. Patient Prefer Adherence 2015; 9:249-56. [PMID: 25709410 PMCID: PMC4332290 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s78691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motivation is the impetus for patients to seek orthodontic treatment, affecting adherence, treatment outcomes, and satisfaction. The aim of this study was to assess the motivation of adult female patients seeking orthodontic treatment, and classify the patients according to their motivations. METHODS This study used Q-methodology as the main tool. Q-samples were collected and categorized (35 items). Forty-two adult female patients were interviewed before treatment as the P-sample, and their responses were categorized into the Q-methodology grid. Participants were asked to rank-order a set of 35 statements (Q-sample) from "agree most" to "disagree most" (Q-sorting). The finished Q-grids were analyzed using PQ method 2.35. RESULTS Four main factors were identified based on how adult female patients ranked statements: factor 1, patients who focus on their self-perception of their appearance; factor 2, patients who are concerned about the esthetics and function of their teeth; factor 3, patients who are easily influenced by others; factor 4, patients who want to improve their confidence and avoid negative thoughts caused by their teeth. The remaining patients who had other views did not match any of the above four groups. CONCLUSION The motivations of adult female patients seeking orthodontic treatment are complex. This study found that most adult female patients fell into one of four typical factor groups. Our findings may improve the adherence of adult female patients by developing a more ideal treatment program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Tang
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Lu Cheng District, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Cai
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Lu Cheng District, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beibei Lin
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Lu Cheng District, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linjie Yao
- Department of Pedodontics, Wenzhou Medical University, Lu Cheng District, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feiou Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Lu Cheng District, People’s Republic of China
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Yao L, Xu X, Ni Z, Zheng M, Lin F. Use of Q methodology to assess the concerns of adult female individuals seeking orthodontic treatment. Patient Prefer Adherence 2015; 9:47-55. [PMID: 25609926 PMCID: PMC4293921 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s74104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthodontic treatment may cause functional restrictions, discomfort, and pain, which may lead to dental anxiety and noncooperation among patients. This study aimed to assess the concerns of adult female patients with respect to such treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted an explorative study using Q methodology among 40 adult female patients with different educational and social backgrounds in Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. We asked participants to rank a set of 41 statements about seeking orthodontic treatment on an 11-point scale from "agree most" to "disagree most". The collected data were analyzed using the PQ Method 2.35 program. We extracted significant viewpoints using centroid factor extraction and varimax rotation. RESULTS We identified major factors based on how the patients ranked statements. Patients in group 1 worried about lack of information about orthodontic treatment, and may have suffered from dental phobia; patients in group 2 were all single women, and they were worried that the braces might lower their chances of finding a partner; patients in group 3 worried about appearance and speech with braces; and patients in group 4 worried about cost, pain, and dental hygiene. The remaining participants who had other viewpoints did not load to any of these four groups. CONCLUSION The concerns of adult female individuals seeking orthodontic treatment are complex. A significant feature of this study was using Q methodology to analyze the psychological characteristics of the patients. This study identified four typical characterizations that are associated with each group, and our findings may aid orthodontists in improving doctor-patient relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Yao
- Department of Pedodontics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingqiao Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Ni
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minling Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feiou Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Feiou Lin, Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, 113 Xue Yuan West Road, Lu Cheng District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 577 8806 3012, Fax +86 577 8806 3666, Email
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Lin F, Sun H, Ni Z, Zheng M, Yao L. A feasible method to improve adherence of Hawley retainer in adolescent orthodontic patients: a randomized controlled trial. Patient Prefer Adherence 2015; 9:1525-30. [PMID: 26604705 PMCID: PMC4630201 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s94111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retention is an important component of orthodontic treatment; however, poor compliance with retainer use is often encountered, especially in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to prove the hypothesis that verbal instructions combined with images showing the severe consequences of poor compliance can increase retainer use. METHODS This study was a randomized controlled trial. The sample was recruited from Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, between February 2013 and May 2014, and 326 participants were randomized into three groups. Patients and parents in Group A (n=106) were given routine retainer wear instructions only; in Group B (n=111), images illustrating the severe consequences of poor compliance with Hawley retainer use were shown to patients, combined with routine instructions; and in Group C (n=109), images illustrating the severe consequences of poor compliance with Hawley retainer use were shown to patients and parents, combined with routine instructions. Three months after debonding, questionnaires were used to investigate daily wear time and the reasons for poor compliance. Differences in means between the groups were tested by one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS The mean daily wear time in Group C (15.09±4.13 hours) was significantly greater than in Group A (12.37±4.58 hours, P<0.01) or Group B (13.50±4.22 hours, P<0.05); the mean daily wear time in Group B was greater than in Group A, but was not significant (P=0.67). Reasons for nonusage were forgetting to wear the retainer (51%) and finding the retainer bothersome to frequently insert and remove (42%). CONCLUSION Verbal instructions combined with images showing the severe consequences of poor compliance can increase retainer use. Parents play an important role in compliance with retainer use in adolescent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiou Lin
- Orthodontic Department, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Sun
- Orthodontic Department, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Ni
- Orthodontic Department, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minling Zheng
- Orthodontic Department, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linjie Yao
- Pedodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Linjie Yao, Pedodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, No 113 West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 577 8806 3008, Fax +86 577 8806 3008, Email
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Newton JT, Cunningham SJ. Great expectations: What do patients expect and how can expectations be managed? J Orthod 2014; 40:112-7. [DOI: 10.1179/1465313312y.0000000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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