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Wang WT, Wu TH, Er LK, Huang CW, Tu KH, Fan KC, Tsai CH, Wang SY, Wu CY, Huang SH, Liu HW, Tseng FY, Wu WC, Chang CC, Cheng HM, Lin LY, Chueh JS, Lin YH, Hwu CM, Wu VC. Recent progress in unraveling cardiovascular complications associated with primary aldosteronism: a succinct review. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:1103-1119. [PMID: 38228750 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review offers a thorough exploration of recent advancements in our understanding of the intricate cardiovascular complications associated with Primary Aldosteronism (PA). PA encompasses a spectrum of conditions characterized by hypertension and excessive production of aldosterone operating independently of the renin-angiotensin system. Given its association with an elevated risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, as well as a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome in comparison to individuals with essential hypertension (EH), an accurate diagnosis of PA is of paramount importance. This review delves into the intricate interplay between PA and cardiovascular health and focuses on the key pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to adverse cardiac outcomes. The impact of different treatment modalities on cardiovascular health is also examined, offering insights into potential therapeutic approaches. By highlighting the significance of recognizing PA as a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity, this review emphasizes the need for improved screening, early diagnosis, and tailored management strategies to both enhance patient care and mitigate the burden of cardiovascular diseases. The findings presented herein underscore the growing importance of PA in the context of cardiovascular medicine and emphasize the potential for translating these insights into targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsung-Hui Wu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Leay-Kiaw Er
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University College of Medicine, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Wei Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kun-Hua Tu
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kang-Chih Fan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Yi Wang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Yi Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Heng Huang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Han-Wen Liu
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fen-Yu Tseng
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Chen Wu
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Chen Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hao-Min Cheng
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Liang-Yu Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jeff S Chueh
- Primary Aldosteronism Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, (NTUH-PAC), Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- TAIPAI, Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation (TAIPAI) Study Group, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Hung Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Primary Aldosteronism Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, (NTUH-PAC), Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- TAIPAI, Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation (TAIPAI) Study Group, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Vin-Cent Wu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University College of Medicine, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.
- Primary Aldosteronism Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, (NTUH-PAC), Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- TAIPAI, Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation (TAIPAI) Study Group, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Fan S, Yuan P, Li S, Li H, Zhai B, Li Y, Zhang H, Gu J, Li H, Tian Y, Kang X, Zhang Y, Li G. Genetic architecture and key regulatory genes of fatty acid composition in Gushi chicken breast muscle determined by GWAS and WGCNA. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:434. [PMID: 37537524 PMCID: PMC10398928 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acids composition in poultry muscle is directly related to its tenderness, flavour, and juiciness, whereas its genetic mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this study, the genetic structure and key regulatory genes of the breast muscle fatty acid composition of local Chinese chicken, Gushi-Anka F2 resource population by integrating genome-wide association study (GWAS) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) strategies. GWAS was performed based on 323,306 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) obtained by genotyping by sequencing (GBS) method and 721 chickens from the Gushi-Anka F2 resource population with highly variable fatty acid composition traits in the breast muscle. And then, according to the transcriptome data of the candidate genes that were obtained and phenotypic data of fatty acid composition traits in breast muscle of Gushi chickens at 14, 22, and 30 weeks of age, we conducted a WGCNA. RESULTS A total of 128 suggestive significantly associated SNPs for 11 fatty acid composition traits were identified and mapped on chromosomes (Chr) 2, 3, 4, 5, 13, 17, 21, and 27. Of these, the two most significant SNPs were Chr13:5,100,140 (P = 4.56423e-10) and Chr13:5,100,173 (P = 4.56423e-10), which explained 5.6% of the phenotypic variation in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In addition, six fatty acid composition traits, including C20:1, C22:6, saturated fatty acid (SFA), unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), PUFA, and average chain length (ACL), were located in the same QTL intervals on Chr13. We obtained 505 genes by scanning the linkage disequilibrium (LD) regions of all significant SNPs and performed a WGCNA based on the transcriptome data of the above 505 genes. Combining two strategies, 9 hub genes (ENO1, ADH1, ASAH1, ADH1C, PIK3CD, WISP1, AKT1, PANK3, and C1QTNF2) were finally identified, which could be the potential candidate genes regulating fatty acid composition traits in chicken breast muscle. CONCLUSION The results of this study deepen our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying the regulation of fatty acid composition traits, which is helpful in the design of breeding strategies for the subsequent improvement of fatty acid composition in poultry muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxin Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Pengtao Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shuaihao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hongtai Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Bin Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuanfang Li
