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Karamasis GV, Kalogeropoulos AS, Mohdnazri SR, Al-Janabi F, Jones R, Jagathesan R, Aggarwal RK, Clesham GJ, Tang KH, Kelly PA, Davies JR, Werner GS, Keeble TR. Serial Fractional Flow Reserve Measurements Post Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2018; 11:e006941. [DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.118.006941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grigoris V. Karamasis
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge and Chelmsford, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., G.J.C., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | | | - Shah R. Mohdnazri
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge and Chelmsford, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., G.J.C., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | - Firas Al-Janabi
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge and Chelmsford, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., G.J.C., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | - Richard Jones
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | - Rohan Jagathesan
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | - Rajesh K. Aggarwal
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | - Gerald J. Clesham
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge and Chelmsford, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., G.J.C., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | - Kare H. Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | - Paul A. Kelly
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | - John R. Davies
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge and Chelmsford, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., G.J.C., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
| | - Gerald S. Werner
- Medizinische Klinik I (Cardiology & Intensive care), Klinikum Darmstadt GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany (G.S.W.)
| | - Thomas R. Keeble
- Department of Cardiology, Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., R. Jones, R. Jagathesan, R.K.A., G.J.C., K.H.T., P.A.K., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge and Chelmsford, United Kingdom (G.V.K., S.R.M., F.A.-J., G.J.C., J.R.D., T.R.K.)
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Azzalini L, Giustino G, Ojeda S, Serra A, La Manna A, Ly HQ, Bellini B, Benincasa S, Chavarría J, Gheorghe LL, Longo G, Miccichè E, D'Agosta G, Picard F, Pan M, Tamburino C, Latib A, Carlino M, Chieffo A, Colombo A. Procedural and Long-Term Outcomes of Bioresorbable Scaffolds Versus Drug-Eluting Stents in Chronic Total Occlusions: The BONITO Registry (Bioresorbable Scaffolds Versus Drug-Eluting Stents in Chronic Total Occlusions). Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 9:CIRCINTERVENTIONS.116.004284. [PMID: 27765802 DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.116.004284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) for the percutaneous treatment of chronic total occlusions. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a multicenter registry of consecutive chronic total occlusion patients treated with BRS (Absorb; Abbott Vascular) and second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) at 5 institutions. Long-term target-vessel failure (a composite of cardiac death, target-vessel myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven target-lesion revascularization) was the primary end point. Inverse probability of treatment weight-adjusted Cox regression was used to account for pretreatment differences between the 2 groups. A total of 537 patients (n=153 BRS; n=384 DES) were included. BRS patients were younger and had lower prevalence of comorbidities. Overall mean Japan-Chronic Total Occlusion (J-CTO) score was 1.43±1.16, with no differences between groups. Procedural success was achieved in 99.3% and 96.6% of BRS- and DES-treated patients, respectively (P=0.07). At a median follow-up of 703 days, there were no differences in target-vessel failure between BRS and DES (4.6% versus 7.7%; P=0.21). By adjusted Cox regression analysis, there were still no significant differences between BRS and DES (hazard ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.69-3.72; P=0.34). However, secondary analyses suggested a signal toward higher ischemia-driven target-lesion revascularization with BRS. CONCLUSIONS Implantation of BRS versus second-generation DES in chronic total occlusion was associated with similar risk of target-vessel failure at long-term follow-up. However, a signal toward increased ischemia-driven target-lesion revascularization with BRS was observed. Large randomized studies should confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Azzalini
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.).
| | - Gennaro Giustino
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Soledad Ojeda
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Antonio Serra
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Alessio La Manna
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Hung Q Ly
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Barbara Bellini
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Susanna Benincasa
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Jorge Chavarría
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Livia L Gheorghe
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Giovanni Longo
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Eligio Miccichè
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Guido D'Agosta
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Fabien Picard
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Manuel Pan
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Corrado Tamburino
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Azeem Latib
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Mauro Carlino
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Alaide Chieffo
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
| | - Antonio Colombo
- From the Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (L.A., B.B., S.B., A.L., M.C., A. Chieffo, A. Colombo); Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.G.); Department of Cardiology, Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Spain (S.O., J.C., M.P.); Interventional Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (A.S., L.L.G.); Division of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital and Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele University Hospitals, Catania, Italy (A.L.M., G.L., E.M., G.D., C.T.); and Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, QC, Canada (H.Q.L., F.P.)
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