1
|
Londero AP, Bertozzi S, Messina G, Xholli A, Michelerio V, Mariuzzi L, Prefumo F, Cagnacci A. Exploring the mystical relationship between the Moon, Sun, and birth rate. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:454. [PMID: 38951765 PMCID: PMC11218357 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Moon has a noticeable influence on the Earth due to its gravity, the most visible manifestation of which are tides. We aimed to see if the Moon's daily cycle, like the Sun's, affects the prevalence and incidence of childbirth. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we examined all deliveries at the Academic Hospital of Udine between 2001 and 2019. All consecutive singleton pregnancies with spontaneous labor and vaginal delivery were included. RESULTS During the period, 13,349 singleton pregnancies with spontaneous labor and vaginal delivery were delivered in 6939 days. A significantly higher prevalence of deliveries was found with the Moon above the horizon (50.63% vs. 49.37%, p < 0.05). Moreover, during the day, there was a significantly higher prevalence of deliveries than during nighttime (53.74% vs. 45.79%, p < 0.05). Combining the Moon and Sun altitude, the majority of deliveries were registered when both were above the horizon (27.39% vs. 26.13%, 23.25%, or 23.24%, p < 0.05). These findings were confirmed in multivariate analysis after adjusting for parity, gestational age, or season. We found no correlation between birth and the Moon phase. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the interaction of the Moon and the Sun in determining the time of birth. More research is needed to understand these phenomena and improve our understanding of labor initiation mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambrogio P Londero
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health, University of Genoa, Genova, GE, 16132, Italy.
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, 5, Genova, GE, 16147, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health, University of Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, Genova, GE, 16132, Italy.
| | - Serena Bertozzi
- Breast Unit, Academic Hospital of Udine, Udine, UD, 33100, Italy
| | | | - Anjeza Xholli
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale San Martino, Genoa, 16132, Italy
| | - Virginia Michelerio
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health, University of Genoa, Genova, GE, 16132, Italy
| | - Laura Mariuzzi
- Institute of Pathologic Anatomy, DAME, Academic Hospital of Udine, Udine, UD, 33100, Italy
| | - Federico Prefumo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, 5, Genova, GE, 16147, Italy
| | - Angelo Cagnacci
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health, University of Genoa, Genova, GE, 16132, Italy
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale San Martino, Genoa, 16132, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tumajer J, Braun S, Burger A, Scharnweber T, Smiljanic M, Walthert L, Zweifel R, Wilmking M. Dendrometers challenge the 'moon wood concept' by elucidating the absence of lunar cycles in tree stem radius oscillation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19904. [PMID: 37963987 PMCID: PMC10645754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood is a sustainable natural resource and an important global commodity. According to the 'moon wood theory', the properties of wood, including its growth and water content, are believed to oscillate with the lunar cycle. Despite contradicting our current understanding of plant functioning, this theory is commonly exploited for marketing wooden products. To examine the moon wood theory, we applied a wavelet power transformation to series of 2,000,000 hourly stem radius records from dendrometers. We separated the influence of 74 consecutive lunar cycles and meteorological conditions on the stem variation of 62 trees and six species. We show that the dynamics of stem radius consist of overlapping oscillations with periods of 1 day, 6 months, and 1 year. These oscillations in stem dimensions were tightly coupled to oscillations in the series of air temperature and vapour pressure deficit. By contrast, we revealed no imprint of the lunar cycle on the stem radius variation of any species. We call for scepticism towards the moon wood theory, at least as far as the stem water content and radial growth are concerned. We foresee that similar studies employing robust scientific approaches will be increasingly needed in the future to cope with misleading concepts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Tumajer
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, 17487, Greifswald, Germany.
