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Gu Y, Bai R, Qiu X, Wang X, Lu S, Li CM, Guo C. In Vivo Imaging MicroRNA with Bright Fluorescent RNA Aptamer Through Target-Mediated Entropy-Driven Toehold Exchange. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7609-7617. [PMID: 38687631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in biological activities, but their in vivo imaging is still challenging due to the low abundance and the lack of efficient fluorescent tools. RNA aptamers with high affinity and low background emerge for bioimaging yet suffering from low brightness. We introduce a rational design based on target-mediated entropy-driven toehold exchange (EDTE) to induce the release of RNA aptamer and subsequently light up corresponding fluorophore, which achieves selective imaging of miRNAs with good stability in both living cells and tumor-bearing mouse. Through tailoring recognition unit of the EDTE probes, highly sensitive imaging of different miRNAs including miRNA-125b and miRNA-21 is achieved, confirming its universal bioimaging applications. In comparison with the reported "one-to-one" model, the EDTE strategy shows a remarkable 4.6-time improvement in signal/noise ratio for intracellular imaging of the same miRNA. Particularly, it realizes sensitive imaging of miRNA in vivo, providing a promising tool in investigating functions and interactions of disease-associated miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Kerui Road, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
| | - Rui Bai
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Kerui Road, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
| | - Xingchen Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Xuefu Road, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobao Wang
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Kerui Road, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Lu
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Kerui Road, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Ming Li
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Kerui Road, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
| | - Chunxian Guo
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Kerui Road, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
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2
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Popov A, Hrudka J, Szabó A, Oliverius M, Šubrt Z, Vránová J, Ciprová V, Moravcová J, Mandys V. Expression of Selected miRNAs in Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-like Giant Cells (UCOGC) of the Pancreas: Comparison with Poorly Differentiated Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:962. [PMID: 38790924 PMCID: PMC11117927 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) of the pancreas represents a rare subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Despite a distinct morphology and specific clinical behavior, UCOGCs exhibit unexpected similarities in regard to DNA mutational profiles with conventional PDAC. Treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is particularly challenging, with limited prospects for cure. As with many other malignant neoplasms, the exploration of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) in regulating the biological characteristics of pancreatic cancer is undergoing extensive investigation to enhance tumor diagnostics and unveil the therapeutic possibilities. Herein, we evaluated the expression of miR-21, -96, -148a, -155, -196a, -210, and -217 in UCOGCs and poorly differentiated (grade 3, G3) PDACs. The expression of miR-21, miR-155, and miR-210 in both UCOGCs and G3 PDACs was significantly upregulated compared to the levels in normal tissue, while the levels of miR-148a and miR-217 were downregulated. We did not find any significant differences between cancerous and normal tissues for the expression of miR-96 and miR-196a in G3 PDACs, whereas miR-196a was slightly, but significantly, downregulated in UCOGCs. On the other hand, we have not observed significant differences in the expression of the majority of miRNAs between UCOGC and G3 PDAC, with the exception of miR-155. UCOGC samples demonstrated lower mean levels of miR-155 in comparison with those in G3 PDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Popov
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Jan Hrudka
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Arpád Szabó
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Martin Oliverius
- Department of Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.O.); (Z.Š.)
| | - Zdeněk Šubrt
- Department of Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.O.); (Z.Š.)
| | - Jana Vránová
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Medical Informatics, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vanda Ciprová
- Institute of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Moravcová
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
- Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Mandys
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
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3
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Doghish AS, Elazazy O, Mohamed HH, Mansour RM, Ghanem A, Faraag AHI, Elballal MS, Elrebehy MA, Elesawy AE, Abdel Mageed SS, Mohammed OA, Nassar YA, Abulsoud AI, Raouf AA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Rashad AA, Elawady AS, Elsisi AM, Alsalme A, Ali MA. The role of miRNAs in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic resistance. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154880. [PMID: 37832353 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained increased attention from researchers around the globe. Although it is twenty nucleotides long, it can modulate several gene targets simultaneously. Their mal expression is a signature of various pathologies, and they provide the foundation to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of each pathology. Among the debilitating central nervous system (CNS) disorders with a growing prevalence globally is the multiple sclerosis (MS). Moreover, the diagnosis of MS is challenging due to the lack of disease-specific biomarkers, and the diagnosis mainly depends on ruling out other disabilities. MS could adversely affect patients' lives through its progression, and only symptomatic treatments are available as therapeutic options, but an exact cure is yet unavailable. Consequently, this review hopes to further the study of the biological features of miRNAs in MS and explore their potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
| | - Ola Elazazy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Hend H Mohamed
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Reda M Mansour
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt; Biology Department, School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Aml Ghanem
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H I Faraag
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed E Elesawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara A Nassar
- Biology Department, School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Amr Raouf
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Rashad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Alaa S Elawady
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohammed Elsisi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Al-Arish, Egypt
| | - Ali Alsalme
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Ali
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
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4
