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Srivatsa S, Smith CJ, Sangüeza OP, Miedema J, Collichio FA, Googe PB. Lymphangitic Melanomatosis: Case Report of Intralymphatic Spread of Melanoma in a 66-year-old Man. Am J Dermatopathol 2024; 46:316-319. [PMID: 38574049 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Melanoma with lymphatic invasion has been associated with increased risk of metastasis, but the mechanisms and clinical implications are poorly understood. Although current reports have documented angiotropic spread of melanoma and suggest lymphatic spread of melanoma to increase the likelihood of metastasis, to our knowledge, lymphangitic metastatic melanoma resembling cutaneous carcinomatosis or presenting with facial hyperpigmentation has not been described. In this case report, we describe extensive cutaneous intralymphatic spread of melanoma, or lymphangitic melanomatosis, producing macular skin pigmentation in a 66-year-old man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Srivatsa
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Collin-Jamal Smith
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Omar P Sangüeza
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; and
| | - Jayson Miedema
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Frances A Collichio
- Division of Oncology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Paul B Googe
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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2
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Deicke M, Alhuneafat L, Obaid O, Adeniyi A, Raina A, Kassis‐George H. Rapidly progressive pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure in a heart and kidney transplant recipient. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6631. [PMID: 36483880 PMCID: PMC9723255 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A 54-year-old man status post heart and kidney transplant presented with dyspnea. Imaging was consistent with lymphangitic carcinomatosis (LC), in the setting of biopsy proven adenocarcinoma. He developed pulmonary hypertension (PH) and died of right ventricular failure (RVF) 3 weeks later. Acute PH with radiographic features of LC in a high-risk patient warrants expedited malignancy investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Deicke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health NetworkAllegheny General HospitalPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Laith Alhuneafat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health NetworkAllegheny General HospitalPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Omar Obaid
- Department of CardiologySt. Mary Medical CenterHobartIndianaUSA
| | - Aderonke Adeniyi
- Alice Hyde Medical CenterUniversity of Vermont Health NetworkMaloneNew YorkUSA
| | - Amresh Raina
- Section of Advanced Heart Failure and Pulmonary HypertensionCardiovascular Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Allegheny General HospitalPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Hayah Kassis‐George
- Section of Advanced Heart Failure and Pulmonary HypertensionCardiovascular Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Allegheny General HospitalPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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Sarikaya I. Biology of Cancer and PET Imaging: Pictorial Review. J Nucl Med Technol 2022; 50:jnmt.121.263534. [PMID: 35440477 DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.121.263534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Development and spread of cancer is a multi-step and complex process which involves number of alterations, interactions and molecular networks. PET imaging is closely related with biology of cancer as it detects the cancer based on biological and pathological changes in tumor cells and tumor microenvironment. In this review article, biology of development and spread of cancer and role of PET imaging in Oncology was summarized and supported with various PET images demonstrating cancer spread patterns.