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, HeiLongJiang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jinxin Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Dhall A, Patiyal S, Choudhury S, Jain S, Narang K, Raghava GPS. TNFepitope: A webserver for the prediction of TNF-α inducing epitopes. Comput Biol Med 2023; 160:106929. [PMID: 37126926 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine that is crucial in controlling the signaling pathways within the immune cells. Recent studies reported that higher expression levels of TNF-α are associated with the progression of several diseases, including cancers, cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19, and autoimmune disorders. Thus, it is the need of the hour to develop immunotherapies or subunit vaccines to manage TNF-α progression in various disease conditions. In the pilot study, we proposed a host-specific in-silico tool for predicting, designing, and scanning TNF-α inducing epitopes. The prediction models were trained and validated on the experimentally validated TNF-α inducing/non-inducing epitopes from human and mouse hosts. Firstly, we developed alignment-free (machine learning based models using composition-based features of peptides) methods for predicting TNF-α inducing peptides and achieved maximum AUROC of 0.79 and 0.74 for human and mouse hosts, respectively. Secondly, an alignment-based (using BLAST) method has been used for predicting TNF-α inducing epitopes. Finally, a hybrid method (combination of alignment-free and alignment-based method) has been developed for predicting epitopes. Hybrid approach achieved maximum AUROC of 0.83 and 0.77 on an independent dataset for human and mouse hosts, respectively. We have also identified potential TNF-α inducing peptides in different proteins of HIV-1, HIV-2, SARS-CoV-2, and human insulin. The best models developed in this study has been incorporated in the webserver TNFepitope (https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/tnfepitope/), standalone package and GitLab (https://gitlab.com/raghavalab/tnfepitope).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Dhall
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Sumeet Patiyal
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Shubham Choudhury
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Shipra Jain
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Kashish Narang
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Gajendra P S Raghava
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India. http://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/
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The Effect of Aldosterone on Cardiorenal and Metabolic Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065370. [PMID: 36982445 PMCID: PMC10049192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aldosterone, a vital hormone of the human body, has various pathophysiological roles. The excess of aldosterone, also known as primary aldosteronism, is the most common secondary cause of hypertension. Primary aldosteronism is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and kidney dysfunction compared to essential hypertension. Excess aldosterone can lead to harmful metabolic and other pathophysiological alterations, as well as cause inflammatory, oxidative, and fibrotic effects in the heart, kidney, and blood vessels. These alterations can result in coronary artery disease, including ischemia and myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, arterial fibrillation, intracarotid intima thickening, cerebrovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Thus, aldosterone affects several tissues, especially in the cardiovascular system, and the metabolic and pathophysiological alterations are related to severe diseases. Therefore, understanding the effects of aldosterone on the body is important for health maintenance in hypertensive patients. In this review, we focus on currently available evidence regarding the role of aldosterone in alterations of the cardiovascular and renal systems. We also describe the risk of cardiovascular events and renal dysfunction in hyperaldosteronism.
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C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 1: a promising therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 79:273-280. [PMID: 34840267 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Atherosclerosis serves as the pathological basis of most cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein (CTRP1) is a 35-kDa glycoprotein synthesized by various tissues and cells, such as adipose tissue and macrophages. As an adiponectin paralog, CTRP1 signals through adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and participates in a variety of pathophysiological processes. Circulating CTRP1 levels are significantly increased in patients with coronary artery disease. Importantly, CTRP1 was shown to accelerate the development of atherosclerosis by promoting vascular inflammation, macrophage foam cell formation and endothelial barrier dysfunction. This review focused on recent advances regarding the role of CTRP1 in atherogenesis with an emphasis on its potential as a novel biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for atherosclerosis-related diseases.
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Sonn SK, Seo S, Yang J, Oh KS, Chen H, Chan DC, Rhee K, Lee KS, Yang Y, Oh GT. ER-associated CTRP1 regulates mitochondrial fission via interaction with DRP1. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1769-1780. [PMID: 34837016 PMCID: PMC8639813 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
C1q/TNF-related protein 1 (CTRP1) is a CTRP family member that has collagenous and globular C1q-like domains. The secreted form of CTRP1 is known to be associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, but its cellular roles have not yet been elucidated. Here, we showed that cytosolic CTRP1 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and that knockout or depletion of CTRP1 leads to mitochondrial fission defects, as demonstrated by mitochondrial elongation. Mitochondrial fission events are known to occur through an interaction between mitochondria and the ER, but we do not know whether the ER and/or its associated proteins participate directly in the entire mitochondrial fission event. Interestingly, we herein showed that ablation of CTRP1 suppresses the recruitment of DRP1 to mitochondria and provided evidence suggesting that the ER-mitochondrion interaction is required for the proper regulation of mitochondrial morphology. We further report that CTRP1 inactivation-induced mitochondrial fission defects induce apoptotic resistance and neuronal degeneration, which are also associated with ablation of DRP1. These results demonstrate for the first time that cytosolic CTRP1 is an ER transmembrane protein that acts as a key regulator of mitochondrial fission, providing new insight into the etiology of metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Keun Sonn
- Department of Life Science, Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoon Seo
- Department of Life Science, Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemoon Yang
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sook Oh