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Farasati Far B, Vakili K, Fathi M, Yaghoobpoor S, Bhia M, Naimi-Jamal MR. The role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancers: A review. Life Sci 2023; 316:121340. [PMID: 36586571 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating the expression of several target genes. miRNAs play a significant role in cancer biology, as they can downregulate their corresponding target genes by impeding the translation of mRNA (at the mRNA level) as well as degrading mRNAs by binding to the 3'-untranslated (UTR) regions (at the protein level). miRNAs may be employed as cancer biomarkers. Therefore, miRNAs are widely investigated for early detection of cancers which can lead to improved survival rates and quality of life. This is particularly important in the case of gastrointestinal cancers, where early detection of the disease could substantially impact patients' survival. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21 or miRNA-21) is one of the most frequently researched miRNAs, where it is involved in the pathophysiology of cancer and the downregulation of several tumor suppressor genes. In gastrointestinal cancers, miR-21 regulates phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 (SMAD7), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase /protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), β-catenin, tropomyosin 1, maspin, and ras homolog gene family member B (RHOB). In this review, we investigate the functions of miR-21 in pathogenesis and its applications as a diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarker in four different gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer (PC), gastric cancer (GC), and esophageal cancer (EC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Vakili
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mobina Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Yaghoobpoor
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammed Bhia
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Reza Naimi-Jamal
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Mandys V, Popov A, Gürlich R, Havránek J, Pfeiferová L, Kolář M, Vránová J, Smetana K, Lacina L, Szabo P. Expression of Selected miRNAs in Normal and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and in BxPc3 and MIA PaCa-2 Cell Lines of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043617. [PMID: 36835029 PMCID: PMC9961675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains challenging, and the chances of a complete cure are very limited. As in other types of cancer, the expression and role of miRNAs in controlling the biological properties of this type of tumor have been extensively studied. A better insight into miRNA biology seems critical to refining diagnostics and improving their therapeutic potential. In this study, we focused on the expression of miR-21, -96, -196a, -210, and -217 in normal fibroblasts, cancer-associated fibroblasts prepared from a ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, and pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. We compared these data with miRNAs in homogenates of paraffin-embedded sections from normal pancreatic tissues. In cancer-associated fibroblasts and cancer cell lines, miRNAs differed significantly from the normal tissue. In detail, miR-21 and -210 were significantly upregulated, while miR-217 was downregulated. Similar transcription profiles were earlier reported in cancer-associated fibroblasts exposed to hypoxia. However, the cells in our study were cultured under normoxic conditions. We also noted a relation to IL-6 production. In conclusion, cultured cancer-associated fibroblasts and carcinoma cells reflect miR-21 and -210 expression similarly to the cancer tissue samples harvested from the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Mandys
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexey Popov
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Gürlich
- Department of Surgery, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Havránek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Informatics and Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Pfeiferová
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Informatics and Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kolář
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Informatics and Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vránová
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Medical Informatics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- First Faculty of Medicine, BIOCEV, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Lacina
- First Faculty of Medicine, BIOCEV, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department Dermatovenereology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavol Szabo
- First Faculty of Medicine, BIOCEV, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
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6
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Seimiya T, Suzuki T, Iwata T, Kishikawa T, Sekiba K, Shibata C, Ishigaki K, Fujiwara H, Oyama H, Kanai S, Sato T, Nakai Y, Ishibashi R, Moriyama M, Nakagawa R, Ijichi H, Otsuka M, Koike K. Combination of serum human satellite RNA and miR-21-5p levels as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer. iScience 2023; 26:106021. [PMID: 36798431 PMCID: PMC9926314 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis due to the difficulty of its diagnosis. Because human satellite II (HSATII) RNA, a satellite repeat RNA, is highly and specifically expressed in human PDAC, the serum HSATII RNA level may be a biomarker of PDAC. To measure the serum HSATII RNA level with high sensitivity and reproducibility, we previously developed a convenient method, tandem repeat amplification by nuclease protection (TRAP) combined with droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Here, we refined the original method by simultaneously measuring the serum miR-21-5p level to enhance the detection of PDAC. The resulting PDAC-Index, constructed using serum HSATII RNA and miR-21-5p levels, discriminated patients with PDAC with high accuracy. We verified the clinical usefulness of the PDAC-Index as a supportive test in difficult-to-diagnose cases. The PDAC-Index has satisfactory diagnostic performance and may routinely be applied for detecting PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Seimiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takuma Iwata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sekiba
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Chikako Shibata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazunaga Ishigaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroki Oyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kanai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yousuke Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan,Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Rei Ishibashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | | | | | - Hideaki Ijichi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Rahnama N, Jahangir M, Alesaeid S, Kahrizi MS, Adili A, Mohammed RN, Aslaminabad R, Akbari M, Özgönül AM. Association between microRNAs and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer: Current knowledge, new insights, and forthcoming perspectives. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 236:153982. [PMID: 35779293 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma, commonly known as pancreatic cancer (PC), is a cancer-related cause of death due to delayed diagnosis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Patients with PC suffer from incorrect responses to chemotherapy due to inherent and acquired chemical resistance. Numerous studies have shown the mechanism of the effect of chemoresistance on PC, such as genetic and epigenetic changes or the elucidation of signaling pathways. In this regard, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as essential modulators of gene expression in various cellular functions, including chemoresistance. Thus, identifying the underlying link between microRNAs and PC chemoresistance helps determine the exact pathogenesis of PC. This study aims to classify miRNAs and signaling pathways related to PC chemoresistance, suggesting new therapeutic approaches to overcome PC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Rahnama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Health Services, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Samira Alesaeid
