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Vitali F, Malagù M, Bianchi N, De Raffele M, Manfrini M, Gibiino F, Boccadoro A, Azzolini G, Balla C, Bertini M. Ultrasound-Guided Venous Axillary Access Versus Standard Fluoroscopic Technique for Cardiac Lead Implantation: ZEROFLUOROAXI Randomized Trial. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024:S2405-500X(23)00900-3. [PMID: 38243998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Axillary vein puncture (AVP) and cephalic vein surgical cutdown are recommended in international guidelines because of their low risk of pneumothorax and chronic lead complications. Directly visualizing and puncturing the axillary vein under ultrasound guidance reduces radiation exposure, provides direct needle visualization, and lowers periprocedural complications. Our hypothesis is that ultrasound-guided axillary access is safer and more feasible than the standard fluoroscopic technique. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided axillary venous access during cardiac lead implantation for pacemakers (PMs) and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantations. METHODS Patients were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to either axillary venous access under fluoroscopic guidance or ultrasound-guided axillary venous access. The composite outcome, including pneumothorax, hemothorax, inadvertent arterial puncture, pocket hematoma, pocket infection, lead dislodgement, and death, was evaluated 30 days after implantation. RESULTS We randomized 270 patients into 2 groups: the standard group for fluoroguided AVP (n = 134) and the experimental group for ultrasound-guided AVP (n = 136). No disparities in baseline characteristics were observed between the groups. The median age of the patients was 81 years, with women comprising 41% of the population. The majority of patients received single- and dual-chamber PMs (87% vs 88%; P = 1.00), and slightly over 10% in both groups received ICDs (13% vs 12%; P = 0.85). In total, we placed 357 leads in PMs and 48 leads in ICDs. Among these, 295 leads were inserted via axillary vein access and 110 via cephalic vein access. Notably, the subclavian vein was never used as a vascular access. The composite outcome was lower in the ultrasound group according to intention-to-treat analysis (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.31-0.99; P = 0.034). The main difference within the composite outcome was the lower incidence of inadvertent axillary arterial puncture in the experimental group (17% vs 6%; P = 0.004). The ultrasound group also exhibited lower total procedural x-ray exposure (10,344 μGy × cm2 vs 7,119 μGy × cm2; P = 0.002) while achieving the same rate of success at the first attempt (61% vs 69%; P = 0.375). CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound-guided AVP is safer than the fluoroscopy-guided approach because it achieves the same rate of acute success while maintaining low total procedural radiation exposure. Ultrasound AVP should be considered the optimal venous access method for cardiac lead implantation. (Ultrasound Guided Axillary Access vs Standard Fluoroscopic Technique for Cardiac Lead Implantation [ZEROFLUOROAXI]; NCT05101720).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Vitali
- Cardiology Unit, Sant'Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Michele Malagù
- Cardiology Unit, Sant'Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Bianchi
- Cardiology Unit, Sant'Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina De Raffele
- Cardiology Unit, Sant'Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Manfrini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Centre for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federico Gibiino
- Cardiology Unit, Sant'Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Boccadoro
- Cardiology Unit, Sant'Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgia Azzolini
- Cardiology Unit, Sant'Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Balla
- Cardiology Unit, Sant'Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertini
- Cardiology Unit, Sant'Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Martin AC, Weizman O, Sellal JM, Algalarrondo V, Amara W, Bouzeman A, Gandjbakhch E, Lellouche N, Louembe J, Menet A, Roumegou P, Treguer F, Godier A, Boveda S, Garcia R, Marijon E. Impact of peri-procedural management of direct oral anticoagulants on pocket haematoma after cardiac electronic device implantation: the StimAOD multicentre prospective study. Europace 2023; 25:euad057. [PMID: 36932714 PMCID: PMC10227661 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The study aims to investigate the impact of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) management on the incidence of pocket haematoma in patients undergoing pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation. METHODS AND RESULTS All consecutive patients receiving DOAC and undergoing cardiac electronic device implantation were included in a large multicentre prospective observational study (NCT03879473). The primary endpoint was clinically relevant haematoma within 30 days after implantation. Overall, 789 patients were enrolled [median age 80 (IQR 72-85) years old, 36.4% women, median CHA2DS2-VASc score 4 (IQR 0-8)], of which 632 (80.1%) received a pacemaker implantation. Antiplatelet therapy was combined with DOAC in 146 patients (18.5%). Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) were interrupted 52 (IQR 37-62) h before the procedure and resumed 31 (IQR 21-47) h later. Ninety-six percent of the patients had at least 12 h DOAC interruption before the procedure, and 78% had at least 12 h DOAC interruption after the procedure. Overall, anticoagulation was interrupted for 72 (IQR 48-96) h. Pre- or post-procedural heparin bridging was used in 8.2% and 3.9%, respectively. Timing of DOAC interruption of resumption was not associated with clinically relevant haematoma. Clinically relevant haematoma occurred in 26 patients (3.3%), and thromboembolic events occurred in 5 patients (0.6%). CONCLUSION In this large real-life registry where most patients had DOAC interruption, clinically relevant haematoma was rare. Despite DOAC interruption and high CHA2DS2-VASc score, thromboembolic events occurred seldomly, highlighting that bleeding exceeds thromboembolic risk in this peri-procedural period. Future research is needed to identify risk factors for clinically relevant haematoma and meaningfully guide clinicians in optimizing DOAC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Céline Martin
- Department of Cardiology, AP HP, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, 4 Rue de l'Observatoire 75006 Paris, France
| | - Orianne Weizman
- Department of Cardiology, AP HP, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), INSERM Unit 970, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Sellal
- Department of Cardiology, Nancy University Hospital, Rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Vincent Algalarrondo
- Department of Cardiology, Rhythm Disorders Unit, Bichat Hospital, AP-HP, 46 Rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Walid Amara
- Department of Cardiology, GHI Le Raincy Montfermeil, 10 Rue du Général Leclerc, 93370 Montfermeil, France
| | - Abdeslam Bouzeman
- Department of Cardiology, Parly 2 Private Hospital, 21 Rue Moxouris, 78150 Le Chesnay-Rocquencourt, France
| | - Estelle Gandjbakhch
- Department of Cardiology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Institute of Cardiology, 47-83 Bd de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, 1166 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lellouche
- Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Henri MONDOR, AP-HP, 1 Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Jules Louembe
- Department of Cardiology, Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Percy, 2 Rue Lieutenant Raoul Batany, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Aymeric Menet
- Laboratoire ETHICS, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Service de Cardiologie USIC, Université Catholique de Lille, Rue du Grand But, 59400 Lille, France
| | - Pierre Roumegou
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Poitiers, 2 Rue de la Milétrie, 86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Frederic Treguer
- Department of Cardiology, Clinique Saint Joseph, 51 Rue de la Foucaudière, 49800 Trélazé, France
| | - Anne Godier
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, 4 Rue de l'Observatoire 75006 Paris, France
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, APHP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Serge Boveda
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), INSERM Unit 970, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- Cardiology—Heart Rhythm Management Department, Clinique Pasteur, 45 Avenue de Lombez, 31076 Toulouse, France
- Universiteit Ziekenhuis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Jette Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rodrigue Garcia
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Poitiers, 2 Rue de la Milétrie, 86000 Poitiers, France
- CIC1402, University Hospital of Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Eloi Marijon
- Department of Cardiology, AP HP, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), INSERM Unit 970, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
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Risk Scores for Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infection: Which One to Believe In? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216556. [PMID: 36362784 PMCID: PMC9656546 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections are important complications of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED), with a high prognostic impact. Several risk factors for CIED infections are known. Different studies have been published proposing different risk scores, in order to preoperatively assess the individual likelihood of developing a CIED infection. Among the different scores, large heterogeneity exists and there is no consensus or convergence on a single score finding large applicability in global practice. The aim of this review is to comprehensively present and analyze all the available risk scores for CIED infection, with particular regard to the evidence of comparison studies.
