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Sobolewska E, Borowski S, Nowicka-Krawczyk P. Effect of solar and artificial lighting on microalgae cultivation and treatment of liquid digestate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118445. [PMID: 37354587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study was carried out to assess the effect of two light sources on microalgae cultivation and the treatment of liquid digestate. The R1 photobioreactor operated with LED lightning allowed to achieve moderate nutrient removal rates whereas soluble COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) was reduced in 90%. After switching this reactor into sunlight, the removal rate of phosphates increased to 66%. However, the greatest removal rate of both nutrients and sCOD of up to 93% was observed in the R2 photobioreactor operated only under sunlight. Microglena sp. was the dominant algae growing in the R1 reactor, and the main bacteria families detected were Chitinophagaceae, Sphingomonadaceae and Xanthobacteraceae. In contrast, Tetradesmus obliquus dominated in the R2 reactor and Rhodanobacteraceae, Chitinophagaceae and A4b were predominant bacteria in this run. Furthermore, much greater biomass productivity as well as overall biomass density was observed in the R2 photobioreactor cultivated exclusively with solar lightning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Sobolewska
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland; Interdisciplinary Doctoral School, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Borowski
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Paulina Nowicka-Krawczyk
- Department of Algology and Mycology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland.
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Lv Z, Zhang H, Liang J, Zhao T, Xu Y, Lei Y. Microalgae removal technology for the cold source of nuclear power plant: A review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 183:114087. [PMID: 36084612 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the past three decades, nuclear energy has gained much attention as carbon-free electricity. Due to the supply of cooling water in nuclear power plant, large amount of waste heat will increase the water temperature, promote the microalgae and cyanobacteria propagation and increase the chance of red tide. Excess phytoplankton of cool source will result in abnormal operation of cooling system, even core overheating and nuclear leakage. Consequently, it is very important to remove microalgae and cyanobacteria from cold source of nuclear power plants. This review summarizes the formation mechanism and monitoring methods of red tide, compares the advantages and disadvantages of traditional microalgae removal technology including physical, chemical and biological methods. Furthermore, the improved electrochemical method and micro-nano bubble method are introduced in detail. Their combination is considered to be a low-cost, efficient and environmentally-friendly technology to prevent and control red tides for cold source of nuclear power plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Hebei University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, China; Institute of Power Source and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Hebei University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, China; Institute of Power Source and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
| | - Jinsheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Hebei University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, China; Institute of Power Source and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Hebei University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, China; Institute of Power Source and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yuena Xu
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Hebei University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, China; Institute of Power Source and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yinyuan Lei
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Hebei University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, China; Institute of Power Source and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
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Torres-Franco AF, Silva G, Freitas MP, Passos F, Mota Filho CR, Figueredo CC. Effect of digestate loading rates on microalgae-based treatment under low LED light intensity. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:3023-3036. [PMID: 33830869 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1914178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low red-LED irradiances are an attractive alternative for enhancing microalgae photobioreactors treating digestate due to their potential contribution in decreasing area footprints with low energy consumptions. However, more information is required regarding the influence of digestate load on treatment performance and biomass valorisation when low-intensity red-LEDs are applied. Thus, this study assessed microalgae-based photobioreactors treating food waste digestate under different concentrations (5%, 25%, 50%, and 75%, v/v) at low red-LED irradiance (15 µmol·m-2·s-1). The removal efficiencies of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) at the end of the experiment ranged from 45% to 75% when treating influent loads between 5.3 and 79.1 g sCOD·m-3·d-1 (5% and 75%-digestate), respectively. Total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) was applied in loading rates between 3.2 and 48.5 g TAN·m-3·d-1 (5% and 75%, respectively) and removed with maximum efficiencies of 90%-100% in all trials. Nitrification-denitrification was proportionally more relevant when treating 5%-digestate, whereas volatilisation was the primary process in 25%, 50% and 75% concentrations. Microalgae presented adequate yields in all treatments, except in 75%-digestate, likely due to the blocking of light by the high solids concentrations. The assessment of the microalgae community and chlorophyll-a and carotenoids suggested that chlorophytes, mainly Dictyosphaerium pulchellum and Scenedesmus sp. grew autotrophically, whereas cyanobacteria Pseudanabaena sp. grew mixotrophically. Moreover, the sustainability of red LED lighting applications can be increased by anaerobic digestion or agricultural valorisation of the biomass, enabled by its high N and P contents. Low-intensity red-LEDs may have promissory applications in the treatment of high-strength wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Felipe Torres-Franco
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Silva
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Matheus Pascoal Freitas
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Passos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - César Rossas Mota Filho
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cleber Cunha Figueredo
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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