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Williams TR, Erving CL, Mitchell T, Crayton LS, Chaney K, Stewart Iv WD. The roles of psychosocial resources in reducing the impact of gendered racism on worry among Black women attending an HBCU. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39356966 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2382444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Objective: The study ascertained the effects of Black college women's experiences of gendered racism on worry. Psychosocial resources were examined as factors expected to reduce the impact of gendered racial microaggressions on worry. Participants: The sample comprised 197 Black-identified students enrolled at a southern Historically Black College or University. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used. After adjusting for covariates, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models evaluated the associations between gendered racial microaggressions, psychosocial resources, and worry. Results: Frequent experiences of gendered racial microaggressions were associated with heightened worry. The Angry Black Woman stereotype had the most robust relationship with worry. Psychosocial resources, specifically mastery, self-esteem, and resilience, reduced the impact of gendered racial microaggressions on worry. Conclusion: Gendered racism contributes to increased worry, and thus, heightens the risk of experiencing anxiety. High levels of mastery, self-esteem, and resilience reduce the effects of gendered racism on worry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany R Williams
- Psychological Sciences & Counseling, Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Taeja Mitchell
- Psychological Sciences & Counseling, Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - LaShay S Crayton
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kernisha Chaney
- Psychological Sciences & Counseling, Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Guo S, Wijesuriya R, O'Connor M, Moreno-Betancur M, Goldfeld S, Burgner D, Liu R, Priest N. The effects of adverse and positive experiences on cardiovascular health in Australian children. Int J Cardiol 2024; 411:132262. [PMID: 38878872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence suggests that positive experiences in childhood may promote cardiovascular health, providing additional opportunities for prevention and early intervention. This study aimed to examine the effects of adverse and positive experiences on cardiovascular health in late childhood. METHODS Data sources: Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (N = 1874). EXPOSURES Adverse and positive experiences assessed repeatedly (age 0-11 years). OUTCOMES Cardiovascular health (high versus low or moderate) quantified by four health behaviors (diet, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and sleep) and four health factors (body mass index, non-high-density lipoprotein, blood pressure, and blood glucose) (age 11-12 years) as per the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 metrics. ANALYSES Separate generalized linear models with log-Poisson links were used to estimate the effects of adverse and positive experiences on cardiovascular health, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS Children exposed to multiple adverse experiences (≥ 2) were less likely to have high cardiovascular health (RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.67 to 1.02) than those not exposed. Children exposed to multiple positive experiences (≥ 2) were more likely to have high cardiovascular health (RR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.94 to 1.38) than those not exposed. Stratified analyses suggested that exposure to multiple positive experiences might buffer the detrimental effects of multiple adverse experiences on cardiovascular health. CONCLUSIONS Both adverse and positive experiences were found to be modestly associated with cardiovascular health in Australian children. Future research and practice should not only consider addressing childhood adversity but also use a strengths-based approach to promoting positive experiences to improve cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaijun Guo
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Rushani Wijesuriya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Meredith O'Connor
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Children's LifeCourse Initiative, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Margarita Moreno-Betancur
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sharon Goldfeld
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Inflammatory Origins Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Liu
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Naomi Priest
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; The Centre for Social Policy Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Indigenous Health Equity Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Zhang Z, Ren H, Han R, Li Q, Yu J, Zhao Y, Tang L, Peng Y, Liu Y, Gan C, Liu K, Luo Q, Qiu H, Jiang C. Impact of childhood maltreatment on aging: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis of multiple age-related biomarkers. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:103. [PMID: 39103963 PMCID: PMC11299400 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01720-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment (CM) is linked to long-term adverse health outcomes, including accelerated biological aging and cognitive decline. This study investigates the relationship between CM and various aging biomarkers: telomere length, facial aging, intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA), GrimAge, HannumAge, PhenoAge, frailty index, and cognitive performance. METHODS We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study using published GWAS summary statistics. Aging biomarkers included telomere length (qPCR), facial aging (subjective evaluation), and epigenetic age markers (HannumAge, IEAA, GrimAge, PhenoAge). The frailty index was calculated from clinical assessments, and cognitive performance was evaluated with standardized tests. Analyses included Inverse-Variance Weighted (IVW), MR Egger, and Weighted Median (WM) methods, adjusted for multiple comparisons. RESULTS CM was significantly associated with shorter telomere length (IVW: β = - 0.1, 95% CI - 0.18 to - 0.02, pFDR = 0.032) and increased HannumAge (IVW: β = 1.33, 95% CI 0.36 to 2.3, pFDR = 0.028), GrimAge (IVW: β = 1.19, 95% CI 0.19 to 2.2, pFDR = 0.040), and PhenoAge (IVW: β = 1.4, 95% CI 0.12 to 2.68, pFDR = 0.053). A significant association was also found with the frailty index (IVW: β = 0.31, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.49, pFDR = 0.006). No significant associations were found with facial aging, IEAA, or cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS CM is linked to accelerated biological aging, shown by shorter telomere length and increased epigenetic aging markers. CM was also associated with increased frailty, highlighting the need for early interventions to mitigate long-term effects. Further research should explore mechanisms and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Chongqing Changshou District, Mental Health Center, Chongqing, 401231, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Rong Han
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Qiyin Li
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Jiangyou Yu
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Liwei Tang
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yadong Peng
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Cheng Gan
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Keyi Liu
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Qinghua Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haitang Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Chenggang Jiang
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China.
