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Elseragy A, Bello IO, Wahab A, Coletta RD, Mäkitie AA, Leivo I, Almangush A, Salo T. Emerging histopathologic markers in early-stage oral tongue cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck 2022; 44:1481-1491. [PMID: 35229398 PMCID: PMC9545479 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are many histopathologic prognosticators, grading of early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is still based on morphological cell differentiation which has low prognostic value. Here we summarize the emerging histopathological markers showing powerful prognostic value, but are not included in pathology reports. Using PubMed, Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Web of Science databases, a systematic literature search was preformed to identify early OTSCC studies that investigated the prognostic significance of hematoxylin–eosin‐based histopathologic markers. Our meta‐analysis showed that tumor budding was associated with overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.32; 95% CI 1.40–3.84; p < 0.01) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) (1.89; 95% CI 1.13–3.15; p = 0.02). Worst pattern of invasion was associated with disease‐free survival (DFS) (1.95; 95% CI 1.04–3.64; p = 0.04). Tumor–stroma ratio was also associated with DFS (1.75, 95% CI 1.24–2.48; p < 0.01) and DSS (1.69; 95% CI 1.19–2.42; p < 0.01). Tumor budding, worst pattern of invasion, and tumor–stroma ratio have a promising prognostic value in early OTSCC. The evaluation and reporting of these markers is cost‐effective and can be incorporated in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Elseragy
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ibrahim O Bello
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awais Wahab
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antti A Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilmo Leivo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Alhadi Almangush
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Dentistry, Misurata University, Misurata, Libya
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Hingsammer L, Seier T, Ikenberg J, Schumann P, Zweifel D, Rücker M, Bredell M, Lanzer M. The influence of lymph node ratio on survival and disease recurrence in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 48:851-856. [PMID: 30738712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to report the outcomes of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of the tongue over a 10-year period with the aim of testing the hypothesis that the lymph node ratio (LNR) has a significant influence on loco-regional recurrence. The charts of 227 patients with OSCC of the mobile tongue treated at the University Hospital of Zurich from 2003 to 2012 were screened. Following the application of the exclusion criteria (prior chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgery, perioperative death, N3 disease, unresectable disease, synchronous second primary, no signed informed consent, and follow-up <3years), prospective data were collected and a retrospective analysis performed for 88 of these patients who were treated with selective neck dissection. During a mean follow-up period of 78 months (standard deviation 37 months), loco-regional recurrence was diagnosed in 25 patients (28%). The overall and disease-specific survival rates for the study population were 72% and 80%, respectively. Perineural invasion was identified as an independent risk factor for decreased disease-specific survival, whereas LNR was not. LNR did not show an influence on disease recurrence. Thus, its prognostic value in patients with tongue cancer remains uncertain and the decision regarding adjuvant therapy should not be made solely on the basis of LNR.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hingsammer
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - T Seier
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Ikenberg
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Schumann
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Zweifel
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Rücker
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Bredell
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Lanzer
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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