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Luan Y, Liu H, Luan Y, Yang Y, Yang J, Ren KD. New Insight in HDACs: Potential Therapeutic Targets for the Treatment of Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:863677. [PMID: 35529430 PMCID: PMC9068932 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.863677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) features include progressive hardening and reduced elasticity of arteries. AS is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. An increasing amount of evidence showed that epigenetic modifications on genes serve are a main cause of several diseases, including AS. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) promote the deacetylation at lysine residues, thereby condensing the chromatin structures and further inhibiting the transcription of downstream genes. HDACs widely affect various physiological and pathological processes through transcriptional regulation or deacetylation of other non-histone proteins. In recent years, the role of HDACs in vascular systems has been revealed, and their effects on atherosclerosis have been widely reported. In this review, we discuss the members of HDACs in vascular systems, determine the diverse roles of HDACs in AS, and reveal the effects of HDAC inhibitors on AS progression. We provide new insights into the potential of HDAC inhibitors as drugs for AS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Research Center for Clinical System Biology, Translational Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ying Luan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Research Center for Clinical System Biology, Translational Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Yang, ; Jing Yang, ; Kai-Di Ren,
| | - Jing Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Yang, ; Jing Yang, ; Kai-Di Ren,
| | - Kai-Di Ren
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Yang, ; Jing Yang, ; Kai-Di Ren,
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Caliri AW, Tommasi S, Besaratinia A. Relationships among smoking, oxidative stress, inflammation, macromolecular damage, and cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2021; 787:108365. [PMID: 34083039 PMCID: PMC8287787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a major risk factor for a variety of diseases, including cancer and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Tobacco smoke contains a mixture of chemicals, including a host of reactive oxygen- and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), among others, that can damage cellular and sub-cellular targets, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. A growing body of evidence supports a key role for smoking-induced ROS and the resulting oxidative stress in inflammation and carcinogenesis. This comprehensive and up-to-date review covers four interrelated topics, including 'smoking', 'oxidative stress', 'inflammation', and 'cancer'. The review discusses each of the four topics, while exploring the intersections among the topics by highlighting the macromolecular damage attributable to ROS. Specifically, oxidative damage to macromolecular targets, such as lipid peroxidation, post-translational modification of proteins, and DNA adduction, as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms, and the multi-faceted repair pathways of oxidized lesions are described. Also discussed are the biological consequences of oxidative damage to macromolecules if they evade the defense mechanisms and/or are not repaired properly or in time. Emphasis is placed on the genetic- and epigenetic alterations that may lead to transcriptional deregulation of functionally-important genes and disruption of regulatory elements. Smoking-associated oxidative stress also activates the inflammatory response pathway, which triggers a cascade of events of which ROS production is an initial yet indispensable step. The release of ROS at the site of damage and inflammation helps combat foreign pathogens and restores the injured tissue, while simultaneously increasing the burden of oxidative stress. This creates a vicious cycle in which smoking-related oxidative stress causes inflammation, which in turn, results in further generation of ROS, and potentially increased oxidative damage to macromolecular targets that may lead to cancer initiation and/or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Caliri
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, M/C 9603, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Stella Tommasi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, M/C 9603, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ahmad Besaratinia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, M/C 9603, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary contusion (PC) is a common injury that often results in priming for exaggerated inflammatory responses to a second hit. Previous studies used a mouse model of pulmonary contusion and showed an early and sustained reduction of SIRT1 protein and activity in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells of injured mice. Sustained decrease in SIRT1 was associated with a primed phenotype in injured mice challenged with an inflammatory stimulus. This study tests the hypothesis that pulmonary contusion induces oxidant production that modifies and decreases SIRT1 and primes the lung for the second-hit response. METHODS A mouse model of pulmonary contusion was used to investigate injury-induced oxidant changes in SIRT1. Second-hit responses were evaluated by infection (Streptococcus pneumoniae) and inflammatory challenge using bacterial lipopolysaccharide. BAL, lung tissue, and blood were collected and used to evaluate inflammatory responses and SIRT1 levels, oxidant modification, and activity. Levels of NO in the BAL from mice and patients with PC were also assessed. RESULTS We found that oxidants produced as a result of pulmonary contusion resulted in modification of SIRT1. S-Nitrosylation was observed and correlated with increased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression after injury. Anti-oxidant treatment of injured mice preserved SIRT1 activity, decreased second hit responses and improved lung function. Elevated NO levels in the BAL of PC patients was associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome or diagnosis of pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that oxidative stress in the lung after injury induces redox modification of SIRT1 and contributes to priming of the lung for a second-hit response. Antioxidant treatment suggests that SIRT1 activity after injury may be beneficial in suppressing second-hit responses.
