1
|
Goh PKT, Pulemotov A, Nguyen H, Pinto N, Olive R. Treatment duration by morphology and location of impacted maxillary canines: A cone-beam computed tomography investigation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2024; 166:160-170. [PMID: 38795106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to identify whether patients with impacted maxillary canines take longer to treat than orthodontic patients without an impacted canine. We also sought to identify factors that are predictive of increased treatment duration in patients with impacted maxillary canines and treated by surgical exposure. METHODS A retrospective investigation of 37 patients with an impacted maxillary canine, treated by surgical exposure and fixed appliance therapy, was undertaken. In addition, an age- and sex-matched control group of 39 patients (without impacted canines) was also collected. Patient age, sex, and total treatment duration were recorded. For patients with an impacted canine, patient records and pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography datasets were assessed. Point coordinates identifying relevant landmarks were recorded, and a geometric method was used to calculate variables describing canine location, orientation, and apical morphology. RESULTS Controlling for age and sex, linear regression identified a statistically significant increase in treatment duration of 46.7 and 41.5 weeks for palatal and labial/midalveolar impacted canines, respectively, vs controls (P <0.002). Age and sex of patients with impacted canines collectively affected treatment duration (P = 0.04), with females of increased age being treated faster than younger males. Rotation of the impacted canine crown had a highly significant effect on treatment duration, with every degree of rotation increasing treatment duration by 0.32 weeks (P <0.001). There was a significant degree of multicollinearity between the other radiographic variables. Collectively, radiographic variables describing canine displacement significantly prolonged treatment duration (P <0.001) and explained 29.8% of the variability in total treatment time. The apical morphology of impacted maxillary canines was significantly associated with increased treatment duration (P = 0.01) and explained 11.3% of the overall treatment variability (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Increased total treatment duration of surgically exposed impacted maxillary canines is associated with increasing mesiopalatal canine crown rotation, worsening displacement, and hooked apical morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Kia Teng Goh
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Artem Pulemotov
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hien Nguyen
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Neil Pinto
- Private practice, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Olive
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim J, Jung S, Lee KJ, Yu HS, Park W. Forced eruption in impacted teeth: analysis of failed cases and outcome of re-operation. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:254. [PMID: 38378499 PMCID: PMC10877739 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03963-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forced eruption of an impacted tooth usually requires surgical and orthodontic interventions to successfully bring the tooth into the dental arch. The clinical time required for a forced eruption is difficult to predict before treatment begins and success rates are affected by several factors before and after an eruption. This study was conducted to identify factors that affect the success of forced eruption, the duration of orthodontic treatment of impacted teeth, and the reasons for re-operation and forced eruption failure in a various teeth and cases. METHODS In this retrospective study, the records regarding the forced eruption of 468 teeth in 371 patients from June 2006 to May 2020 at the Advanced General Dentistry Department of Yonsei University Dental Hospital were initially examined. The records of 214 teeth in 178 patients who completed orthodontic treatment were included in the analysis. Data on patient demographics, tooth characteristics, orthodontic treatment duration, re-operations, and failures were collected from electronic medical records. RESULTS There was a significant difference in age between the success and failure forced eruption. Factors significantly affecting treatment duration were apex formation, position, rotation, and re-operation. Re-operation had a 96% success rate. The average orthodontic treatment duration was 29.99 ± 16.93 months, but the average orthodontic treatment duration for teeth that undergone re-operation was 20.36 ± 11.05 months, which was approximately 9 months shorter. Additionally, there was an interaction effect between rotation and re-operation on the duration of orthodontic treatment. The causes for failure of forced eruption in 6 cases were ankyloses (3 cases), incomplete alignment with the normal dental arch (2 cases), and a significant deviation in the impacted tooth's location (1 case). CONCLUSIONS To increase the success rate of forced eruption, age should be considered as a priority, and in order to predict the treatment period, the apex formation status, position in the arch, and rotation should be considered in addition to age. When determining re-operation, considering factors such as ankylosis, root curvature, and apex formation can help in the success of orthodontic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyeon Kim
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seoyeon Jung
- Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun‑gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kee-Joon Lee
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun‑gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Seog Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun‑gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonse Park
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
- Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jeong SH, Woo MW, Shin DS, Yeom HG, Lim HJ, Kim BC, Yun JP. Three-Dimensional Postoperative Results Prediction for Orthognathic Surgery through Deep Learning-Based Alignment Network. J Pers Med 2022; 12:998. [PMID: 35743782 PMCID: PMC9225553 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, for the diagnosis of dentofacial dysmorphosis, we have relied almost entirely on reference points, planes, and angles. This is time consuming, and it is also greatly influenced by the skill level of the practitioner. To solve this problem, we wanted to know if deep neural networks could predict postoperative results of orthognathic surgery without relying on reference points, planes, and angles. We use three-dimensional point cloud data of the skull of 269 patients. The proposed method has two main stages for prediction. In step 1, the skull is divided into six parts through the segmentation network. In step 2, three-dimensional transformation parameters are predicted through the alignment network. The ground truth values of transformation parameters are calculated through the iterative closest points (ICP), which align the preoperative part of skull to the corresponding postoperative part of skull. We compare pointnet, pointnet++ and pointconv for the feature extractor of the alignment network. Moreover, we design a new loss function, which considers the distance error of transformed points for a better accuracy. The accuracy, mean intersection over union (mIoU), and dice coefficient (DC) of the first segmentation network, which divides the upper and lower part of skull, are 0.9998, 0.9994, and 0.9998, respectively. For the second segmentation network, which divides the lower part of skull into 5 parts, they were 0.9949, 0.9900, 0.9949, respectively. The mean absolute error of transverse, anterior-posterior, and vertical distance of part 2 (maxilla) are 0.765 mm, 1.455 mm, and 1.392 mm, respectively. For part 3 (mandible), they were 1.069 mm, 1.831 mm, and 1.375 mm, respectively, and for part 4 (chin), they were 1.913 mm, 2.340 mm, and 1.257 mm, respectively. From this study, postoperative results can now be easily predicted by simply entering the point cloud data of computed tomography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun Jeong
- Advanced Mechatronics R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Gyeongsan 38408, Korea; (S.H.J.); (M.W.W.)
