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Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer: Surgical and Oncological Outcomes from a Single Tertiary Referral Centre. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133781. [PMID: 35807066 PMCID: PMC9267732 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to report overall experience, perioperative and long-term survival results in a single tertiary referral center in Lithuania with hand assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) for colorectal cancer. A prospectively maintained database included 467 patients who underwent HALS for left-sided colon and rectal cancer, from April 2006 to October 2016. All those operations were performed by three consultant surgeons and nine surgical residents, in all cases assisted by one of the same consultant surgeons. There were 230 (49.25%) females, with an average age of 64 ± 9.7 years (range, 26–91 years). The procedures performed included 170 (36.4%) anterior rectal resections with partial mesorectal excision, 160 (34.26%) sigmoid colectomies, 81 (17.35%) left hemicolectomies, 45 (9.64%) low anterior rectal resections with total mesorectal excision, and 11 (2.25%) other procedures. Stage I colorectal cancer was found in 140 (29.98%) patients, 139 (29.76%) stage II, 152 (32.55%) stage III and 36 (7.71%) stage IV. There were five conversions to open surgery (1.1%). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.9 ± 3.4 days (range, 1–30 days). In total, 33 (7.06%) patients developed postoperative complications. The most common complications were small bowel obstruction (n = 6), anastomotic leakage (n = 5), intraabdominal abscess (n = 4) and dysuria (n = 4). There were two postoperative deaths (0.43%). Overall, 5-year survival for all TNM stages was 85.7%, 93.2% for stage I, 88.5% for stage II and 76.3% for stage III. Hand assisted colorectal surgery for left-sided colon and rectal cancer in a single tertiary referral center was feasible and safe, having all the advantages of minimally invasive surgery, with good perioperative parameters, adequate oncological quality and excellent survival.
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Comparison of Short-Term Outcomes Between Hand-assisted Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy and Laparoscopy-assisted Distal Gastrectomy in Gastric Cancer. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2021; 30:249-256. [PMID: 32049871 DOI: 10.1097/sle.0000000000000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery is considered to provide the benefits of laparoscopic surgery in various diseases. However, limited information is available regarding the feasibility of hand-assisted laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (HALDG)-a subset of hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery-as a gastric cancer treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of HALDG compared with laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG). Consecutive patients who underwent HALDG (n=58) or LADG (n=90) for stage I gastric cancer between 2005 and 2016 were eligible. Operative time was significantly shorter and blood loss was significantly higher in HALDG than in LADG (P<0.001, both). Postoperative aminotransferase levels were significantly lower in HALDG than in LADG (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in perioperative complications, a number of analgesics, postoperative C-reactive protein levels, and 3-year relapse-free and overall survival rates between the groups. This study suggests that HALDG is a safe and feasible approach and could become an effective option for stage I gastric cancer treatment.
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Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery for Rectal Cancer—Comparative Study Between Two Centres. Indian J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-020-02287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Tanabe H, Tanaka K, Goto M, Sato T, Sato K, Fujiya M, Okumura T. Rare case of fecal impaction caused by a fecalith originating in a large colonic diverticulum: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:416-421. [PMID: 33521110 PMCID: PMC7812877 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i2.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal impaction is defined as a large mass of compacted feces in the colon and has the potential to induce a serious medical condition in elderly individuals. Fecal impaction is generally preventable, and early recognition of the typical radiological findings is important for making an early diagnosis. The factors that lead to fecal impaction are usually similar to those causing constipation. Few cases with fecal impaction associated with a diverticulum have been reported.
CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 62-year-old woman who suffered from abdominal pain and vomiting, had a medical history of repeated acute abdomen and was diagnosed with fecal impaction in the descending colon based on X-ray and computed tomography (CT) imaging. After examination by gastrografin-enhanced colonography following colonoscopy and CT colonography, the fecalith was suspected to have been produced at the site of a large diverticulum in the transverse colon. The fecalith was surgically resected, and a histological diagnosis of pseudodiverticulum was made. There was no recurrence during 33 mo of follow-up.
CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of accurate identification and treatment of a fecal impaction. This case indicated that the endoscopic evacuation and subsequent colonography were effective for identifying a diverticulum that might have caused fecal impaction. A fecal impaction was associated with the diverticulum. Consequently, the planned diverticulectomy was performed. Appropriate emergency medical treatment and maintenance treatments should be selected in such cases to prevent recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanabe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Gastro-enterology, Asahikawa Kousei Hospital, Asahikawa 078-8211, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tanaka
- Department of Gastro-enterology, Asahikawa Kousei Hospital, Asahikawa 078-8211, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Goto
- Department of Gastro-enterology, Asahikawa Kousei Hospital, Asahikawa 078-8211, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Sato
- Department of Gastro-enterology, Asahikawa Kousei Hospital, Asahikawa 078-8211, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sato
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Kousei Hospital, Asahikawa 078-8211, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Fujiya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Okumura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Hokkaido, Japan
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Kazi A, Finco TB, Zakhary B, Firek M, Gerber A, Brenner M, Coimbra R. Acute Colonic Diverticulitis and Cirrhosis: Outcomes of Laparoscopic Colectomy Compared with an Open Approach. J Am Coll Surg 2020; 230:1045-1053. [PMID: 32229299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of cirrhosis on outcomes of acute colonic diverticulitis (ACD) has been studied infrequently. We investigated the effect of cirrhosis on outcomes of surgical patients with ACD treated by either an open or laparoscopic approach. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2012 to 2014. Patients with ACD were stratified into compensated and decompensated cirrhosis for comparisons of demographic characteristics, hospital length of stay, complications, mortality, and cost. Groups were stratified according to surgical treatment: open colectomy and laparoscopic colectomy. A comparative effectiveness analysis of outcomes was performed between the 2 surgical treatments. Univariate comparisons between groups and multivariate regression analysis were performed to identify risk factors for mortality and specific complications. RESULTS Of 1,172,875 patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of ACD during the study period, 1,145 were cirrhotic. The majority were male (59%). There were 660 compensated cirrhotic patients and 485 decompensated cirrhotic patients and all underwent either open (n = 875) or laparoscopic colectomy (n = 270). Consistently, marked increases in mortality, hospital length of stay, and cost were observed in decompensated cirrhotic patients regardless of the type of treatment. Laparoscopic colectomy was accompanied by shorter hospital length of stay, lower costs, and significantly decreased mortality rate compared with open colectomy in compensated and decompensated cirrhotic patients. CONCLUSIONS The presence of cirrhosis markedly impacts outcomes in patients with ACD, leading to prolonged hospitalization, higher cost, and increased complications and deaths. Laparoscopic colectomy is associated with better outcomes in patients requiring surgical management, including those with decompensated cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Kazi
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System-Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA
| | - Tiago B Finco
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System-Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA
| | - Bishoy Zakhary
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System-Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA
| | - Matthew Firek
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System-Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA
| | - Ari Gerber
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System-Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA
| | - Megan Brenner
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System-Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA; Department of Surgery, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | - Raul Coimbra
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System-Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA; Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA.
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Siddiqui J, Young CJ. Thirteen-year experience with hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery in colorectal patients. ANZ J Surg 2019; 90:113-118. [PMID: 31828890 DOI: 10.1111/ans.15578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report outcomes on 324 consecutive cases of hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) in colorectal patients over 13 years performed by a single surgeon. METHODS A prospectively maintained database was used to identify all patients undergoing HALS colorectal procedures for benign or malignant indications from September 2004 to February 2018, at two major tertiary centres in Sydney, Australia. RESULTS Median age was 64 years, 51% were female and median body mass index was 26. Colorectal cancer (55%), diverticular disease (13%) and polyp related conditions (13%) were common indications. Anterior resection (65%) and right hemicolectomy (18%) were most commonly performed. Median operative time was 244 min (190-300) and 75% of Gelport incisions were Pfannenstiel. Sixty-three percent of colorectal cancer patients had a T3 or T4 cancer. Median tumour size was 35 mm (25-45). Seven percent required conversion to open and 4% a re-operation in the early post-operative period. Thirty-six percent had a post-operative complication, and 11% were major complications. Follow-up extended to 12.8 years and there were 33 late deaths. Being in a high dependency unit or intensive care unit was significant for late mortality (odds ratio 2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.06-7.78, P = 0.037). Three percent developed an incisional hernia and 6% had small bowel obstruction at long-term follow-up. CONCLUSION HALS is an effective technique for both benign and malignant colorectal indications with the added advantage of tactile feedback and a lower rate of conversion to open.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javariah Siddiqui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher J Young