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China.
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Murphy A, England D, Elbarazi I, Horen N, Long T, Ismail-Allouche Z, Arafat C. The long shadow of accumulating adverse childhood experiences on mental health in the United Arab Emirates: implications for policy and practice. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1397012. [PMID: 39100953 PMCID: PMC11294934 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1397012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigates the cumulative effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on adult depression, anxiety, and stress in Abu Dhabi, controlling for demographic factors, lifestyle, and known health and mental health diagnoses. Methods Utilizing a cross-sectional design and self-report measures, the research aims to fill a critical gap in understanding the specific impacts of ACEs in the UAE. Based on a multi-site, cross-sectional community sample of 697 residents of Abu Dhabi. Results The findings reveal significant variances in current screening values for depression, anxiety, and stress attributable to ACEs after controlling for demographic factors, lifestyle risk factors, and adult diagnoses of health and mental health conditions. Discussion The results underline the lifelong impact of ACEs and reinforce the importance of early identification and intervention. In particular, the implications for policy and practice in understanding and mitigating ACEs long-term effects on mental health are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Murphy
- School of Psychology, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn England
- School of Education, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Iffat Elbarazi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Neal Horen
- Center for Child and Human Development, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Toby Long
- Center for Child and Human Development, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Zeina Ismail-Allouche
- Centre for the Study of Learning and Performance, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cairo Arafat
- Early Childhood Authority, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Sheng Z, Xiao W, Zhu S, Hao J, Ma J, Yao L, Song P. The association between adverse childhood experiences and sensory impairment in middle-aged and older adults: Evidence from a nationwide cohort study in China. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 149:106598. [PMID: 38158282 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory impairment (SI), as prevalent condition among the elderly, presents a substantial public health burden. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of cumulative and individual adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with SI. METHODS Chinese residents aged 45 years and above were recruited from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011-2018, using stratified random sampling. The number of ACEs was classified into "0 ACE", "1 to 3 ACEs", and "≥4 ACEs". SI was assessed with self-rated visual or hearing status. SI categories included single sensory impairment (SSI), which can be divided into single vision impairment and single hearing impairment. Possessing both vision impairment and hearing impairment was considered as dual sensory impairment (DSI). Longitudinal SI progression encompassed "maintained no SI", "no SI to SSI", "no SI to DSI", "maintained SSI", "SSI to DSI", and "maintained DSI". Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines models were used for analysis. RESULTS A total of 6812 participants entered the cross-sectional analysis and 5299 entered the longitudinal analysis. Compared to 0 ACE, ≥4 ACEs had a positive association with DSI (OR = 1.57, 95 % CI = 1.20-2.06) but not with single vision impairment (OR = 1.17, 95 % CI: 0.88-1.55) or single hearing impairment (OR = 1.10, 95 % CI: 0.71-1.70), and this association was observed only in females (OR = 1.73, 95 % CI = 1.20-2.51). A linear association was found between cumulative ACEs and both single vision impairment (p = 0.044) and DSI (p < 0.001). Compared to 0 ACE, ≥4 ACEs was associated with a higher risk of progression from SSI to DSI (OR = 1.71, 95 % CI = 1.03-2.84), and the maintained DSI (OR = 2.23, 95 % CI =1.37-3.65). CONCLUSION ACEs were found to be associated with an increased risk and more severe progression of SI later in life. It is imperative to address different types of ACE and incorporate sex-specific measures to mitigate the enduring sensory impact of ACEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Sheng
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhan Xiao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyu Zhu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiajun Hao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaying Ma
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingzi Yao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peige Song
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Hurst A, Shaw N, Carrieri D, Stein K, Wyatt K. Exploring the rise and diversity of health and societal issues that use a public health approach: A scoping review and narrative synthesis. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002790. [PMID: 38198448 PMCID: PMC10781110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
There is an increase in calls across diverse issues for a "public health approach" however, it is not clear whether there is any shared understanding in approach in its conceptualisation or implementation. Our aims were to (1) identify and categorise the issues which discuss a public health approach within published literature since 2010, (2) chart the descriptions and applications of public health approaches across and within four purposively sampled categories of issues, and (3) capture any evaluations conducted. A scoping review of published literature was undertaken; Seven leading databases were searched: AMED, APA PsycInfo, ASSIA, CINAHL complete, Cochrane Library (Review), Embase, and MEDLINE for articles published between 2010 and 2022 which have applied, described or called for a "public health approach" to address any issue. 3,573 studies were identified through our initial searches, of these 1,635 articles were recognised for possible inclusion from analysis of titles and abstract. The final number of included studies was 1,314. We identified 28 categories, 26 of which were societal issues, where a public health approach is being advocated. We purposively selected four of these categories; adverse childhood experiences; end of life care; gambling addiction and violence reduction/ knife crime for further analysis of the approach including how it was conceptualised and operationalised; less than 13% of the studies described the implementation of a public health approach and there was considerable heterogeneity across and within categories as to how this was done. Since 2010 there have been increasing calls for a public health approach to be taken to address health and societal challenges. However, the operationalisation of a public health approach varied extensively and there were few evaluations of the approach. This has implications for policy makers and those involved in commissioning related approaches in the future as the evidence-base is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Hurst