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Khan HR. A First-in-Human Complete Insertion of Single-Chamber Cardiac Pacemaker Using Ultrasound. JACC Case Rep 2022; 4:101528. [PMID: 36507287 PMCID: PMC9730044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2022.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pacemaker insertion incurs significant costs for fluoroscopy machines and operator-related musculoskeletal injuries from long-term use of radiation protection equipment. Moreover, there are small potential risks to patients from pneumothorax, lead dislodgment, and cardiac perforation. We report a first-in-human case report of successful pacemaker insertion performed entirely with ultrasound. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Rehman Khan
- Address for correspondence: Dr Habib Khan, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, London Health Sciences Center, Western University, Room C6-114, 339 Windermere Road, London, Ontario N6G5A5, Canada. @Dr_Habib_Khan
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Three-Dimensional Electro-Anatomical Mapping and Myocardial Work Performance during Spontaneous Rhythm, His Bundle Pacing and Right Ventricular Pacing: The EMPATHY Study. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9110377. [PMID: 36354776 PMCID: PMC9698308 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9110377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. His bundle pacing (HBP) has emerged as an alternative site to right ventricular pacing (RVP) with encouraging outcomes. To date, no study has investigated the systematic approach of three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping (3D-EAM) to guide HBP implantation and to evaluate myocardial activation timing. Furthermore, studies reporting a comprehensive assessment of the ventricular function, using myocardial work (MW) evaluation are lacking. Objectives. (1) To evaluate the systematic use of the 3D-EAM as a guide to HBP; (2) to assess the electrical and mechanical activations with high-density mapping, comparing spontaneous ventricular activation (SVA), HBP and RVP; (3) to assess the myocardial function through speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) and MW analysis in SVA, HBP and RVP. Methods. 3D-EAM was performed in consecutive patients undergoing HBP implantation with a low use of fluoroscopy. All patients were systematically evaluated with high-density mapping, MW and STE. Results. Fifteen patients were enrolled, of whom three had an implant failure (20%). RV activation time was not statistically different between SVA and HBP (103 vs. 104 ms, p = 0.969) but was significantly higher in RVP (133 ms, p = 0.011 vs. SVA and p = 0.001 vs HBP). Global constructive work was significantly lower during RVP (1191 mmHg%) than during SVA and HBP (1648 and 1505 mmHg%, p = 0.011 and p = 0.008, respectively) and did not differ between SVA and HBP (p = 0.075). Conclusions. 3D-EAM and MW evaluation showed that HBP was comparable to the physiological SVA in terms of activation time and cardiac performance. Compared to both SVA and HBP, RVP was associated with a worse activation timing and ventricular efficiency.
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Fensman SK, Grove EL, Johansen JB, Jørgensen OD, Frausing MHJP, Kirkfeldt RE, Nielsen JC. Predictors of pocket hematoma after cardiac implantable electronic device surgery: A nationwide cohort study. J Arrhythm 2022; 38:748-755. [PMID: 36237873 PMCID: PMC9535764 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Clinically significant pocket hematoma (CSH) is a common complication to cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) surgery. We aimed to evaluate predictors of CSH after CIED surgery. Methods We performed a nationwide population-based prospective cohort study with systematic patient chart review of all Danish patients undergoing CIED surgery during a 12-month period. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals for association between predictors and CSH. Results We included 5918 consecutive patients, 63% males, mean age 72.6 years. A total of 148 (2.5%) patients experienced CSH, including 10 patients (0.2%) requiring re-operation with hematoma evacuation. The risk of CSH was significantly increased in patients treated with aspirin (aOR 1.8; 1.2-2.7), aspirin and clopidogrel (aOR 3.9; 2.3-6.5), or heparin (aOR 2.1; 1.1-4.1), and in patients with INR≥2.0 (aOR 2.0; 1.2-3.2). Patients operated by low-volume operators (aOR 2.7; 1.6-4.6) or undergoing more complex CIED surgery such as cardiac resynchronization therapy (aOR 2.0; 1.1-3.5) or dual-chamber defibrillator (aOR 2.1; 1.2-3.8) also had significantly increased CSH risk. Conclusion In a large nationwide cohort of consecutive patients undergoing CIED surgery, the risk of CSH was 2.5%, with 0.2% necessitating evacuation. CSH risk was increased both in patients receiving aspirin, dual antiplatelet therapy or continued vitamin K-antagonist therapy. Dual antiplatelet therapy had the highest risk (aOR) of CSH. Both low operator volume and more complex CIED surgery were independently associated with higher CSH risk. These data should be considered when planning CIED surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erik Lerkevang Grove
- Department of CardiologyAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of HealthAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Jens Brock Johansen
- Department of CardiologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- The Danish Pacemaker and ICD RegisterOdense UniversityOdenseDenmark
| | - Ole Dan Jørgensen
- The Danish Pacemaker and ICD RegisterOdense UniversityOdenseDenmark
- Department of Heart, Lung, and Vascular SurgeryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | | | - Rikke Esberg Kirkfeldt
- Department of CardiologyAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- The Danish Pacemaker and ICD RegisterOdense UniversityOdenseDenmark
| | - Jens Cosedis Nielsen
- Department of CardiologyAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of HealthAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
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2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy. Translation of the document prepared by the Czech Society of Cardiology. COR ET VASA 2022. [DOI: 10.33678/cor.2022.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Glikson M, Nielsen JC, Kronborg MB, Michowitz Y, Auricchio A, Barbash IM, Barrabés JA, Boriani G, Braunschweig F, Brignole M, Burri H, Coats AJ, Deharo JC, Delgado V, Diller GP, Israel CW, Keren A, Knops RE, Kotecha D, Leclercq C, Merkely B, Starck C, Thylén I, Tolosana JM. Grupo de trabajo sobre estimulación cardiaca y terapia de resincronización cardiaca de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología (ESC). Rev Esp Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2021.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Glikson M, Nielsen JC, Kronborg MB, Michowitz Y, Auricchio A, Barbash IM, Barrabés JA, Boriani G, Braunschweig F, Brignole M, Burri H, Coats AJS, Deharo JC, Delgado V, Diller GP, Israel CW, Keren A, Knops RE, Kotecha D, Leclercq C, Merkely B, Starck C, Thylén I, Tolosana JM, Leyva F, Linde C, Abdelhamid M, Aboyans V, Arbelo E, Asteggiano R, Barón-Esquivias G, Bauersachs J, Biffi M, Birgersdotter-Green U, Bongiorni MG, Borger MA, Čelutkienė J, Cikes M, Daubert JC, Drossart I, Ellenbogen K, Elliott PM, Fabritz L, Falk V, Fauchier L, Fernández-Avilés F, Foldager D, Gadler F, De Vinuesa PGG, Gorenek B, Guerra JM, Hermann Haugaa K, Hendriks J, Kahan T, Katus HA, Konradi A, Koskinas KC, Law H, Lewis BS, Linker NJ, Løchen ML, Lumens J, Mascherbauer J, Mullens W, Nagy KV, Prescott E, Raatikainen P, Rakisheva A, Reichlin T, Ricci RP, Shlyakhto E, Sitges M, Sousa-Uva M, Sutton R, Suwalski P, Svendsen JH, Touyz RM, Van Gelder IC, Vernooy K, Waltenberger J, Whinnett Z, Witte KK. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy. Europace 2022; 24:71-164. [PMID: 34455427 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Glikson M, Nielsen JC, Kronborg MB, Michowitz Y, Auricchio A, Barbash IM, Barrabés JA, Boriani G, Braunschweig F, Brignole M, Burri H, Coats AJS, Deharo JC, Delgado V, Diller GP, Israel CW, Keren A, Knops RE, Kotecha D, Leclercq C, Merkely B, Starck C, Thylén I, Tolosana JM. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:3427-3520. [PMID: 34455430 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 893] [Impact Index Per Article: 297.