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Xiao Y, Xu W, Su W. NLRP3 inflammasome: A likely target for the treatment of allergic diseases. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:1080-1091. [PMID: 29900602 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Allergic diseases, such as asthma, rhinitis, dermatitis, conjunctivitis, and anaphylaxis, have recently become a global public health concern. According to previous studies, the NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-protein complex known to be associated with many inflammatory conditions. In response to allergens or allergen/damage-associated molecular signals, NLRP3 changes its conformation to allow the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex and activates caspase-1, which is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme that proteolytically cleaves other proteins, such as the precursors of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Subsequently, active caspase-1 cleaves pro-IL-1 and pro-IL-18. Recently, accumulating human and mouse experimental evidence has demonstrated that the NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-1β, and IL-18 are critically involved in the development of allergic diseases. Furthermore, the application of specific NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors has been demonstrated in animal models. Therefore, these inhibitors may represent potential therapeutic methods for the management of clinical allergic disorders. This review summarizes findings related to the NLRP3 inflammasome and its related factors and concludes that specific NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors may be potential therapeutic agents for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenna Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Haruki T, Miyazaki D, Inata K, Sasaki SI, Yamamoto Y, Kandori M, Yakura K, Noguchi Y, Touge C, Ishikura R, Touge H, Yamagami S, Inoue Y. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 in corneal endothelial cells limits herpes simplex virus type 1-induced acquired immune response. Br J Ophthalmol 2015; 99:1435-42. [PMID: 26142400 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-306863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corneal endothelial cells are known to be targets of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection; however, the pathogenesis of HSV infections of the endothelial cells has not been definitively determined. The purpose of this study was to examine an unrecognised strategy of corneal endothelial cells to protect themselves from HSV-1 infection. METHODS Immortalised human corneal endothelial cells (HCEn) were infected with HSV-1. Based on the global transcriptional profile, the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) was determined using real-time PCR and western blots. To examine whether IDO1 has any antiviral role, we tested whether viral replication was affected by blocking the activity of IDO1. The immune modulatory role of IDO1 was analysed to determine whether IDO1 might contribute to modulating the recall responses of HSV-1-sensitised CD4(+) T cells. RESULTS IDO1 was strongly expressed in HCEn cells after HSV-1 infection. IDO1 blockade did not significantly restrict viral transcription or replication, arguing against a previously recognised antiviral role for IDO1. When HCEn cells were examined for antigen-presenting function, HSV-1-primed HCEn cells stimulated the proliferation of allogeneic CD4(+) T cells and interleukin 10 (IL-10) secretion. When the recall response to HSV-1 was measured by the mixed lymphocyte reaction, the HCEn-stimulated CD4(+) T cells modulated and limited the recall response. When IDO1 was silenced in HCEn cells, the HCEn-mediated immune modulatory activity and regulatory T-cell activation were reduced. Overexpression of IDO1 promoted immune modulatory activity, which was partly conveyed by IL-10. CONCLUSIONS IDO1 induced by HSV-1 infection limits and dampens excessive acquired immune responses in corneal endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Haruki
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Dai Miyazaki
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Koudai Inata
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sasaki
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yukimi Yamamoto
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Michiko Kandori
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Keiko Yakura
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yumiko Noguchi
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Chizu Touge
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Ryoko Ishikura
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Touge
- Division of Medical Oncology and Respirology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamagami
- Corneal Transplantation Section, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Inoue
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
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