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Schoeters F, Spit J, Azizah RN, Van Miert S. Pilot-Scale Cultivation of the Snow Alga Chloromonas typhlos in a Photobioreactor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:896261. [PMID: 35757813 PMCID: PMC9218667 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.896261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most studied and cultivated microalgae have a temperature optimum between 20 and 35°C. This temperature range hampers sustainable microalgae growth in countries with colder periods. To overcome this problem, psychrotolerant microalgae, such as the snow alga Chloromonas typhlos, can be cultivated during these colder periods. However, most of the research work has been carried out in the laboratory. The step between laboratory-scale and large-scale cultivation is difficult, making pilot-scale tests crucial to gather more information. Here, we presented a successful pilot-scale growth test of C. typhlos. Seven batch mode growth periods were compared during two longer growth tests in a photobioreactor of 350 L. We demonstrated the potential of this alga to be cultivated at colder ambient temperatures. The tests were performed during winter and springtime to compare ambient temperature and sunlight influences. The growth and CO2 usage were continuously monitored to calculate the productivity and CO2 fixation efficiency. A maximum dry weight of 1.082 g L-1 was achieved while a maximum growth rate and maximum daily volumetric and areal productivities of 0.105 d-1, 0.110 g L-1 d-1, and 2.746 g m-2 d-1, respectively, were measured. Future tests to optimize the cultivation of C. typhlos and production of astaxanthin, for example, will be crucial to explore the potential of biomass production of C. typhlos on a commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris Schoeters
- Radius, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
| | - Jornt Spit
- Radius, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
| | - Rahmasari Nur Azizah
- Radius, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium.,I-BioStat, Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Sabine Van Miert
- Radius, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
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Di Caprio F. Cultivation processes to select microorganisms with high accumulation ability. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 49:107740. [PMID: 33838283 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The microbial ability to accumulate biomolecules is fundamental for different biotechnological applications aiming at the production of biofuels, food and bioplastics. However, high accumulation is a selective advantage only under certain stressful conditions, such as nutrient depletion, characterized by lower growth rate. Conventional bioprocesses maintain an optimal and stable environment for large part of the cultivation, that doesn't reward cells for their accumulation ability, raising the risk of selection of contaminant strains with higher growth rate, but lower accumulation of products. Here in this work the physiological responses of different microorganisms (microalgae, bacteria, yeasts) under N-starvation and energy starvation are reviewed, with the aim to furnish relevant insights exploitable to develop tailored bioprocesses to select specific strains for their higher accumulation ability. Microorganism responses to starvation are reviewed focusing on cell cycle, biomass production and variations in biochemical composition. Then, the work describes different innovative bioprocess configurations exploiting uncoupled nutrient feeding strategies (feast-famine), tailored to maintain a selective pressure to reward the strains with higher accumulation ability in mixed microbial populations. Finally, the main models developed in recent studies to describe and predict microbial growth and intracellular accumulation upon N-starvation and feast-famine conditions have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Di Caprio
- Department of Chemistry, University Sapienza of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Growth and fatty acid content of Rhodomonas sp. under day:night cycles of light and temperature. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Oostlander P, van Houcke J, Wijffels R, Barbosa M. Optimization of Rhodomonas sp. under continuous cultivation for industrial applications in aquaculture. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tuantet K, Temmink H, Zeeman G, Wijffels RH, Buisman CJ, Janssen M. Optimization of algae production on urine. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sui Y, Muys M, Vermeir P, D'Adamo S, Vlaeminck SE. Light regime and growth phase affect the microalgal production of protein quantity and quality with Dunaliella salina. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 275:145-152. [PMID: 30583115 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The microalga Dunaliella salina has been widely studied for carotenogenesis, yet its protein production for human nutrition has rarely been reported. This study unveils the effects of growth phase and light regime on protein and essential amino acid (EAA) levels in D. salina. Cultivation under 24-h continuous light was compared to 12-h/12-h light/dark cycle. The essential amino acid index (EAAI) of D. salina showed accumulating trends up to 1.53 in the stationary phase, surpassing FAO/WHO standard for human nutrition. Light/dark conditions inferred a higher light-usage efficiency, yielding 5-97% higher protein and 18-28% higher EAA mass on light energy throughout the growth, accompanied by 138% faster growth during the light phase of the light/dark cycle, compared to continuous light. The findings revealed D. salina to be especially suitable for high-quality protein production, particularly grown under light/dark conditions, with nitrogen limitation as possible trigger, and harvested in the stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Sui
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Maarten Muys
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeir
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Gent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Sarah D'Adamo
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
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García-Cubero R, Moreno-Fernández J, Acién-Fernández F, García-González M. How to combine CO2 abatement and starch production in Chlorella vulgaris. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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The impact of day length on cell division and efficiency of light use in a starchless mutant of Tetradesmus obliquus. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Production of exopolysaccharide by Botryococcus braunii CCALA 778 under laboratory simulated Mediterranean climate conditions. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Remmers IM, Hidalgo-Ulloa A, Brandt BP, Evers WAC, Wijffels RH, Lamers PP. Continuous versus batch production of lipids in the microalgae Acutodesmus obliquus. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:1384-1392. [PMID: 28478893 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work provides a novel quantitative comparison of batch versus continuous microalgal lipid production in the wild type and starchless mutant strain of Acutodesmus obliquus. Both strains showed higher TAG yields on light under batch operation compared to continuous nitrogen limitation. The starchless mutant showed 0.20gTAGmolph-1 for batch and 0.12gTAGmolph-1 for continuous operation, while the wildtype only showed 0.16gTAGmolph-1 for batch and 0.08gTAGmolph-1 for continuous operation. Also, higher TAG contents were found under batch starvation (26% of dry weight for the wildtype and 43% of dry weight for starchless mutant) compared to continuous cultivations (16% of dry weight for the wildtype and 33% of dry weight for starchless mutant). Starch acts as the favoured storage metabolite during nitrogen limitation in A. obliquus, whereas TAG is only accumulated after starch reaches a cellular maximum of 40% of dry weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Remmers
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - A Hidalgo-Ulloa
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - B P Brandt
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - W A C Evers
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - R H Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø 8049, Norway
| | - P P Lamers
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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León-Saiki GM, Remmers IM, Martens DE, Lamers PP, Wijffels RH, van der Veen D. The role of starch as transient energy buffer in synchronized microalgal growth in Acutodesmus obliquus. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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