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12843, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Sabine Braun
- Institute for Applied Plant Biology AG, Benkenstrasse 254a, 4108, Witterswil, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Burger
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tobias Scharnweber
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marko Smiljanic
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lorenz Walthert
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Roman Zweifel
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Martin Wilmking
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gudziunaite S, Moshammer H. Temporal patterns of weekly births and conceptions predicted by meteorology, seasonal variation, and lunar phases. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2022; 134:538-545. [PMID: 35608674 PMCID: PMC9300502 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-022-02038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Data reporting the number of births given by women resident in Vienna for each week between 1999 and 2019, and the duration (in weeks) of their pregnancies, were used to estimate the week of conception. When preliminary examinations detected cyclical patterns for births and conceptions, a series of Poisson regressions for births and conceptions were performed to assess whether these cycles could be associated with lunar or solar phases. Methods To that end 2 sine-cosine functions, 1 with a wavelength of 1 year (365.25 days) and 1 with a wavelength of 29.529 days, the latter resembling the average length of a lunar cycle, were constructed. In addition, also average weekly temperatures were included in the models. Results Same week temperature was a strong non-linear predictor for both births and conceptions. Extreme temperatures, especially hot temperatures, increased the number of births while the numbers of successful conceptions were decreased by extreme temperatures. Regarding annual variation in conceptions, the lowest values were found in May and the highest in late autumn and early winter. Therefore, the highest numbers of births are observed in the summer. As per lunar variations, the highest numbers of conceptions occurred at the full moon and the highest numbers of births at the waxing crescent to first quarter moon. Discussion The latter results should be treated with caution, as they are not hypothesis driven. Furthermore, literature reports on this topic are conflicting. Nevertheless, these findings will be useful in further analyses examining air pollution effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gudziunaite
- Department of Environmental Health, ZPH, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, BASc, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hanns Moshammer
- Department of Environmental Health, ZPH, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Hygiene, Medical University of Karakalpakstan, Nukus, Uzbekistan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alberghina D, Gioè M, Quartuccio M, Liotta L. The influence of lunar cycle at the time of conception on sex offspring distribution in dogs. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1517-1521. [PMID: 34082624 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1933001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of seasonal variation and lunar cycles on reproductive parameters in dogs is unknown. Lunar cycles have important effects on several biological events. Controversy exists about the influence of lunar cycles on offspring sex ratio. This study examined the sex offspring distribution of 973 puppies (48% females and 52% males) from 150 bitches in Italy between 2015 and 2020. A two-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc t-test (Bonferroni correction) was used to analyze the influence of season and lunar phase on offspring sex ratio at conception. Sex offspring distribution was not affected by season, whereas lunar phase had a significant effect (p< .05). During the new moon, the proportion of male puppies born was significantly lower than during the full moon phase (p < .05). We conclude that season had no effect on sex offspring distribution. The new moon phase at conception appeared to be related to a lower male sex ratio at birth. Further studies assessing additional factors will help provide a better understanding of the lunar cycle differences observed in the sex ratio distribution of dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Alberghina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mauro Gioè
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Sistema Nervoso e del Comportamento, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Quartuccio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yan K, Men J, Wang Y, Zhong L. Relationship of the lunar cycle with Down's syndrome screening and its effects. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23792. [PMID: 33350765 PMCID: PMC7769297 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the positive rate of Down syndrome in second-trimester pregnant women in 1 lunar cycle and calculate variation coefficients of daily person numbers and daily positive rates in this population so as to explore the relationship of the lunar cycle with Down syndrome screening and its effects.Data and laboratory results of 51,450 second-trimester pregnant women who underwent Down syndrome screening between May 2013 and June 2017 of the Chinese lunar calendar were collected. The patients were allocated into groups according to the time period of the lunar cycle based on the start date of their last menstruation. In the Chinese lunar calendar, 1 lunar cycle is divided into eight time periods. The positive rate of Down syndrome in pregnant women with the same start date of last menstruation and changes in their variation coefficients of daily person numbers and daily positive rates were analyzed.The findings displayed the lowest positive rate of Down syndrome in the group of pregnant women who had the start date of last menstruation within the full-moon time period. The greatest variation coefficients of daily person numbers and daily positive rates were also found in the same group.The study showed that the moon indeed affected pregnant women, and the effect reached the peak by the full moon. The effect interfered with the body homeostasis of pregnant women to a certain degree. Therefore, the relationship of the lunar cycle with Down syndrome screening reflected the interaction of the moon with the homeostasis of pregnant women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yan
- Gansu Center for Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
| | - Juan Men
- North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Gansu Center for Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
| | - Lanjun Zhong
- Gansu Center for Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morales-Luengo F, Salamanca-Zarzuela B, Urueña SM, García CE, Carboner SC. External influences on birth deliveries: Lunar gravitational and meteorological effects. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
7
|
Matsumoto SI, Shirahashi K. Novel perspectives on the influence of the lunar cycle on the timing of full-term human births. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1082-1089. [PMID: 32703035 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1785485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
It is claimed by some that the number of births occurring at the time of the full moon is greater than other phases of the lunar cycle; however, many publications fail to substantiate the claim leading to the conclusion it is myth. We tested using a novel approach the null hypotheses: (i) human birth is not lunar cycle-dependent and (ii) the number of births occurring at or around the time of the full moon is not different from the number occurring at the time of the other phases of the lunar cycle. We reviewed the birth records from 1 January 1996 to 16 March 2007 of the obstetric department of our hospital, which was then located in a relatively undeveloped area of Fukutsu city in Fukuoka Prefecture of southern Japan. A total of 1507 births satisfied all inclusion criteria, among others, being full-term and following spontaneously initiated labor. When the birth data were analyzed as done by other investigators, i.e. total number of births per lunar day, lunar phase was not found to be influential. However, more detailed analyses on the subset of babies born specifically during the nighttime hours (N = 362) revealed the number of births varied in relation specifically to the changing amount of moonlight during the nighttime at different stages of the lunar cycle, with highest number of births at or around the time of the full moon. In contrast, analyses on the subset of babies born specifically during the daytime hours (N = 377) revealed the number of births varied in relation specifically to the changing amount moonlight during the daytime at different stages of the lunar cycle, with the highest number of births at or around the time of the new moon. The initiation and culmination of human birth are typically a nocturnal process. The findings of this investigation are consistent with the hypothesis natural nighttime parturition is influenced by lunar phase, particularly the full moon, and, thus, they are consistent with the belief the moon exerts an affect upon the timing of human birth. We speculate the long-hold belief of the association between birth and lunar phase may be based on historical observations that in the absence of artificial light at night nocturnal births occurred in elevated number when the full moon brightly illuminated the nighttime sky.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichiro Matsumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Munakata Suikokai General Hospital , Fukutsu, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Shirahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Munakata Suikokai General Hospital , Fukutsu, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Morales-Luengo F, Salamanca-Zarzuela B, Marín Urueña S, Escribano García C, Caserío Carbonero S. [External influences on birth deliveries: Lunar gravitational and meteorological effects]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 93:367-373. [PMID: 32278668 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of external factors such as lunar and meteorological effects on the frequency of birth deliveries. It includes the lunar gravitational force using the scarcely investigated lunar apogee and perigee (furthest and closest distance to earth, respectively). MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of all spontaneous single deliveries during a 4 year period (2015-2018). A statistical analysis was performed on the relationship of the deliveries using birth rates with qualitative lunar variables (four classic phases, lunar apogee- perigee, and super moons) and quantitative atmospheric variables (mean atmospheric pressures, mean temperature, and mean wind velocity). RESULTS No relationship was found between the variables studied and the birth rate. There were periods with more births in the months of May and June. CONCLUSION Despite the myth on the meteorological, and in particular, the lunar influence on birth deliveries, no statistical association was found to support this. Furthermore, the classic moon phases and the lunar gravitational force do not seem to trigger birth delivery either.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Marín Urueña