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Malagù M, Vitali F, Brieda A, Cimaglia P, De Raffele M, Tazzari E, Musolino C, Balla C, Serenelli M, Cultrera R, Rapezzi C, Bertini M. Antibiotic prophylaxis based on individual infective risk stratification in cardiac implantable electronic device: the PRACTICE study. Europace 2021; 24:413-420. [PMID: 34487163 PMCID: PMC8892070 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims In patients undergoing cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) intervention, routine pre-procedure antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended. A more powerful antibiotic protocol has been suggested in patients at high risk of infection. Stratification of individual infective risk could guide the prophylaxis before CIED procedure. Methods and results Patients undergoing CIED surgery were stratified according to the Shariff score in low and high infective risk. Patients in the ‘low-risk’ group were treated with only two antibiotic administrations while patients in the ‘high-risk’ group were treated with a prolonged 9-day protocol, according to renal function and allergies. We followed-up patients for 250 days with clinical outpatient visit and electronic control of the CIED. As primary endpoint, we evaluated CIED-related infections. A total of 937 consecutive patients were enrolled, of whom 735 were stratified in the ‘low-risk’ group and 202 in the ‘high-risk’ group. Despite different risk profiles, CIED-related infection rate at 250 days was similar in the two groups (8/735 in ‘low risk’ vs. 4/202 in ‘high risk’, P = 0.32). At multivariate analysis, active neoplasia, haematoma, and reintervention were independently associated with CIED-related infection (HR 5.54, 10.77, and 12.15, respectively). Conclusion In a large cohort of patients undergoing CIED procedure, an antibiotic prophylaxis based on individual stratification of infective risk resulted in similar rate of infection between groups at high and low risk of CIED-related infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Malagù
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Vitali
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Brieda
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Cimaglia
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina De Raffele
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Enea Tazzari
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Musolino
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Balla
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Serenelli
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rosario Cultrera
- Infectious Disease Unit, S. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Rapezzi
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertini
- Cardiological Center, S. Anna University Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona Ferrara, Italy
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Balla C, Brieda A, Righetto A, Vitali F, Malagù M, Cultrera R, Bertini M. Predictors of infection after "de novo" cardiac electronic device implantation. Eur J Intern Med 2020; 77:73-78. [PMID: 32127301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection is a major complication that increases morbidity and mortality after the procedure. Several infection risk scores have been suggested to identify patients at higher pre-procedural risk of infection OBJECTIVE: this study sought to evaluate rates of infection, potential risk factors and the role of a modified "Shariff" score as predictor of infection in high-risk patients undergoing de novo CIED implantation. METHODS AND RESULTS We retrospectively analysed 1391 patients underwent a de novo CIED procedure during the study period. At the median follow-up of 48 months, 20 patients of 1391 (1.4%) developed a CIED-related infective event. In our population, we studied a modified version of the "Shariff" score for only first-time implant patients. At multivariate regression analysis, three factors were independent predictors of infection: previous pocket hematoma [RR 27.2 (8.30-54.02), p = 10-10], a Shariff Score ≥ 4 [RR 3.20 (1.29-12.59), p= 0.029]. and reintervention for catheter malfunction or dislocation [RR 3.57 (1.2-37.4), p= 0.048]. CONCLUSIONS a "Shariff" score > 4 is suggested as a predictor of higher risk of infection in patients after de novo device implantation. The use of an infection risk score may help to improve tailored pre-operatory strategies to prevent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Balla
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona (FE), Italy.
