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Gu W, Wu S, Liu X, Wang L, Wang X, Qiu Q, Wang G. Algal-bacterial consortium promotes carbon sink formation in saline environment. J Adv Res 2024; 60:111-125. [PMID: 37597746 PMCID: PMC11156706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The level of atmospheric CO2 has continuously been increasing and the resulting greenhouse effects are receiving attention globally. Carbon removal from the atmosphere occurs naturally in various ecosystems. Among them, saline environments contribute significantly to the global carbon cycle. Carbonate deposits in the sediments of salt lakes are omnipresent, and the biological effects, especially driven by halophilic microalgae and bacteria, on carbonate formation remain to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES The present study aims to characterize the carbonates formed in saline environments and demonstrate the mechanisms underlying biological-driven CO2 removal via microalgal-bacterial consortium. METHODS The carbonates naturally formed in saline environments were collected and analyzed. Two saline representative organisms, the photosynthetic microalga Dunaliella salina and its mutualistic halophilic bacteria Nesterenkonia sp. were isolated from the inhabiting saline environment and co-cultivated to study their biological effects on carbonates precipitation and isotopic composition. During this process, electrochemical parameters and Ca2+ flux, and expression of genes related to CaCO3 formation were analyzed. Genome sequencing and metagenomic analysis were conducted to provide molecular evidence. RESULTS The results showed that natural saline sediments are enriched with CaCO3 and enrichment of genes related to photosynthesis and ureolysis. The co-cultivation stimulated 54.54% increase in CaCO3 precipitation and significantly promoted the absorption of external CO2 by 49.63%. A pH gradient was formed between the bacteria and algae culture, creating 150.22 mV of electronic potential, which might promote Ca2+ movement toward D. salina cells. Based on the results of lab-scale induction and 13C analysis, a theoretical calculation indicates a non-negligible amount of 0.16 and 2.3 Tg C/year carbon sequestration in China and global saline lakes, respectively. CONCLUSION The combined effects of these two typical representative species have contributed to the carbon sequestration in saline environments, by promoting Ca2+ influx and increase of pH via microalgal and bacterial metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Songcui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xuehua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xulei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Tianjin Changlu Hangu Saltern Co., LTD, 300480, China
| | - Guangce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Chatterjee A, Puri S, Sharma PK, Deepa PR, Chowdhury S. Nature-inspired Enzyme engineering and sustainable catalysis: biochemical clues from the world of plants and extremophiles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1229300. [PMID: 37409164 PMCID: PMC10318364 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1229300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of enzymes to accelerate chemical reactions for the synthesis of industrially important products is rapidly gaining popularity. Biocatalysis is an environment-friendly approach as it not only uses non-toxic, biodegradable, and renewable raw materials but also helps to reduce waste generation. In this context, enzymes from organisms living in extreme conditions (extremozymes) have been studied extensively and used in industries (food and pharmaceutical), agriculture, and molecular biology, as they are adapted to catalyze reactions withstanding harsh environmental conditions. Enzyme engineering plays a key role in integrating the structure-function insights from reference enzymes and their utilization for developing improvised catalysts. It helps to transform the enzymes to enhance their activity, stability, substrates-specificity, and substrate-versatility by suitably modifying enzyme structure, thereby creating new variants of the enzyme with improved physical and chemical properties. Here, we have illustrated the relatively less-tapped potentials of plant enzymes in general and their sub-class of extremozymes for industrial applications. Plants are exposed to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stresses due to their sessile nature, for which they have developed various mechanisms, including the production of stress-response enzymes. While extremozymes from microorganisms have been extensively studied, there are clear indications that plants and algae also produce extremophilic enzymes as their survival strategy, which may find industrial applications. Typical plant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase, papain, carbonic anhydrase, glycoside hydrolases and others have been examined in this review with respect to their stress-tolerant features and further improvement via enzyme engineering. Some rare instances of plant-derived enzymes that point to greater exploration for industrial use have also been presented here. The overall implication is to utilize biochemical clues from the plant-based enzymes for robust, efficient, and substrate/reaction conditions-versatile scaffolds or reference leads for enzyme engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - P. R. Deepa
- *Correspondence: P. R. Deepa, ; Shibasish Chowdhury,
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Polle JE, Calhoun S, McKie-Krisberg Z, Prochnik S, Neofotis P, Yim WC, Hathwaik LT, Jenkins J, Molina H, Bunkenborg J, Grigoriev IV, Barry K, Schmutz J, Jin E, Cushman JC, Magnusson JK. Genomic adaptations of the green alga Dunaliella salina to life under high salinity. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lou S, Zhu X, Zeng Z, Wang H, Jia B, Li H, Hu Z. Identification of microRNAs response to high light and salinity that involved in beta-carotene accumulation in microalga Dunaliella salina. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fachet M, Witte C, Flassig RJ, Rihko-Struckmann LK, McKie-Krisberg Z, Polle JEW, Sundmacher K. Reconstruction and analysis of a carbon-core metabolic network for Dunaliella salina. BMC Bioinformatics 2020; 21:1. [PMID: 31898485 PMCID: PMC6941287 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-3325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The green microalga Dunaliella salina accumulates a high proportion of β-carotene during abiotic stress conditions. To better understand the intracellular flux distribution leading to carotenoid accumulation, this work aimed at reconstructing a carbon core metabolic network for D. salina CCAP 19/18 based on the recently published nuclear genome and its validation with experimental observations and literature data. RESULTS The reconstruction resulted in a network model with 221 reactions and 212 metabolites within three compartments: cytosol, chloroplast and mitochondrion. The network was implemented in the MATLAB toolbox CellNetAnalyzer and checked for feasibility. Furthermore, a flux balance analysis was carried out for different light and nutrient uptake rates. The comparison of the experimental knowledge with the model prediction revealed that the results of the stoichiometric network analysis are plausible and in good agreement with the observed behavior. Accordingly, our model provides an excellent tool for investigating the carbon core metabolism of D. salina. CONCLUSIONS The reconstructed metabolic network of D. salina presented in this work is able to predict the biological behavior under light and nutrient stress and will lead to an improved process understanding for the optimized production of high-value products in microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Fachet
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Process Systems Engineering, Sandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| | - Carina Witte
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Process Systems Engineering, Sandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| | - Robert J Flassig
- Brandenburg University of Applied Sciences, Department of Engineering, Magdeburger Str. 50, Brandenburg an der Havel, 14770, Germany
| | - Liisa K Rihko-Struckmann
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Process Systems Engineering, Sandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany.
| | - Zaid McKie-Krisberg
- Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Department of Biology, 2900 Bedford Avenue, New York, NY 11210, USA
| | - Jürgen E W Polle
- Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Department of Biology, 2900 Bedford Avenue, New York, NY 11210, USA
| | - Kai Sundmacher
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Process Systems Engineering, Sandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany.,Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Process Systems Engineering, Universitätsplatz 2, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
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Bose A, Lin R, Rajendran K, O'Shea R, Xia A, Murphy JD. How to optimise photosynthetic biogas upgrading: a perspective on system design and microalgae selection. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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