Meta-Analysis Comparing Hypothermia Versus Normothermia in Patients After a Cardiac Arrest

Factors predicting mortality in the cardiac ICU during the early phase of targeted temperature management in the treatment of post-cardiac arrest syndrome - The RAPID score

Introduction

Survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remain low, and early prognostication is challenging. While numerous intensive care unit scoring systems exist, their utility in the early hours following hospital admission, specifically in the targeted temperature management (TTM) population, is questionable. Our aim was to create a score system that may accurately estimate outcome within the first 12 h after admission in patients receiving TTM.

Methods

We analyzed data from 103 OHCA patients who subsequently underwent TTM between 2016 and 2022. Patient demographic data, prehospital characteristics, clinical and laboratory parameters were already available in the first 12 h after admission were collected. Following a bootstrap-based predictor selection, we constructed a nonlinear logistic regression model. Internal validation was performed using bootstrap resampling. Discrimination was described using the c-statistic, whereas calibration was characterized by the intercept and slope.

Results

According to the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) heart rate (AIC = 9.24, p = 0.0013), age (AIC = 4.39, p = 0.0115), pH (AIC = 3.68, p = 0.0171), initial rhythm (AIC = 4.76, p = 0.0093) and right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (AIC = 2.49, p = 0.0342) were associated with 30-day mortality and were used to build our predictive model and nomogram. The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve for the model was 0.84. The model achieved a C-statistic of 0.7974, with internally validated acceptable calibration (intercept: -0.0190, slope: 0.7772) and low error rates (mean absolute error: 0.040).

Conclusion

The model we have developed may be suitable for early risk assessment of patients receiving TTM as part of primary post-resuscitation care. The calculator needed for scoring can be accessed at the following link: https://www.rapidscore.eu/.

[Hypothermic temperature control after successful resuscitation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in adults : Statement from the resuscitation and postresuscitation treatment working groups of the German Society of Medical Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (DGIIN) and the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI), the German Society for Interdisciplinary Emergency and Acute Medicine (DGINA) and the Austrian Association of Emergency Medicine (AAEM)]

In Germany per year approximately 60,000 and in Austria 5,000 adult patients suffer from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Only 10-15% of these patients survive without neurological damage. For decades hypothermic temperature control has been a central component of post-resuscitation treatment, but is controversial due to recently published studies.