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Community Sciences, Relational Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Shaw
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Carrieri
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Community Sciences, Relational Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Ken Stein
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina Wyatt
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Community Sciences, Relational Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Sherin KM, Stillerman AJ, Chandrasekar L, Went NS, Niebuhr DW. Recommendations for Population-Based Applications of the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study: Position Statement by the American College of Preventive Medicine. AJPM FOCUS 2022; 1:100039. [PMID: 37791246 PMCID: PMC10546534 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2022.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Childhood adversity profoundly influences health, well-being, and longevity. Prevention and interventions to mitigate its harmful effects are essential. The American College of Preventive Medicine reviewed the research literature and other professional and governmental statements about adverse childhood experiences to support the development of evidence-based and population-focused recommendations about prevention, screening, and mitigation interventions for childhood adversity. Methods We performed an umbrella review to find, assess and synthesize the evidence from systematic reviews focused on 3 key questions: the prevention or mitigation of the effects of adverse childhood experiences; the association of screening for adverse childhood experiences with various benefits, including health outcomes; and the effectiveness and harms of interventions in individuals with elevated adverse childhood experience scores. Adverse childhood experience‒related recommendations from 6 professional and governmental organizations were also reviewed. On the basis of these reviews, the American College of Preventive Medicine developed a position statement through consensus. Results A total of 8 systematic reviews, including 260 studies in total, were identified and combined with adverse childhood experiences‒related recommendations from 6 professional organizations to support the American College of Preventive Medicine recommendations. The American College of Preventive Medicine offers 7 adverse childhood experiences‒related recommendations focused on screening, education/training, policy/practice, and research: 2 are evidence-based, and 5 are based on expert opinion. Notably, regarding secondary prevention of adverse childhood experiences, the American College of Preventive Medicine endorses population-level surveillance and research around childhood adversity but not adverse childhood experience screening in individual clinical encounters. Conclusions Despite limitations in the heterogeneity and quality of the published systematic reviews, the extant literature supports the American College of Preventive Medicine recommendations. Interventions to enhance protective factors and prevent and mitigate the consequences of adverse childhood experiences and other childhood adversity are promising and require further implementation and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Sherin
- Department of Family Medicine & Rural Health, Florida State University College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
- Department of Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
| | - Audrey J. Stillerman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School Health Centers, Office of Community Engagement and Neighborhood Health Partnerships, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Laxmipradha Chandrasekar
- Family Medicine Residency, AdventHealth Sebring, Sebring, Florida
- Clinical Operations, Clinica Mi Salud, Orlando, Florida
| | - Nils S. Went
- Collaborative Care Clinician, Clinica Mi Salud, Orlando, Florida
- Department of Psychiatry, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - David W. Niebuhr
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
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Matjasko JL, Herbst JH, Estefan LF. Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences: The Role of Etiological, Evaluation, and Implementation Research. Am J Prev Med 2022; 62:S6-S15. [PMID: 35597583 PMCID: PMC9215220 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Research on adverse childhood experiences is a vital part of the data-to-action link and the development of evidence-based public health and violence prevention practice. Etiological research helps to elucidate the key risk and protective factors for adverse childhood experiences and outcome research examines the consequences of exposure to them. Evaluation research is critical to building the evidence base for strategies that are likely to have a significant impact on preventing and reducing adverse experiences during childhood. Implementation research efforts inform the movement and scale-up of evidence-based findings to public health practice. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Violence Prevention located in the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control is investing in a number of research initiatives that are designed to advance what is known about the causes and consequences of adverse childhood experiences (i.e., etiological research), the strategies that are effective at reducing and preventing them (i.e., evaluation research), and how to best adapt and scale effective strategies (i.e., implementation research). This article complements the other articles in this Special Supplement by briefly providing a review of reviews for each of these areas and highlighting recent research investments and strategic directions by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the area of child abuse and neglect and adverse childhood experience prevention. Research investments are critical to advancing the evidence base on the prevention of adverse childhood experiences and to ensure safe, stable, and nurturing relationships and environments so that all children can live to their fullest potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Matjasko
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Jeffrey H Herbst
