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Zhou H, Hou T, Shen A, Yu W, Zhou L, Yuan W, Wang W, Yao Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Liang X. Elucidation of active components and target mechanism in Jinqiancao granules for the treatment of prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118068. [PMID: 38513777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are inflammations of the prostate gland, which surrounds the urethra in males. Jinqiancao granules are a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat kidney stones and this medicine consists of four herbs: Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr., Pyrrosia calvata (Baker) Ching, Plantago asiatica L. and stigma of Zea mays L. AIM OF THE STUDY We hypothesized that Jinqiancao granules could be a potential therapy for prostatitis and BPH, and this work aimed to elucidate active compounds in Jinqiancao granules and their target mechanisms for the potential treatment of the two diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Jinqiancao granules were commercially available and purchased. Database-driven data mining and networking were utilized to establish a general correlation between Jinqiancao granules and the two diseases above. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for compound separation and characterization. The characterized compounds were evaluated on four G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs: GPR35, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3, alpha-1A adrenergic receptor α1A and cannabinoid receptor CB2). A dynamic mass redistribution technique was applied to evaluate compounds on four GPCRs. Nitric acid (NO) inhibition was tested on the macrophage cell line RAW264.7. Molecular docking was conducted on GPR35-active compounds and GPR35 crystal structure. Statistical analysis using GEO datasets was conducted. RESULTS Seventy compounds were isolated and twelve showed GPCR activity. Three compounds showed potent GPR35 agonistic activity (EC50 < 10 μM) and the GPR35 agonism action of PAL-21 (Scutellarein) was reported for the first time. Docking results revealed that the GPR35-targeting compounds interacted at the key residues for the agonist-initiated activation of GPR35. Five compounds showed weak antagonistic activity on M3, which was confirmed to be a disease target by statistical analysis. Seventeen compounds showed NO inhibitory activity. Several compounds showed multi-target properties. An experiment-based network reflected a pharmacological relationship between Jinqiancao granules and the two diseases. CONCLUSIONS This study identified active compounds in Jinqiancao granules that have synergistic mechanisms, contributing to anti-inflammatory effects. The findings provide scientific evidence for the potential use of Jinqiancao granules as a treatment for prostatitis and BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Hou
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Aijin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenyi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liangliang Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenjie Yuan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wanxian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Yumin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Jixia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
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Caglar O, Kanat A, Aydin MD, Akca N, Ozmen S. First report of the histopathological effect of electrocautery using on the urethral taste rosea during glans penis injury by incision in rabbits. Asian J Urol 2024; 11:115-120. [PMID: 38312826 PMCID: PMC10837657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Currently, electrocautery devices have frequently been used in penile surgical procedures. We hypothesized that electrocautery using during penile surgical procedures may harm the taste rosea and the dorsal nerve of the penis or clitoris. Methods Eighteen young age male New Zealand rabbits were studied: five in the control (Group I, n=5), five in the penile surgery without using electrocautery (sham group, Group II, n=5), eight in the monopolar cautery (study group, Group III, n=8) groups under general anesthesia. The animals were followed for 3 weeks and sacrificed. Penile tissue-pudendal nerve root complexes and dorsal root ganglion of sacral 3 level were examined using stereological methods. The results were compared statistically. Results The live and degenerated taste bud-like structures and degenerated neuron densities of pudendal ganglia (mean±standard deviation, n/mm3) were estimated as 198±24/mm3, 4±1/mm3, and 5±1/mm3 in Group I; 8±3/mm3, 174±21/mm3, and 24±7/mm3 in Group II; and 21±5/mm3, 137±14/mm3, and 95±12/mm3 in Group III, respectively. Neurodegeneration of taste buds and pudendal ganglia was significantly different between groups. Conclusion Intact spinal cord and normal parasympathetic and thoracolumbar sympathetic networks are crucial for human sexual function. The present study indicates that the glans penis injury by using electrocautery may lead to pudendal ganglia degeneration. Iatrogenic damage to taste rosea and retrograde degeneration of the pudendal nerve may be the cause of sexual dysfunction responsible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Caglar
- Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Kanat
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurosurgery, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Dumlu Aydin
- Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurosurgery, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nezih Akca
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Medical Faculty, Department of Urology, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Ozmen
- Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Erzurum, Turkey
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Kachru N, Holmes HM, Johnson ML, Chen H, Aparasu RR. Antimuscarinic use among older adults with dementia and overactive bladder: a Medicare beneficiaries study. Curr Med Res Opin 2021; 37:1303-1313. [PMID: 33890538 PMCID: PMC9289997 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2021.1920899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the incidence and predictors of antimuscarinic medication use including non-selective antimuscarinics among older adults with dementia and overactive bladder (OAB). METHODS The study used a new-user cohort design involving older adults (≥65 years) with dementia and OAB based on 2013-2015 Medicare data. Antimuscarinics included non-selective (oxybutynin, tolterodine, trospium, fesoterodine) and selective (solifenacin, darifenacin) medications. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the incidence and predictors of new antimuscarinic use including non-selective antimuscarinics, respectively. RESULTS Of the 3.38 million Medicare beneficiaries with dementia, over one million (1.05) had OAB (31.03%). Of those, 287,612 (27.39%) were reported as prevalent antimuscarinics users. After applying continuous eligibility criteria, 21,848 (10.34%) incident antimuscarinic users were identified (77.6% non-selective; 22.4% selective). Most frequently reported antimuscarinics were oxybutynin (56.3%) and solifenacin (21.4%). Multivariable analysis revealed that patients ≥75 years, of black race, and those with schizophrenia, epilepsy, delirium, and Elixhauser's score were less likely to initiate antimuscarinics. Women, those with abnormal involuntary movements, bipolar disorder, gastroesophageal reflux disease, insomnia, irritable bowel syndrome, muscle spasm/low back pain, neuropathic pain, benign prostatic hyperplasia, falls/fractures, myasthenia gravis, narrow-angle glaucoma, Parkinson's disease, syncope, urinary tract infection and vulvovaginitis were more likely to initiate antimuscarinics. Further, patients with muscle spasms/low back pain, benign prostatic hyperplasia and those taking higher level anticholinergics had lower odds of receiving non-selective antimuscarinics, whereas white patients, black patients and those with schizophrenia and delirium were more likely to receive them. CONCLUSIONS Nearly one-third of dementia patients had OAB and over one-fourth of them used antimuscarinics. Majority of the incident users were prescribed non-selective antimuscarinics with several demographic and clinical factors contributing to their use. Given the high prevalence of OAB among dementia patients, there is a need to optimize their antimuscarinic use, considering their vulnerability for anticholinergic adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Kachru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Holly M. Holmes
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX
| | - Michael L. Johnson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Rajender R. Aparasu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the past years, the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction has been widely explored. The aim of our systematic review is to summarize the published evidence over the past year on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED). RECENT FINDINGS Recent data support the relationship between LUTS and ED in Eastern Europe and in Asia. The role of phosphodiesterase inhibitors alone or in combination with alpha blockers to treat LUTS and ED, especially in younger patients, is strongly supported by high level of evidence. LUTS and ED are prevalent conditions in men over 50; epidemiologically, the relationship between both conditions has been confirmed all over the world. PDE5i alone or in combination with alpha blockers can be considered the gold standard for the treatment of young patients with storage symptoms and concomitant ED. In clinical research, a better understanding of the molecular pathways behind this association may also help to identify new possible targets and develop novel therapeutic approaches to manage both disorders; the identification of new biomarkers of both disorders is also compulsory in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo De Nunzio
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Lombardo
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Tema
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Tubaro
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
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