- Department of Life Science, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hsiuchen Chen
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - David C Chan
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Kunsoo Rhee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung S Lee
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Young Yang
- Department of Life Science, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Department of Life Science, Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Li C, Zheng Z. Males and Females Have Distinct Molecular Events in the Articular Cartilage during Knee Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157876. [PMID: 34360640 PMCID: PMC8346087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major public health challenge that imposes a remarkable burden on the affected individuals and the healthcare system. Based on the clinical observation, males and females have different prevalence rates and severity levels of OA. Thus, sex-based differences may play essential roles in OA’s prognosis and treatment outcomes. To date, the comprehensive understanding of the relationship between sex and OA is still largely lacking. In the current study, we analyzed a published transcriptome dataset of knee articular cartilage (GSE114007) from 18 healthy (five females, 13 males) and 20 OA (11 females, nine males) donors to provide a slight insight into this important but complex issue. First, comparing female healthy cartilage samples with those of males revealed 36 differential expression genes (DEGs), indicating the fundamental sex-related differences at the molecular level. Meanwhile, 923 DEGs were distinguished between OA and healthy female cartilage, which can be enriched to 15 Reactome pathways. On the other hand, when comparing OA and healthy male cartilage, there are only 419 DEGs were identified, and only six pathways were enriched against the Reactome database. The different signaling response to OA in the male and female cartilage was further enforced by recognizing 50 genes with significantly different OA-responsive expression fold changes in males and females. Particularly, 14 Reactome pathways, such as “Extracellular matrix organization”, “Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes”, “Dissolution of fibrin clot”, and “Platelet Aggregation (Plug formation)”, can be noted from these 50 sex-dependent OA-responsive genes. Overall, the current study explores the Sex as a Biological Variable (SABV) at the transcriptomic level in the knee articular cartilage in both healthy status and OA event, which could help predict the differential OA prognosis and treatment outcome of males and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenshuang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(310)-206-5646
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Elevated Levels of CTRP1 in Obesity Contribute to Tumor Progression in a p53-Dependent Manner. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143619. [PMID: 34298831 PMCID: PMC8306638 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Obesity is regarded as a risk factor for various cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms linking obesity with cancer remain primarily uncharacterized. In this study, we demonstrate that CTRP1, an adiponectin paralogue, promotes tumor growth in a p53-dependent manner. Obese mice on a high-fat diet showed a higher level of CTRP1 protein in serum. It is also known that CTRP1 treatment contributes to tumor growth and cell migration. These results indicate that an elevated level of CTRP1 in obesity promotes tumor progression. Abstract Mounting evidence supports the relationship between obesity and cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms linking obesity with cancer remain largely uninvestigated. In this study, we demonstrate that the expression of C1q/TNF-related protein 1 (CTRP1), an adiponectin paralogue, contributes to tumor growth by regulating the tumor suppressor p53. In our study, obese mice on a high-fat diet showed higher serum CTRP1 levels. Through in vitro experiments, we showed that the secreted form of CTRP1 in the culture medium decreased p53 expression and p53-dependent transcription in the cells. Moreover, CTRP1 treatment enhanced colony formation and cell migration. These results collectively suggest that elevated levels of CTRP1 in obesity significantly contribute to tumor progression.
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AlZaim I, Hammoud SH, Al-Koussa H, Ghazi A, Eid AH, El-Yazbi AF. Adipose Tissue Immunomodulation: A Novel Therapeutic Approach in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:602088. [PMID: 33282920 PMCID: PMC7705180 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.602088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a critical regulator of systemic metabolism and bodily homeostasis as it secretes a myriad of adipokines, including inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. As the main storage pool of lipids, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues undergo marked hypertrophy and hyperplasia in response to nutritional excess leading to hypoxia, adipokine dysregulation, and subsequent low-grade inflammation that is characterized by increased infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells. The specific localization, physiology, susceptibility to inflammation and the heterogeneity of the inflammatory cell population of each adipose depot are unique and thus dictate the possible complications of adipose tissue chronic inflammation. Several lines of evidence link visceral and particularly perivascular, pericardial, and perirenal adipose tissue inflammation to the development of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In addition to the implication of the immune system in the regulation of adipose tissue function, adipose tissue immune components are pivotal in detrimental or otherwise favorable adipose tissue remodeling and thermogenesis. Adipose tissue resident and infiltrating immune cells undergo metabolic and morphological adaptation based on the systemic energy status and thus a better comprehension of the metabolic regulation of immune cells in adipose tissues is pivotal to address complications of chronic adipose tissue inflammation. In this review, we discuss the role of adipose innate and adaptive immune cells across various physiological and pathophysiological states that pertain to the development or progression of cardiovascular diseases associated with metabolic disorders. Understanding such mechanisms allows for the exploitation of the adipose tissue-immune system crosstalk, exploring how the adipose immune system might be targeted as a strategy to treat cardiovascular derangements associated with metabolic dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim AlZaim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Safaa H Hammoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Houssam Al-Koussa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alaa Ghazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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