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Guarnera A, Santini E, Podda P. COVID-19 Pneumonia and Lung Cancer: A Challenge for the Radiological Review of the Main Radiological Features, Differential Diagnosis and Overlapping Pathologies. Tomography 2022; 8:513-528. [PMID: 35202206 PMCID: PMC8875889 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pneumonia pandemic represents the most severe health emergency of the 21st century and has been monopolizing health systems’ economic and human resources world-wide. Cancer patients have been suffering from the health systems’ COVID-19 priority management with evidence of late diagnosis leading to patients’ poor prognosis and late medical treatment. The radiologist plays a pivotal role as CT represents a non-invasive radiological technique which may help to identify possible overlap and differential diagnosis between COVID-19 pneumonia and lung cancer, which represents the most frequent cancer histology in COVID-19 patients. Our aims are: to present the main CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia; to provide the main differential diagnosis with lung cancer, chemotherapy-, immunotherapy-, and radiotherapy-induced lung disease; and to suggest practical tips and key radiological elements to identify possible overlap between COVID-19 pneumonia and lung cancer. Despite similarities or overlapping findings, the combination of clinics and some specific radiological findings, which are also identified by comparison with previous and follow-up CT scans, may guide differential diagnosis. It is crucial to search for typical COVID-19 pneumonia phase progression and typical radiological features on HRTC. The evidence of atypical findings such as lymphadenopathies and mediastinal and vessel invasion, as well as the absence of response to therapy, should arouse the suspicion of lung cancer and require contrast administration. Ground-glass areas and/or consolidations bound to radiotherapy fields or pneumonitis arising during and after oncological therapy should always arouse the suspicion of radiation-induced lung disease and chemo/immunotherapy-induced lung disease. The radiological elements we suggest for COVID-19 and lung cancer differential diagnosis may be used to develop AI protocols to guarantee an early and proper diagnosis and treatment to improve patients’ quality of life and life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Guarnera
- Radiology Department, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, 00184 Rome, Italy; (E.S.); (P.P.)
- Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant’Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Santini
- Radiology Department, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, 00184 Rome, Italy; (E.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Pierfrancesco Podda
- Radiology Department, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, 00184 Rome, Italy; (E.S.); (P.P.)
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Breast Carcinomatous Lymphangitis as an Unusual Presentation of Ovarian Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11112106. [PMID: 34829453 PMCID: PMC8623972 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the case of a 45-year-old woman with an unusual presentation of metastatic ovarian cancer. The patient presented to the oncological clinic with a three-week history of skin rash on the right breast. She underwent a chest and abdomen CT scan, which showed skin thickening of the right breast, right pleural effusion and bilateral cystic ovarian masses. Biopsy of a left ovarian lesion by diagnostic laparoscopy revealed the presence of ovarian serous carcinoma. Biopsy of the breast skin lesion revealed the presence of carcinomatous lymphangitis and immunohistochemistry documented the ovarian origin.
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6
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Pérez-Moreno P, Indo S, Niechi I, Huerta H, Cabello P, Jara L, Aguayo F, Varas-Godoy M, Burzio VA, Tapia JC. Endothelin-converting enzyme-1c promotes stem cell traits and aggressiveness in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2019; 14:347-362. [PMID: 31788944 PMCID: PMC6998658 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-1 is a mitogenic peptide that activates several proliferation, survival, and invasiveness pathways. The effects of endothelin-1 rely on its activation by endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE1), which is expressed as four isoforms with different cytoplasmic N termini. Recently, isoform ECE1c has been suggested to have a role in cancer aggressiveness. The N terminus of ECE1c is phosphorylated by protein kinase CK2 (also known as casein kinase 2), and this enhances its stability and promotes invasiveness in colorectal cancer cells. However, it is not known how phosphorylation improves stability and why this is correlated with increased aggressiveness. We hypothesized that CK2 phosphorylation protects ECE1c from N-terminal ubiquitination and, consequently, from proteasomal degradation. Here, we show that lysine 6 is the bona fide residue involved in ubiquitination of ECE1c and its mutation to arginine (ECE1cK6R ) significantly impairs proteasomal degradation, thereby augmenting ECE1c stability, even in the presence of the CK2 inhibitor silmitasertib. Furthermore, colorectal cancer cells overexpressing ECE1cK6R displayed enhanced cancer stem cell (CSC) traits, including increased stemness gene expression, chemoresistance, self-renewal, and colony formation and spheroid formation in vitro, as well as enhanced tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. These findings suggest that CK2-dependent phosphorylation enhances ECE1c stability, promoting an increase in CSC-like traits. Therefore, phospho-ECE1c may be a biomarker of poor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Pérez-Moreno
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Indo
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Niechi
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Hernán Huerta
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Cabello