- Unidad de Neonatología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, España
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Berghella V, Di Mascio D. Evidence-based labor management: before labor (Part 1). Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2019; 2:100080. [PMID: 33345992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2019.100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In preparation for labor and delivery, there is high-quality evidence for providers to recommend perineal massage with oil for 5-10 minutes daily starting at 34 weeks until labor; ≥1 daily sets of repeated voluntary contractions of the pelvic floor muscles, performed at least several days of the week starting at approximately 30-32 weeks gestation; no x-ray pelvimetry; sweeping of membranes weekly starting at 37-38 weeks gestation; for women with a risk factor for abnormal outcome plans should be made to deliver in a hospital setting; for low-risk women, alongside birth center birth is associated with maternal benefits and higher satisfaction, compared with hospital birth; midwife-led care for low-risk women; continuous support by a professional such as doula, midwife, or nurse during labor; and training of birth attendants in low- and middle-income countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Berghella
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Daniele Di Mascio
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sasaki Y, Kitai N, Uematsu M, Kitahara G, Osawa T. Daily calving frequency and preterm calving is not associated with lunar cycle but preterm calving is associated with weather conditions in Japanese Black cows. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220255. [PMID: 31335883 PMCID: PMC6650079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several external factors including lunar cycle and weather conditions might be associated with calving conditions. Our objective here was to determine the effects of lunar cycle and weather conditions on calving frequency and the occurrence of preterm calving in Japanese Black cows. Calving records were obtained from 905 farms in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. Data were collected from 41,116 calvings. We conducted two studies: Study 1 investigated the effects of lunar cycle and weather conditions on daily calving frequency (DCF) with the observational unit of each day and Study 2 investigated those effects on the occurrence of preterm calving with the observational unit for each calving. Preterm calving was defined by whether or not a cow calving before 280 days of gestation, lower 10th percentile of gestation length of the collected data, and by whether or not a cow calving before 289 days of gestation, median of the gestation length. For Study 1, lunar cycle was not associated with DCF in all cows, in only primiparous cows and in only multiparous cows. As well as lunar cycle, weather conditions such as temperature, diurnal temperature variation, the temperature-humidity index, precipitation amount, barometric pressure, relative humidity and solar radiation, were also not associated with DCF. For Study 2, lunar cycle phases were not associated with the occurrence of preterm calving. However, preterm calving was associated with all of the weather conditions (P < 0.05) except for precipitation amounts and solar radiation. Temperature, the temperature-humidity index and relative humidity were positively associated with the occurrence of preterm calving. In contrast, diurnal temperature variations and barometric pressure were negatively associated with the occurrence of preterm calving. In conclusion, the lunar cycle was not associated with DCF and preterm calving, but the weather conditions were associated with preterm calving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Sasaki
- Department of Animal and Grassland Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Narumi Kitai
- Department of Animal and Grassland Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Mizuho Uematsu
- Miyazaki Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Go Kitahara
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Osawa
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Marco-Gracia FJ. The influence of the lunar cycle on spontaneous deliveries in historical rural environments. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2019; 236:22-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
12
|
Yonezawa T, Uchida M, Tomioka M, Matsuki N. Lunar Cycle Influences Spontaneous Delivery in Cows. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161735. [PMID: 27580019 PMCID: PMC5006988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a popular belief that the lunar cycle influences spontaneous delivery in both humans and cattle. To assess this relationship, we investigated the synodic distribution of spontaneous deliveries in domestic Holstein cows. We used retrospective data from 428 spontaneous, full-term deliveries within a three-year period derived from the calving records of a private farm in Hokkaido, Japan. Spontaneous birth frequency increased uniformly from the new moon to the full moon phase and decreased until the waning crescent phase. There was a statistically significant peak between the waxing gibbous and full moon phases compared with those between the last quarter and the waning crescent. These changes were clearly observed in deliveries among multiparous cows, whereas they were not evident in deliveries among nulliparous cows. These data suggest the utility of dairy cows as models for bio-meteorological studies, and indicate that monitoring lunar phases may facilitate comprehensive understanding of parturition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yonezawa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Mona Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Tomioka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Naoaki Matsuki