| | - Min Woo Woo
- Advanced Mechatronics R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Gyeongsan 38408, Korea; (S.H.J.); (M.W.W.)
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Dong Sun Shin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Daejeon Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Daejeon 35233, Korea; (D.S.S.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Han Gyeol Yeom
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Daejeon Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Daejeon 35233, Korea;
| | - Hun Jun Lim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Daejeon Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Daejeon 35233, Korea; (D.S.S.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Bong Chul Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Daejeon Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Daejeon 35233, Korea; (D.S.S.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Jong Pil Yun
- Advanced Mechatronics R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Gyeongsan 38408, Korea; (S.H.J.); (M.W.W.)
- KITECH School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gunardi OJ, Danudiningrat CP, Rizqiawan A, Mulyawan I, Amir MS, Kamadjaja DB, Sumarta NPM, Anugraha G, Fessi RA, Barus L, Ono S. Decision-Making Criteria of Odontectomy or Surgical Exposure in Impacted Maxillary Canine Based on Treatment Difficulty Index Modification. Eur J Dent 2022; 16:796-802. [PMID: 35016233 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Canine impaction is a difficult condition to treat, and it usually necessitates a combination of surgical exposure and orthodontic traction or surgical extraction. An accurate assessment of the maxillary canine's position can help determine the severity of the impaction, the difficulty of therapy, and the treatment's prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 55 impacted canines were studied and selected retrospectively. Difficulty indexes were used to measure the severity of impaction with pretreatment panoramic radiographs. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Pearson correlation was used to test the validity of the difficulty index modification score. Regression statistical analysis was used to evaluate any correlation between total scoring from each index with surgical treatment. RESULTS The validity test on the variable modification index score showed a valid value (p = 0.000). According to both treatment difficulty and modification index, odontectomy group showed higher mean of total scoring than surgical exposure group. Treatment difficulty and modification index showed a significant correlation with surgical treatment (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The higher the severity of canine impaction, the greater is the possibility of odontectomy than surgical exposure. Both indexes can consider to be used in determining surgical treatment planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Jennifer Gunardi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Coen Pramono Danudiningrat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Andra Rizqiawan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Indra Mulyawan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Subhan Amir
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - David Buntoro Kamadjaja
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ni Putu Mira Sumarta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ganendra Anugraha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Reza Al Fessi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Liska Barus
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Shigehiro Ono
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School and Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Köseoğlu Seçgin C, Karslıoğlu H, Özemre MÖ, Orhan K. Gray value measurement for the evaluation of local alveolar bone density around impacted maxillary canine teeth using cone beam computed tomography. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2021; 26:e669-e675. [PMID: 34162816 PMCID: PMC8412450 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.24677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate whether any relationship between local alveolar bone density and maxillary canine impaction using gray values from cone beam computed tomography. Material and Methods The cone beam computed tomography images of 151 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Maxillary canine was defined as an impacted tooth when root formation was complete and the patient’s age older than 13 or the other side of the maxillary canine has completely erupted. Similarly, complete eruption was defined as the tooth in its expected occlusion and position. Using the cone beam computed tomography software, the region of interest which was 5 mm2 in area, was placed in the trabecular bone on cross sectional cone beam computed tomography images and the gray value measurements were recorded. After measuring the gray values of all the teeth, the images were grouped according to the field of view size. Comparison of the gray values of impacted and non-impacted teeth was made between images with the same field of view size. Results A total of 151 patients, 101 (66.9%) female and 50 (33.1%) male, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 24.94 ±13.9. In images with a 40X40 field of view, the gray values of the impacted canine teeth were higher than the gray values of the non-impacted ones and statistically significant difference was found between them (p=0.003). However no statistically significant difference was found between the gray values of impacted and non-impacted canine teeth in 60x60 and 100x50 field of view (p=0.197, p=0.170, respectively). Conclusions We suggest using the smallest field of view size when evaluating bone density using gray values from cone beam computed tomography images and we support the idea that the local increased bone density may influence on impaction. Key words:Cone-beam computed tomography, tooth, impacted, bone density, maxilla, image processing, computer-assisted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Köseoğlu Seçgin