| | - A Brieda
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona (FE), Italy
| | - A Righetto
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona (FE), Italy
| | - F Vitali
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona (FE), Italy
| | - M Malagù
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona (FE), Italy; Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona (FE), Italy
| | - R Cultrera
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona (FE), Italy
| | - M Bertini
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona (FE), Italy
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Balla C, Malagu' M, Fabbian F, Guarino M, Zaraket F, Brieda A, Smarrazzo V, Ferrari R, Bertini M. Prognosis after pacemaker implantation in extreme elderly. Eur J Intern Med 2019; 65:37-43. [PMID: 31097259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Significant comorbidities may limit the potential benefit of pacemaker (PM) implantation in extreme elderly. A short-term mortality risk prediction score, able to identify high-risk patients, may be a useful tool in this population. METHODS AND RESULTS We retrospectively analyzed 538 patients aged >80 years at the time of implant who underwent PM implantation. Kaplan-Meier survival and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to identify patient, procedural or complication variables predictive of death. The ACP (Aging in Cardiac Pacing) Score was constructed by assigning weighted values to the variables identified by hazard ratios, combined into an additive mortality risk score equation. One, two and three-year overall mortality rate was 11%, 21% and 32% respectively. Renal failure (HR 1.63; CI 1.15-2.31; p = .006), active neoplasia (HR 1.78; CI 1.27-2.51; p = .008), connective tissue disorder (3.07; CI 1.34-7.08; p = .048), cerebrovascular disease (HR 1.75; CI 1.25-2.46; p = .001) and the use of a single lead device (HR 2.27; CI 1.6-3.24; p < .001) were independently associated with worse survival. The ACP Score showed discrete predictive ability (AUC 0,6792 CI 0,63-0,73). Kaplan-Meier survival curves comparing low vs high ACP Scores demonstrated that low ACP scores were associated with reduced mortality rates (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Significant comorbidities were associated with worse survival after PM implantation in extreme elderly. The ACP Score is a novel tool that may help to identify patients with high mortality risk after device implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Balla
- Cardiovascular Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Michele Malagu'
- Cardiovascular Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Guarino
- Cardiovascular Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fatima Zaraket
- Cardiovascular Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Ferrari
- Cardiovascular Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care&Research, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertini
- Cardiovascular Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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14
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Biffi M, Ammendola E, Menardi E, Parisi Q, Narducci ML, De Filippo P, Manzo M, Stabile G, Potenza DR, Zanon F, Quartieri F, Rillo M, Saporito D, Zacà V, Berisso MZ, Bertini M, Tumietto F, Malacrida M, Diemberger I. Real-life outcome of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization defibrillator replacement/upgrade in a contemporary population: observations from the multicentre DECODE registry. Europace 2019; 21:1527-1536. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euz166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
The benefit of prolonged implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)/cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) therapy following device replacement is hindered by clinical and procedure-related adverse events (AEs). Adverse events rate is highest in more complex devices and at upgrades, as per the REPLACE registry experience, but is changing owing to the improvement in device technology and medical care. We aimed at understanding the extent and type of AEs in a contemporary Italian population.
Methods and results
Detect long-term complications after ICD replacement (DECODE) was a prospective, single-arm, multicentre cohort study aimed at estimating medium- to long-term AEs in a large population of patients undergoing ICD/cardiac resynchronization defibrillator replacement/upgrade from 2013 to 2015. We prospectively analysed all clinical and device-related AEs at 12-month follow-up (FU) of 983 consecutive patients (median age 71 years, 76% male, 55% ischaemic, 47% CRT-D) followed for 353 ± 49 days. Seven percent of the patients died (60.6% for cardiovascular reasons), whereas 104 AEs occurred; 43 (4.4%) patients needed at least one surgical action to treat the AE. Adverse events rates were 3.3/100 years lead-related, 3.4/100 years bleedings, and 1.6/100 years infective. The primary endpoint was predicted by hospitalization in the month prior to the procedure [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.23, 1.16–4.29; 0.0169] and by upgrade (HR = 1.75, 1.02–2.99, 0.0441). One hundred and twelve (11.4%) patients met the combined endpoint of death from any cause, cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED)-related infection, and surgical action/hospitalization required to treat the AE. Hospitalization within 30 days prior to the procedure (HR = 2.07, 1.13–3.81; 0.0199), anticoagulation (HR = 1.97, 1.26–3.07; 0.003), and ischaemic cardiomyopathy (HR = 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.06–2.63; P = 0.0276) were associated with the combined endpoint during FU.