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Menon R, Bonney EA, Condon J, Mesiano S, Taylor RN. Novel concepts on pregnancy clocks and alarms: redundancy and synergy in human parturition. Hum Reprod Update 2016; 22:535-60. [PMID: 27363410 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmw022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The signals and mechanisms that synchronize the timing of human parturition remain a mystery and a better understanding of these processes is essential to avert adverse pregnancy outcomes. Although our insights into human labor initiation have been informed by studies in animal models, the timing of parturition relative to fetal maturation varies among viviparous species, indicative of phylogenetically different clocks and alarms; but what is clear is that important common pathways must converge to control the birth process. For example, in all species, parturition involves the transition of the myometrium from a relaxed to a highly excitable state, where the muscle rhythmically and forcefully contracts, softening the cervical extracellular matrix to allow distensibility and dilatation and thus a shearing of the fetal membranes to facilitate their rupture. We review a number of theories promulgated to explain how a variety of different timing mechanisms, including fetal membrane cell senescence, circadian endocrine clocks, and inflammatory and mechanical factors, are coordinated as initiators and effectors of parturition. Many of these factors have been independently described with a focus on specific tissue compartments.In this review, we put forth the core hypothesis that fetal membrane (amnion and chorion) senescence is the initiator of a coordinated, redundant signal cascade leading to parturition. Whether modified by oxidative stress or other factors, this process constitutes a counting device, i.e. a clock, that measures maturation of the fetal organ systems and the production of hormones and other soluble mediators (including alarmins) and that promotes inflammation and orchestrates an immune cascade to propagate signals across different uterine compartments. This mechanism in turn sensitizes decidual responsiveness and eventually promotes functional progesterone withdrawal in the myometrium, leading to increased myometrial cell contraction and the triggering of parturition. Linkage of these processes allows convergence and integration of the gestational clocks and alarms, prompting a timely and safe birth. In summary, we provide a comprehensive synthesis of the mediators that contribute to the timing of human labor. Integrating these concepts will provide a better understanding of human parturition and ultimately improve pregnancy outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., MRB, Room 11.138, Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Bonney
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 792 College Parkway, Fanny Allen Campus, Suite 101, Colchester, Burlington, VT 05446, USA
| | - Jennifer Condon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Perinatal Research Branch, NICHD, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Sam Mesiano
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Robert N Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ammann T, Hässig M, Rüegg S, Bleul U. Effects of meteorological factors and the lunar cycle on onset of parturition in cows. Prev Vet Med 2016; 126:11-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
Background Studies indicate that a fraction of nursing professionals believe in a “lunar effect”—a purported correlation between the phases of the Earth’s moon and human affairs, such as birth rates, blood loss, or fertility. Purpose This article addresses some of the methodological errors and cognitive biases that can explain the human tendency of perceiving a lunar effect where there is none. Approach This article reviews basic standards of evidence and, using an example from the published literature, illustrates how disregarding these standards can lead to erroneous conclusions. Findings Román, Soriano, Fuentes, Gálvez, and Fernández (2004) suggested that the number of hospital admissions related to gastrointestinal bleeding was somehow influenced by the phases of the Earth’s moon. Specifically, the authors claimed that the rate of hospital admissions to their bleeding unit is higher during the full moon than at other times. Their report contains a number of methodological and statistical flaws that invalidate their conclusions. Reanalysis of their data with proper procedures shows no evidence that the full moon influences the rate of hospital admissions, a result that is consistent with numerous peer-reviewed studies and meta-analyses. A review of the literature shows that birth rates are also uncorrelated to lunar phases. Conclusions Data collection and analysis shortcomings, as well as powerful cognitive biases, can lead to erroneous conclusions about the purported lunar effect on human affairs. Adherence to basic standards of evidence can help assess the validity of questionable beliefs.