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Al-Mazrou AM, Haiqing Z, Guanying Y, Kiran RP. Sustained positive impact of ACS-NSQIP program on outcomes after colorectal surgery over the last decade. Am J Surg 2019; 219:197-205. [PMID: 31128841 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluate trends in outcomes after colorectal resection over the decade of the introduction of ACS-NSQIP as well as of targeted-colectomy information. STUDY DESIGN From 2007 to 2016, patients undergoing non-emergent colorectal procedures were included. Demographics, operative complexity (American Society of Anesthesiologists and wound classes); complications, early (<5 days) discharge and mortality were plotted over years. Outcomes after introduction of colectomy-targeted datasets (2013-2016) were compared to those prior (2007-2012). Multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of colectomy-targeted data on outcomes. RESULTS Of 310,632 included procedures, 131,122(42.2%) and 179,510(57.8%) were performed before and after the introduction of colectomy-targeted variables respectively. Most complications including surgical site and urinary tract infections, sepsis, septic shock, venous thromboembolism, respiratory complications, reoperation and mortality reduced over time with increased early discharge. On multivariable analysis, introduction of colectomy-targeted data was associated with lower surgical site (OR = 0.78,95%CI = [0.77-0.80]); systemic (OR = 0.94,95%CI = [0.91-0.98]) and urinary tract (OR = 0.70,95%CI = [0.67-0.74]) infections; reoperation (OR = 0.88,95%CI = [0.85-0.91]) and early discharge (OR = 1.60,95%CI = [1.57-1.63]). CONCLUSION Over its first decade of introduction, ACS-NSQIP has been associated with improved outcomes after colorectal surgery. The introduction of colectomy-targeted data has further improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Al-Mazrou
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, Herbert Irving Pavilion, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, Floor 8, New York, NY, 10032, United States
| | - Zhang Haiqing
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, Herbert Irving Pavilion, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, Floor 8, New York, NY, 10032, United States
| | - Yu Guanying
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, Herbert Irving Pavilion, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, Floor 8, New York, NY, 10032, United States
| | - Ravi P Kiran
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, Herbert Irving Pavilion, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, Floor 8, New York, NY, 10032, United States.
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Hand-assisted Laparoscopy: Expensive but Considerable Step Between Laparoscopic and Open Colectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2018; 28:214-218. [PMID: 29912135 DOI: 10.1097/sle.0000000000000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hand-assisted laparoscopic colectomy (HALC) and laparoscopic-assisted colectomy (LAC) have been shown to have comparable short-term outcomes while there are limited data regarding costs. The aim of our study was to compare the short-term outcomes and costs of HALC and LAC. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 46 patients who underwent HALC or LAC for benign or malignant disease between January 2011 and December 2014 at our institution were included in the study. Patients were randomized into HALC or LAC group. Patients' demographics and characteristics, operative details, short-term outcomes, and costs were evaluated. RESULTS There were 25 patients in LAC group and 21 patients in HALC group. Patient's demographics and characteristics and short-term outcomes were comparable between the LAC and HALC groups. Conversion rate was significantly lower in the HALC group (4.7% vs. 28%, P=0.03) while surgical costs ($1706.83±203.70 vs. $1304.93±305.67, P=0.038) and total costs ($2427.18±254.27 vs. $2044.03±215.22, P=0.021) were significantly higher in HALC group. CONCLUSIONS HALC is associated with increased surgical and total hospital costs, and decreased rate of conversion. Although it is more expensive, HALC may be helpful by providing a step between LAC and open surgery before considering conversion.
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What have we learned in minimally invasive colorectal surgery from NSQIP and NIS large databases? A systematic review. Int J Colorectal Dis 2018; 33:663-681. [PMID: 29623415 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-018-3036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND "Big data" refers to large amount of dataset. Those large databases are useful in many areas, including healthcare. The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) and the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) are big databases that were developed in the USA in order to record surgical outcomes. The aim of the present systematic review is to evaluate the type and clinical impact of the information retrieved through NISQP and NIS big database articles focused on laparoscopic colorectal surgery. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using The Meta-Analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. The research was carried out on PubMed database and revealed 350 published papers. Outcomes of articles in which laparoscopic colorectal surgery was the primary aim were analyzed. RESULTS Fifty-five studies, published between 2007 and February 2017, were included. Articles included were categorized in groups according to the main topic as: outcomes related to surgical technique comparisons, morbidity and perioperatory results, specific disease-related outcomes, sociodemographic disparities, and academic training impact. CONCLUSIONS NSQIP and NIS databases are just the tip of the iceberg for the potential application of Big Data technology and analysis in MIS. Information obtained through big data is useful and could be considered as external validation in those situations where a significant evidence-based medicine exists; also, those databases establish benchmarks to measure the quality of patient care. Data retrieved helps to inform decision-making and improve healthcare delivery.
