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Liang D, Wang X, Huo Y, Xiang H, Li S, Wang Y. Morphological, molecular, and life cycle characteristics of Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel (Prymnesiophyceae) in the Southeast China Sea. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 127:102477. [PMID: 37544677 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Phaeocystis globosa blooms frequently occur in the Southeast China Sea and cause significant negative impacts on coastal ecology and mariculture. The P. globosa blooms in southeastern China are very different compared to those of European strains, suggesting that differences may exist in their morphological, phylogenetic, and life history traits. In this study, seven strains of P. globosa isolated from Southeast China Sea that were typical strains of algal blooms in the region, in addition to one strain from the Gulf of Mexico (CCMP629), were comprehensively evaluated to better understand region-specific differences of the species. Significant differences were not observed in the internal cell structures and other characteristics compared to those of European strains, while differences in cell surface structures were apparent. For example, small and large flagellated Chinese P. globosa cells exhibited two flagella with slightly unequal lengths and a short haptonema, the surfaces of small flagellated cells were not covered by scales, and colony cell diameters were smaller. 18S rRNA sequence phylogenetic analysis also revealed that P. globosa comprised a species complex with two ecotypes (warm- and cold-water types), of which the strains from the southeastern coast of China and CCMP629 belonged to the warm-water type. In addition, the life cycles and variable modes of P. globosa colony formation were evaluated in detail. The algal bloom may be due to the rapid colonies formation by budding and colony fragments. These results provide new insights into the life cycle of P. globosa and highlight the differences in morphological and phylogenetic relationships between strains from the southeast coast of China and those from coastal European regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Liang
- Research Center for Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Research Center for Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yiping Huo
- Research Center for Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- State key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography (LTO), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Shaoshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Research Center for Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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