- Baskent University, Faculty of Dentistry Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Yukarı Bahçelievler Mah. 82. Sokak No: 26 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodríguez-Cárdenas YA, Arriola-Guillén LE, Aliaga-Del Castillo A, Ruíz-Mora GA, Janson G, Cevidanes L, Ruellas AC, Yatabe M, Dias-Da Silveira HL. Three-dimensional changes in root angulation of buccal versus palatal maxillary impacted canines after orthodontic traction: A retrospective before and after study. Int Orthod 2021; 19:216-227. [PMID: 33967011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to three-dimensionally compare the root angulation changes after orthodontic traction of buccally versus palatally maxillary impacted canines (MICs). MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study included patients from a private dental office of both sexes, older than 12 years, with at least one unilateral or bilateral buccal or palatal MIC, no loss of permanent teeth, with complete apical closure at the beginning of traction, and with CBCTs taken at pretreatment (T0) and after orthodontic traction (T1). The sample was divided in two groups according to their impaction site: buccal versus palatal. In all the scans, the MIC was segmented and the root angulation changes after traction were evaluated. The assessment included the sigma angle (projected on the XZ plane or coronal tomographic view), the delta angle (projected on the XY plane or axial view) and the epsilon angle (projected on the YZ plane, or sagittal view). Intragroup comparisons were performed with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Intergroup comparisons were performed with t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests. Finally, the influence of MIC characteristics on the measured angles were evaluated with multiple linear regression analyses (α=0.05). RESULTS Thirty-three patients (16 men, mean age: 20.38; 17 women, mean age 18.37) with forty-five orthodontically treated MIC (19 buccal versus 26 palatal) were finally included. The palatal MICs showed greater mediolateral uprighting than the buccal MICs, root displacement towards the midsagittal plane, as demonstrated by the sigma angle (palatal group: 37.58±15.08°; buccal group: 29.17±31.15°; P=0.164) and delta (palatal group: -76.90±26.55°; buccal group: -30.56±41.67°; P<0.001)angle changes. The buccal MICs showed greater anteroposterior uprighting, anterior root displacement, as demonstrated by the epsilon angle (palatal group: -4.63±12.37°; buccal group: -25.96±17.79°; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Mediolateral and anteroposterior root angulation show significant differences after traction between buccal and palatal MICs. Palatal MICs showed greater medial root displacement while buccal MICs showed greater anterior root displacement. This condition should be considered for better planning of traction and orthodontic finishing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalil Augusto Rodríguez-Cárdenas
- Universidad Científica del Sur, School of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Lima, Peru; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Orthodontics, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Luis Ernesto Arriola-Guillén
- Universidad Científica del Sur, School of Dentistry, Division of Orthodontics and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Gustavo Armando Ruíz-Mora
- Universidad Científica del Sur, School of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Lima, Peru; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Orthodontics, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Guilherme Janson
- University of São Paulo, Bauru Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Lucia Cevidanes
- University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Antonio Carlos Ruellas
- University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marilia Yatabe
- University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jeong SH, Yun JP, Yeom HG, Kim HK, Kim BC. Deep-Learning-Based Detection of Cranio-Spinal Differences between Skeletal Classification Using Cephalometric Radiography. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:591. [PMID: 33806132 PMCID: PMC8064489 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to reveal cranio-spinal differences between skeletal classification using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Transverse and longitudinal cephalometric images of 832 patients were used for training and testing of CNNs (365 males and 467 females). Labeling was performed such that the jawbone was sufficiently masked, while the parts other than the jawbone were minimally masked. DenseNet was used as the feature extractor. Five random sampling crossvalidations were performed for two datasets. The average and maximum accuracy of the five crossvalidations were 90.43% and 92.54% for test 1 (evaluation of the entire posterior-anterior (PA) and lateral cephalometric images) and 88.17% and 88.70% for test 2 (evaluation of the PA and lateral cephalometric images obscuring the mandible). In this study, we found that even when jawbones of class I (normal mandible), class II (retrognathism), and class III (prognathism) are masked, their identification is possible through deep learning applied only in the cranio-spinal area. This suggests that cranio-spinal differences between each class exist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun Jeong
- Safety System Research Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Gyeongsan 38408, Korea; (S.H.J.); (J.P.Y.)
| | - Jong Pil Yun
- Safety System Research Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Gyeongsan 38408, Korea; (S.H.J.); (J.P.Y.)
| | - Han-Gyeol Yeom
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon 35233, Korea;
| | - Hwi Kang Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon 35233, Korea;
| | - Bong Chul Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon 35233, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|