Adult-type granulosa cell tumour of the testis: Report of a case and review of the literature

Adult-type granulosa cell tumor of the testis: A case report and review of the literature

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of the testicle are a rare subtype of sex cord stromal tumors which usually present with painless testicular swelling. The histology of an adult testicular GCT often resembles normal granulosa cell tissue morphology, with similar immunohistochemical staining pattern such as positivity for steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1), calretinin, and inhibin A.4,5 We present a case of a 39-year-old male with an adult GCT of the testicle who underwent successful unilateral orchiectomy. This case adds to the body of literature and furthers our understanding of tumor histopathology, tumor behavior, clinical surveillance, and treatment strategies for this testicular neoplasm.

Adult-type granulosa cell tumor of the testicle: case report

Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a sex-cord neoplasm of the gonads classified into either juvenile (jGrCT) or adult type (aGrCT). It is commonly arising in ovaries but is much rarer in men, with only around 50 male cases previously reported in the literature. We report on a 54-year-old male patient with a right testicular GCT measuring 10.0×8.0×6.0 cm. The tumor was treated successfully with radical orchiectomy followed by computed tomography to assess lymph node involvement, and no further treatment was done. Pathological reports showed diffuse positivity for immunohistochemical stains, inhibin, vimentin, calretinin, and CD99. The clinical and histopathological features, treatment, and prognosis of aGrCT arising in the testicle of an adult male are also reviewed in this manuscript.

Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Testis: A Case Report with a Review of the Literature

Adult granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) of the testis represents a very rare testicular neoplasm that is poorly understood clinically. Here we report the case of a 22-year-old male who presented with unspecific scrotal symptoms. Scrotal sonography disclosed a 6 mm hypoechoic intratesticular lesion. Histological examination after orchiectomy revealed a homogeneous and well demarcated neoplasm with monomorphic cells with nuclear grooving and microfollicular formation of the so-called Call-Exner bodies. Immunohistology showed positive stainings of vimentin, calretinin, and inhibin with negative stainings of the typical germ cell tumor markers. Thus, the diagnosis of a benign AGCT was made. The patient is well one year after surgery. A total of 91 previous AGCT cases were identified in the literature. Median age of the cases reported to date is 44 years, median tumor size 3.2 cm. 54.3% of the AGCT cases were located on the left side. 12 cases (13.2%) were of malignant nature. Testis-sparing surgery would be the treatment of choice, but only two of all cases had received that procedure. The present report aims to increase the clinical knowledge of AGCT and specifically to increase the clinician's vigilance with respect to testis-sparing surgery in probably benign testicular masses.

Metastatic Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Testis: Clinical Presentation and Management

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of the testis are rare sex cord-stromal tumors that are present in both juvenile and adult subtypes. While most adult GCTs are benign, those that present with distant metastases manifest a grave prognosis. Treatments for aggressive GCTs are not well established. Options that have been employed in previous cases include retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND), radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination thereof. We describe the case of a 57-year-old man who presented with a painless left testicular mass and painful gynecomastia. Serum tumor markers (alpha fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and lactate dehydrogenase) and computed tomography of the chest and abdomen were negative. The patient underwent left radical orchiectomy. Immunohistochemical staining was consistent with a testicular GCT. He underwent a left-template laparoscopic RPLND which revealed 2/19 positive lymph nodes. Final pathological stage was IIA. He remains free of disease 32 months after surgery.