Collapse
|
16
|
Association between lunar phase and sleep characteristics. Sleep Med 2014; 15:1411-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
17
|
Bauer TK, Bender S, Heining J, Schmidt CM. The lunar cycle, sunspots and the frequency of births in Germany, 1920-1989. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2013; 11:545-550. [PMID: 23261260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Based on multivariate linear regression models, we analyze the effect of the lunar cycle and the number of sunspots occurring on a particular day on the number of births using social security data and controlling for a number of other potential confounders. The daily numbers of births between 1920 and 1989 have been calculated from the full sample of individuals who have been registered at least once in the German social security system. While the lunar cycle does not affect the number of births, the number of sunspots is positively correlated to the number of births. The empirical results may be explained by medical technological progress making natural influences on births less important over time. This interpretation is supported by the results on the intertemporal influence of weekends and holidays on the frequency of daily births.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K Bauer
- Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (RWI Essen), Hohenzollernstr. 1-3, 45128 Essen, Germany; Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany; IZA Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sonmez O, Ertas G, Tasal A, Erdogan E, Turfan M, Vatankulu MA, Goktekin O. Moon effects women’s asleep cardiac autonomic function. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2012.731211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
19
|
Impact of the moon on cerebral aneurysm rupture. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2013; 155:1525-30. [PMID: 23702791 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-013-1740-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several external and internal risk factors for cerebral aneurysm rupture have been identified to date. Recently, it has been reported that moon phases correlate with the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), however, another author found no such association. Therefore, the present study investigates the influence of the lunar cycle on the incidence of aneurysmal rupture, the initial clinical presentation, and the amount of subarachnoid blood. METHODS Lunar phase and the particular day of the lunar cycle were correlated to the date of aneurysm rupture, aneurysm location, initial clinical presentation, and amount of subarachnoid blood assessed from CT scans of all patients treated for basal SAH in our department from 2003 to 2010. RESULTS We found no correlation between incidence of aneurysmal SAH, location of the aneurysm, initial clinical presentation, or amount of subarachnoid blood and the lunar cycle. CONCLUSIONS The moon influences neither the incidence of aneurysmal SAH nor the grade of initial neurological deterioration or amount of subarachnoid blood.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ochiai AM, Gonçalves FLT, Ambrizzi T, Florentino LC, Wei CY, Soares AVN, De Araujo NM, Gualda DMR. Atmospheric conditions, lunar phases, and childbirth: a multivariate analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2012; 56:661-667. [PMID: 21744100 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-011-0465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to assess extrinsic influences upon childbirth. In a cohort of 1,826 days containing 17,417 childbirths among them 13,252 spontaneous labor admissions, we studied the influence of environment upon the high incidence of labor (defined by 75th percentile or higher), analyzed by logistic regression. The predictors of high labor admission included increases in outdoor temperature (odds ratio: 1.742, P = 0.045, 95%CI: 1.011 to 3.001), and decreases in atmospheric pressure (odds ratio: 1.269, P = 0.029, 95%CI: 1.055 to 1.483). In contrast, increases in tidal range were associated with a lower probability of high admission (odds ratio: 0.762, P = 0.030, 95%CI: 0.515 to 0.999). Lunar phase was not a predictor of high labor admission (P = 0.339). Using multivariate analysis, increases in temperature and decreases in atmospheric pressure predicted high labor admission, and increases of tidal range, as a measurement of the lunar gravitational force, predicted a lower probability of high admission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Megumi Ochiai
- School of Arts, Science and Humanities-Midwifery Department, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo City, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Browand-Stainback L, Levesque D, McBee M. Canine and Feline Epileptic Seizures and the Lunar Cycle: 2,507 Seizures (2000–2008). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2011; 47:324-8. [DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-5591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Epileptic seizures in 211 canine and feline patients diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy were evaluated for temporal significance in relation to the lunar cycle. Seizure counts were compared among each of the eight individual lunar phases, among each of eight exact lunar phase dates, and by percent of lunar illumination using generalized estimating equations. No statistical significance was found in any of these comparisons excluding a relationship between the onset of epileptic seizures and the phases of the moon. Alteration in anticonvulsant treatment or monitoring of canine and feline patients with idiopathic epilepsy at large was not warranted based on the lunar cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Browand-Stainback
- Veterinary Neurological Center, Las Vegas, NV (L.B-S., D.L.); and Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (M.M.)
| | - Donald Levesque
- Veterinary Neurological Center, Las Vegas, NV (L.B-S., D.L.); and Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (M.M.)