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Dashner-Titus EJ, Hoover J, Li L, Lee JH, Du R, Liu KJ, Traber MG, Ho E, Lewis J, Hudson LG. Metal exposure and oxidative stress markers in pregnant Navajo Birth Cohort Study participants. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:484-492. [PMID: 29723666 PMCID: PMC6381929 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of soil and water by waste from abandoned uranium mines has led to chronic exposures to metal mixtures in Native American communities. Our previous work demonstrated that community exposures to mine waste increase the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease, as well as the likelihood of developing multiple chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension and kidney disease. Exposure to various environmental metals is associated with elevated oxidative stress, which is considered a contributor to these and other chronic disease states. The purpose of the current research was to assess potential associations between exposure to uranium and arsenic and evidence for increased oxidative stress as measured by urinary F2 -isoprostanes in pregnant women enrolled in the Navajo Birth Cohort Study. The current study also included an analysis of zinc as a potential mediator of oxidative stress in the study population. Urinary arsenic and uranium, serum zinc and urinary F2 -isoprostanes were measured for each study participant at enrollment. Study participants were pregnant women with median age of 26.8; 18.9% were enrolled in the 1st trimester, 44.7% were enrolled in the 2nd trimester, and 36.4% were enrolled in the 3rd trimester. Median urinary metal levels were 5.5 and 0.016 µg/g creatinine for arsenic and uranium, respectively. Multivariable regression analysis indicated a significant association between arsenic exposure and the lipid peroxidation product 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, controlling for zinc and trimester. No associations were detected with uranium despite evidence that levels were in the Navajo Birth Cohort samples were 2.3 times the median reported for women in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-12). Zinc was not found to have any causal mediation of the effects of the other metals on oxidative stress. The current work is consistent with other studies that have detected an association between arsenic and elevated oxidative stress. In contrast to arsenic, uranium did not appear to increase oxidative stress response in this study population. These findings are relevant to assessing the potential human impact of chronic exposure to mixed metal waste from abandoned uranium mines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica J Dashner-Titus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Joseph Hoover
- Community Environmental Health Program, College Of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Luo Li
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, The UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; UNM METALS Biostatistics and Data Management (BDM) Core (Luo, Senior author for BDM team).
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Division of Quantitative Sciences and Biostatistics Shared Resource, University of Florida Health Cancer Center Gainsville , FL 32601, USA.
| | - Ruofei Du
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, The UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; UNM METALS Biostatistics and Data Management (BDM) Core (Luo, Senior author for BDM team).
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Maret G Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 307 Linus Pauling Science Center, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 307 Linus Pauling Science Center, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Moore Family Center for Whole Grain Foods, Nutrition & Preventive Health, School of Biological & Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health & Human Sciences, 211 Milam Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Johnnye Lewis
- Community Environmental Health Program, College Of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Laurie G Hudson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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An JY, Lee HH, Shin JS, Yoo HS, Park JS, Son SH, Kim SW, Yu J, Lee J, Lee KT, Kim NJ. Identification and structure activity relationship of novel flavone derivatives that inhibit the production of nitric oxide and PGE 2 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2613-2616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Al-Harbi NO, Nadeem A, Ansari MA, Al-Harbi MM, Alotaibi MR, AlSaad AM, Ahmad SF. Psoriasis-like inflammation leads to renal dysfunction via upregulation of NADPH oxidases and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 46:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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