Transcatheter patch occlusion of ventricular septal defect in Down syndrome

Closure of interatrial defects by immediate-release patch

The Immediate-Release Patch is the newest version of the Transcatheter Patch, which is a bioabsorbable device for the closure of cardiac defects. Closure of 12 atrial septal defects and 1 fenestration was attempted using this device. Of the 13 devices used, 12 were implanted successfully (including that for the fenestration), whereas 1 device moved from the original position and was retrieved percutaneously. No other major adverse events occurred. After a median follow-up period of 11 months, trivial (≤ 2-mm) residual shunts remained in two patients, and a significant residual defect (7 mm) remained in 1 patient. The major advantages of this device include its wirelessness, its bioabsorbablity, potential application for defects up to 30 mm using only three sizes, its easier retrieval, and its ability to occlude defects with a deficient rim and some ostium primum and sinus venosus type defects. In contrast to the metal devices, it is bulkier and has a different application method requiring operator familiarity, and it sometimes leaves residual shunts.