| | - Matthew McBee
- Veterinary Neurological Center, Las Vegas, NV (L.B-S., D.L.); and Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Malek A, Ghezel M, Ahmadiasl N, Dastgiri S, Jassur DMZ, Nayebi AM. Influence of moon phases on serum level of sodium and lithium: a quasi-experimental study on rabbits. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2010.511136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
24
|
Hirsch E, Lim C, Dobrez D, Adams MG, Noble W. Meteorological factors and timing of the initiating event of human parturition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2011; 55:265-272. [PMID: 20526783 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-010-0332-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether meteorological factors are associated with the timing of either onset of labor with intact membranes or rupture of membranes prior to labor-together referred to as 'the initiating event' of parturition. All patients delivering at Evanston Hospital after spontaneous labor or rupture of membranes at ≥20 weeks of gestation over a 6-month period were studied. Logistic regression models of the initiating event of parturition using clinical variables (maternal age, gestational age, parity, multiple gestation and intrauterine infection) with and without the addition of meteorological variables (barometric pressure, temperature and humidity) were compared. A total of 1,088 patients met the inclusion criteria. Gestational age, multiple gestation and chorioamnionitis were associated with timing of initiation of parturition (P < 0.01). The addition of meteorological to clinical variables generated a statistically significant improvement in prediction of the initiating event; however, the magnitude of this improvement was small (less than 2% difference in receiver-operating characteristic score). These observations held regardless of parity, fetal number and gestational age. Meteorological factors are associated with the timing of parturition, but the magnitude of this association is small.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmet Hirsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Schmid M, Grimm C, Kuessel L, Wirth S, Worda C, Krampl-Bettelheim E. Lunar cycle and fetal nuchal translucency in the first trimester of pregnancy. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09291010903478053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
26
|
Wake R, Misugi T, Shimada K, Yoshiyama M. The effect of the gravitation of the moon on frequency of births. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2010; 4:65-69. [PMID: 20981136 PMCID: PMC2956479 DOI: 10.4137/ehi.s5525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the gravitation of the Moon on the frequency of births in Kyoto, Japan. A retrospective cohort analysis of 1007 consecutive births without the use of the induction agents was conducted on a population of births in a private midwife hospital from January, 1966 to December, 2000. There was a significant increase in the cases of births, when the gravitation of the Moon to the Earth was less than 31.5 N. Results of this study suggest that the gravitation of the Moon has an influence on the frequency of births.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takuya Misugi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bueno A, Iessi IL, Damasceno DC. Influência do ciclo lunar no parto: mito ou constatação científica? Rev Bras Enferm 2010; 63:477-9. [DOI: 10.1590/s0034-71672010000300021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Muitas superstições são encontradas em nossas vidas. Na medicina, uma profissão que se orgulha em métodos baseados em evidências para tratamentos, isso não é uma exceção. Uma superstição que abrange o parto é a influência de determinadas fases do ciclo da lua, mais especificamente a lua cheia. Embora estudos tenham demonstrado que o aumento de partos está relacionado com o ciclo lunar, existe discordância sobre quando ocorre o pico do volume de partos em cada fase da lua. Frente à divergência de resultados existentes na literatura que relaciona os eventos do ciclo lunar com parto, o objetivo desta revisão foi realizar um levantamento bibliográfico na tentativa de esclarecer esta cultura popular com base nos resultados apresentados por diferentes autores.
Collapse
|
28
|
Promberger R, Ott J, Mikola B, Freissmuth M, Hermann M. Lunar phase does not influence the incidence of postoperative haemorrhage after thyroid surgery: an analysis of 26,852 operations. Eur Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-010-0523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
29
|
do Vale NB, do Vale LFB, Cruz JR. Time and Obstetric Anesthesia: from Chaotic Cosmology to Chronobiology. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0034-7094(09)70089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
30
|
Abstract
Nurse-midwifery has accomplished remarkable clinical, policy, and political achievements using specially-collected data. Today, midwifery practice data can be found in existing administrative data systems: birth registration, hospital data depositories, and claims files. Issues in finding midwifery as practice and profession in these data systems are discussed. Improving the integrity of data that reveal midwives as caregivers should be a priority.
Collapse
|
31
|
Schaffir J. Birth rate and its correlation with the lunar cycle and specific atmospheric conditions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006; 195:878; author reply 879. [PMID: 16949432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2005.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|