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Minimally Invasive Pancreaticoduodenectomy: What is the Best “Choice”? A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Non-randomized Comparative Studies. World J Surg 2017; 42:788-805. [DOI: 10.1007/s00268-017-4180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Laparoscopic colorectal surgery has now become widely adopted for the treatment of colorectal neoplasia, with steady increases in utilization over the past 15 years. Common minimally invasive techniques include multiport laparoscopy, single-incision laparoscopy, and hand-assisted laparoscopy, with the choice of technique depending on several patient and surgeon factors. Laparoscopic colorectal surgery involves a robust learning curve, and fellowship training often lays the foundation for a high-volume laparoscopic practice. This article provides a summary of the various techniques for laparoscopic colorectal surgery, including operative steps, the approach to difficult patients, and the learning curve for proficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Michael Parker
- Department of Surgery, Middlesex Hospital Surgical Alliance, 520 Saybrook Road, Suite S-100, Middletown, CT 06457, USA
| | - Timothy F Feldmann
- Department of Surgery, Capital Medical Center, 3900 Capital Mall Drive Southwest, Olympia, WA 98502, USA
| | - Kyle G Cologne
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Suite 7418, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Dulskas A, Kuliešius Ž, Samalavičius NE. Laparoscopic colorectal surgery for colorectal polyps: experience of ten years. Acta Med Litu 2017. [PMID: 28630589 PMCID: PMC5467959 DOI: 10.6001/actamedica.v24i1.3459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Laparoscopy or its combination with endoscopy is the next step for “difficult” polyps. The purpose of the paper was to review the outcomes of the laparoscopic approach to the management of “difficult” colorectal polyps. Materials and methods. From 2006 to 2016, 58 patients who underwent laparoscopic treatment for “difficult” polyps that could not be treated by endoscopy at the National Cancer Institute, Lithuania, were included. The demographic data, the type of surgery, length of post-operative stay, complications, and final pathology were reviewed prospectively. Results. The mean patient was 65.9 ± 8.9 years of age. Laparoscopic mobilization of the colonic segment and colotomy with removal of the polyp was performed in 15 (25.9%) patients, laparoscopic segmental bowel resection in 41 (70.7%) cases: anterior rectal resection with partial total mesorectal excision in 18 (31.0%), sigmoid resection in nine (15.5%), left hemicolectomy in seven (12.1%), right hemicolectomies in two (3.4%), ileocecal resection in two (3.4%), resection of transverse colon in two (3.4%), and sigmoid resection with transanal retrieval of specimen in one (1.7%). Two patients (3.4%) underwent laparoscopic-assisted endoscopic polypectomy. The mean post-operative hospital stay was 5.7 ± 2.4 days. There were four complications (6.9%). All patients recovered after conservative treatment. The mean polyp size was 3.5 ± 1.9 cm. Final histopathology revealed hyperplastic polyps (n = 2), tubular adenoma (n = 9), tubulovillous adenoma (n = 31), carcinoma in situ (n = 12), and invasive cancer (n = 4). Conclusions. For the management of endoscopically unresectable polyps, laparoscopic surgery is currently the technique of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrius Dulskas
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery and Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Žygimantas Kuliešius
- Clinic of Internal Diseases, Family Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Narimantas E Samalavičius
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery and Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Clinic of Internal Diseases, Family Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Vilnius, Lithuania
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Abu Gazala M, Wexner SD. Re-appraisal and consideration of minimally invasive surgery in colorectal cancer. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2017; 5:1-10. [PMID: 28567286 PMCID: PMC5444240 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/gox001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout history, surgeons have been on a quest to refine the surgical treatment options for their patients and to minimize operative trauma. During the last three decades, there have been tremendous advances in the field of minimally invasive colorectal surgery, with an explosion of different technologies and approaches offered to treat well-known diseases. Laparoscopic surgery has been shown to be equal or superior to open surgery. The boundaries of laparoscopy have been pushed further, in the form of single-incision laparoscopy, natural-orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery and robotics. This paper critically reviews the pathway of development of minimally invasive surgery, and appraises the different minimally invasive colorectal surgical approaches available to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abu Gazala
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA
| | - Steven D. Wexner
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA
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