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Jara
- Programa de Genética Humana, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Aguayo
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Verónica A Burzio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.,Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Andes Biotechnologies SpA, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio C Tapia
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Mendoza DP, Digumarthy SR. The added value of quantitative 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters in the assessment of pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis in lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:E239-E242. [PMID: 31903292 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.10.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dexter P Mendoza
- Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Subba R Digumarthy
- Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Huang TY, Wang CY. A very rare case of pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis with recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 118:1566-1567. [PMID: 31353119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Ying Huang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Aslam HM, Zhi C, Nadeem M, Arsalan M, Wallach SL. A Case of Rapidly Deteriorating Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis in a Patient with Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer. Cureus 2019; 11:e4421. [PMID: 31245208 PMCID: PMC6559437 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis (PLC) is defined as a tumor in the lung lymphatic vessels. It is rarely seen as a result of malignancy and generally carries a poor prognosis. Proper knowledge of the clinical presentation is important for physicians to be aware of in order to consider a diagnosis of PLC. We present the case of a 52-year-old Caucasian gentleman who initially came to the hospital with a three-week history of dyspnea. In the hospital, a diagnosis of Stage 4 pancreatic cancer with a lymphangitic spread of the tumor to the lungs was made. Despite optimal treatment, the patient required mechanical ventilation for acute hypoxic respiratory failure. PLC is a relatively rare manifestation of malignancy; yet, it generally carries a poor prognosis. It may occur during the course of malignancy or may represent as the first findings in malignancy. It is important for physicians to be aware of the clinical presentations of PLC in order to ensure timely treatment. Oftentimes, PLC can be diagnosed through clinical judgment alone without the need for radiological support and other invasive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz M Aslam
- Internal Medicine, Seton Hall University / Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Trenton, USA
| | - Cassandra Zhi
- Internal Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Internal Medicine, Seton Hall University / Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Trenton, USA
| | - Mohammad Arsalan
- Internal Medicine, Seton Hall University / Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Trenton, USA
| | - Sara L Wallach
- Internal Medicine, Seton Hall University / Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Trenton, USA
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Klimek M. Pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis: systematic review and meta-analysis of case reports, 1970-2018. Postgrad Med 2019; 131:309-318. [PMID: 30900501 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2019.1595982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis (PLC) is a life-threating complication in patients suffering from malignancies. Misleading and nonspecific symptoms often result in a delayed diagnosis. This review was aimed at evaluating epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and survival of patients with PLC reported in the literature. According to our knowledge, this study is the first such extensive analysis of PLC. We searched for the literature in the PubMed database for articles published from 1970 to 2018 using keywords: lung, pulmonary, lymphangitic, carcinoma, carcinomatosis. Pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis rarely occurs, thus all data were extracted from case reports and case series consisted of a method for identifying individual-level patient data. In the final analysis, 108 articles (139 individual patient cases) were included. The mean age of PLC occurrence is 49.21 years. There is no difference in the prevalence between men and women. The most common underlying primary tumors coexisting with PLC are breast (17.3%), lung (10.8%), and gastric cancers (10.8%). Dyspnea and dry cough were the most common symptoms occurring in 59.0% and 33.8% of patients, respectively. In half the patients, PLC developed in fewer than ten months after first diagnosis of cancer. Pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis diagnosis is associated with a poor prognosis: approximately half of patients die within two months of their first respiratory symptoms and three weeks from admission to hospital. Regarding survival time, we observed better results achieved in patients described between 2000 and 2018 compared to 1970 through 1999. In the presence of progressive dyspnea, cough, and lesions comparable to interstitial lung disease, diagnosis of PLC should be considered. Pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis can be the first manifestation of primary occult neoplasm and may occur at any age. Adenocarcinoma, especially primary lung, breast, and gastric cancers is the most common cancer coexisting with PLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Klimek
- a Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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Tang VD, Campbell P, Pattison DA. Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis From Prostate Cancer Identified With Gallium-68 Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography Imaging. Urology 2018; 114:e1-e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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