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lianne Fuino Estefan
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Gervin DW, Holland KM, Ottley PG, Holmes GM, Niolon PH, Mercy JA. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Investments in Adverse Childhood Experience Prevention Efforts. Am J Prev Med 2022; 62:S1-S5. [PMID: 35597578 PMCID: PMC11219185 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derrick W Gervin
- Extramural Research Program Operations, Office of Science, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Kristin M Holland
- Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Phyllis G Ottley
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gayle M Holmes
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Phyllis Holditch Niolon
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - James A Mercy
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Anderson KN, Swedo EA, Clayton HB, Niolon PH, Shelby D, McDavid Harrison K. Building Infrastructure for Surveillance of Adverse and Positive Childhood Experiences: Integrated, Multimethod Approaches to Generate Data for Prevention Action. Am J Prev Med 2022; 62:S31-S39. [PMID: 35597581 PMCID: PMC9210215 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Adverse and positive childhood experiences have a profound impact on lifespan health and well-being. However, their incorporation into ongoing population-based surveillance systems has been limited. This paper outlines critical steps in building a comprehensive approach to adverse and positive childhood experiences surveillance, provides examples from the Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences: Data to Action cooperative agreement, and describes improvements needed to optimize surveillance data for action. Components of a comprehensive approach to adverse and positive childhood experiences surveillance include revisiting definitions and measurement, including generating and using uniform definitions for adverse and positive childhood experiences across data collection efforts; conducting youth-based surveillance of adverse and positive childhood experiences; using innovative methods to gather and analyze near real-time data; leveraging available data, including from administrative sources; and integrating data on community- and societal-level risk and protective factors for adverse childhood experiences, including social and health inequities such as racism and poverty, as well as policies and conditions that create healthy environments for children and families. Comprehensive surveillance data on adverse and positive childhood experiences can inform data-driven prevention and intervention efforts, including focusing prevention programming and services to populations in greatest need. Data can be used to evaluate progress in reducing the occurrence of adverse childhood experiences and bolstering the occurrence of positive childhood experiences. Through expansion and improvement in adverse and positive childhood experiences surveillance-including at federal, state, territorial, tribal, and local levels-data-driven action can reduce children's exposure to violence and other adversities and improve lifelong health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla N Anderson
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Elizabeth A Swedo
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Heather B Clayton
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Phyllis Holditch Niolon
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Daniel Shelby
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kathleen McDavid Harrison
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Ottley PG, Barranco LS, Freire KE, Meehan AA, Shiver AJ, Lumpkin CD, Gervin DW, Holmes GM. Preventing Childhood Adversity Through Economic Support and Social Norm Strategies. Am J Prev Med 2022; 62:S16-S23. [PMID: 35597579 PMCID: PMC11045008 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Through the Essentials for Childhood program, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funds 7 state health departments (states) to address the urgent public health problem of adverse childhood experiences and child abuse and neglect, in particular. Through interviews and document reviews, the paper highlights the early implementation of 2 primary prevention strategies from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's child abuse and neglect technical package with the greatest potential for broad public health impact to prevent adverse childhood experiences-strengthening economic supports and changing social norms. States are focused on advancing family-friendly work policies such as paid family and medical leave, livable wage policies, flexible and consistent work schedules, as well as programs and policies that strengthen household financial security such as increasing access to Earned Income Tax Credit. In addition, states are launching campaigns that focus on reframing the way people think about child abuse and neglect and who is responsible for preventing it. State-level activities such as establishing a diverse coalition of partners, program champions, and state action planning have helped to leverage and align resources needed to implement, evaluate, and sustain programs. States are working to increase awareness and commitment to multisector efforts that reduce adverse childhood experiences and promote safe, stable, nurturing relationships and environments for children. Early learning from this funding opportunity indicates that using a public health approach, states are well positioned to implement comprehensive, primary prevention strategies and approaches to ensure population-level impact for preventing child abuse and neglect and other adverse childhood experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyllis G Ottley
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center on Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Lindsey S Barranco
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center on Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kimberley E Freire
- Department of Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences, Georgia State University School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ashley A Meehan
- Office of the Deputy Director for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Arielle J Shiver
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Corey D Lumpkin
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center on Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Derrick W Gervin
- Extramural Research Program Operations, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gayle M Holmes
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center on Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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