Conclusions
Adverse events following CIED replacement/upgrade are lower than previously reported, possibly owing to improved patients care. Hospitalization in the month prior to the procedure, upgrade, and clinical profile (anticoagulation, ischaemic cardiomyopathy) hint to increased risk, suggesting an individualized planning of the procedure to minimize overall AEs.
Clinical trial registration
URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ Identifier: NCT02076789.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Biffi
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti n. 9, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Quintino Parisi
- Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura Giovanni Paolo II, Campobasso, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Manzo
- A.O. Universitaria S. Giovanni Di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Fabio Quartieri
- A.O. IRCCS Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova Di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Valerio Zacà
- Arrhythmology Unit, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, AOU Senese, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Bertini
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Di Ferrara Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Tumietto
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti n. 9, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Igor Diemberger
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti n. 9, Bologna, Italy
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15
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Kim DH, Choi JI, Lee KN, Ahn J, Roh SY, Lee DI, Shim J, Kim JS, Lim HE, Park SW, Kim YH. Long-term clinical outcomes of catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation predisposing to tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome: a long pause predicts implantation of a permanent pacemaker. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:106. [PMID: 29843616 PMCID: PMC5975575 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0834-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a controversy as to whether catheter ablation should be the first-line therapy for tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome (TBS) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods We aimed to investigate long-term clinical outcomes of catheter ablation in patients with TBS and AF. Among 145 consecutive patients who underwent catheter ablation of AF with TBS, 121 patients were studied. Results Among 121 patients, 11 (9.1%) received implantation of a permanent pacemaker during a mean 21 months after ablation. Length of pause on termination of AF was significantly greater in patients who received pacemaker implantation after ablation than those who underwent ablation only (7.9 ± 3.5 vs. 5.1 ± 2.1 s, p < 0.001). Using a multivariate model, a long pause of 6.3 s or longer after termination of AF was associated with the requirement to implant a permanent pacemaker after ablation (HR 1.332, 95% CI 1.115-1.591, p = 0.002). Conclusion This study suggests that, in patients with AF predisposing to TBS, long pause on termination of AF predicts the need to implant a permanent pacemaker after catheter ablation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12872-018-0834-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyeok Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang No Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Ahn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Young Roh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae In Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Shim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Euy Lim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Weon Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Zheng C, Lin WQ, Lin YZ, Lian H, Liu ZR, Chen JH, Lin JF. Case presentation: implantation of cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker via the coronary sinus in a patient with triple valve replacement. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:37. [PMID: 29466958 PMCID: PMC5822565 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with triple valve replacement developing third-degree atrioventricular block (AVB), the most appropriate approach for permanent pacemaker implantation remains questionable. Case presentation In this case presentation, we first described the approach of implantation of the cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker (CRT-P) via one bipolar pacing lead in middle cardiac vein (MCV) and one quadripolar pacing lead in anterior interventricular vein (AIV) in a patient developing complete AVB, who had been previously diagnosed with rheumatic valvular heart disease with triple valve replaced. After the CRT-P implantation, the two pacing leads in coronary sinus (CS) provided a dual-site ventricular pacing from the anterior septum and posterior septum, which resulted in a narrow QRS complex and an increased ventricular synchrony. During the long-term follow-up, no deterioration of heart function was documented and pacing parameters remained good. Conclusion In this patient developing complete AVB with triple valve replaced, our approach of CRT-P implantation provides an effective and reliable ventricular pacing, and is an alternative option when transvenous right ventricular pacing, transseptal left ventricular pacing and transpericardial epicardium pacing are not possible. Further prospective randomized trials are required to confirm the efficiency of our approach of dual-site ventricular pacing by CRT-P in this kind patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Wei-Qian Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Hao Lian
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Zhi-Rui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jia-Hui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taishun general hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jia-Feng Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
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Zacà V, Breschi M, Mandorli A, Panchetti L, Ricciardi G, Viani S, Notarstefano P. Rationale, study design, and pilot phase of tHE Management of AntiThrOMbotic therApy (HEMATOMA) in patients undergoing electrophysiological device surgery. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2017; 18:897-899. [DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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