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Adili
- Senior Adult Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, FL, USA; Department of Oncology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rebar N Mohammed
- Medical Laboratory Analysis Department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University of Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| | - Ramin Aslaminabad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ali Mert Özgönül
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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8
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Liu S, Wu W, Liao J, Tang F, Gao G, Peng J, Fu X, Zhan Y, Chen Z, Xu W, Zhao S. MicroRNA-21: A Critical Pathogenic Factor of Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:895010. [PMID: 35865316 PMCID: PMC9294636 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.895010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most common and intractable microvascular complications of diabetes, is the main cause of terminal renal disease globally. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is a kind of miRNA early identified in human circulation and tissues. Mounting studies have demonstrated that miR-21 plays an important role in the development and progression of DN. This collaborative review aimed to present a first attempt to capture the current evidence on the relationship between miR-21 and DN. After a systematic search, 29 relevant studies were included for comprehensively and thoroughly reviewing. All these eligible studies reported that miR-21 was up-regulated in DN, whether in serum or renal tissues of human or animal models. MiR-21 exhibited its pathogenic roles in DN by forming a complex network with targeted genes (e.g. MMP-9, Smad7, TIMP3, Cdk6, FOXO1, IMP3, and MMP2) and the signaling cascades (e.g. Akt/TORC1 signaling axis, TGF-β/NF-κB signaling pathways, TGF-β/SMAD pathway, CADM1/STAT3 signaling, and AGE-RAGE regulatory cascade), which resulted in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, extracellular matrix deposition, cytoskeletal remodeling, inflammation, and fibrosis. This review highlights that miR-21 is a pivotal pathogenic factor in the development of DN. It may serve as an attractive potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarker for DN in clinical practice after further confirmation of the clinicopathological features and molecular mechanisms of miR-21-mediated DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuijiao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology & Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Weizhou Wu
- Department of Urology, Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Fuqin Tang
- Nursing Department, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Clinical Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of Clinical Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiujing Fu
- Department of Clinical Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yuqin Zhan
- Department of Clinical Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Department of Clinical Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Weifang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Weifang Xu, ; Shankun Zhao,
| | - Shankun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Weifang Xu, ; Shankun Zhao,
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9
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Prognostic value of miR-21 for prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 42:230521. [PMID: 34931228 PMCID: PMC8753345 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of miR-21 expression are associated with many cancers, suggesting it may be a promising clinical biomarker. In prostate cancer (PCa), however, there is still no consensus about the usefulness of miR-21 as an indicator of disease progression. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the value of miR-21 expression as a prognostic measurement in PCa patients. Medline (Ovid), EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for relevant publications between 2010 to 2021. Studies exploring the relationship between miR-21 expression, PCa prognosis and clinicopathological factors were selected for review. Those reporting hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were subject to meta-analyses. Fixed-effect models were employed to calculated pooled HRs and 95% CIs. Risk of bias in each study was assessed using QUIPS tool. Certainty of evidence in each meta-analysis was assessed using GRADE guidelines. A total of 64 studies were included in the systematic review. Of these, 11 were eligible for inclusion in meta-analysis. Meta-analyses revealed that high miR-21 expression was associated with poor prognosis: HR = 1.58 (95% CI = 1.19–2.09) for biochemical recurrence, MODERATE certainty; HR = 1.46 (95% CI = 1.06–2.01) for death, VERY LOW certainty; and HR = 1.26 (95% CI = 0.70–2.27) for disease progression, VERY LOW certainty. Qualitative summary revealed elevated miR-21 expression was significantly positively associated with PCa stage, Gleason score and risk groups. This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that elevated levels of miR-21 are associated with poor prognosis in PCa patients. miR-21 expression may therefore be a useful prognostic biomarker in this disease.
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10
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Pre-concentration of microRNAs by LNA-modified magnetic beads for enhancement of electrochemical detection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19650. [PMID: 34608225 PMCID: PMC8490432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are extremely promising candidates for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The levels of circulating microRNAs provide valuable information about cancer disease at its early stages. However, the levels of microRNAs that need to be detected are extremely low and difficult to discriminate from a large pool of oligonucleotides. There is the need for accurate, rapid and sensitive detection methodologies for detection of microRNAs. We developed electrochemical impedance spectroscopy peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-based sensors that can detect miRNAs in diluted serum with a limit of detection of 0.38 fM. In order to further improve the accuracy and reliability of the sensors, we developed an assay using magnetic beads for simple and rapid fishing of target microRNAs from solution and its pre-concentration prior to electrochemical detection. Our methodology utilizes magnetic beads for the capture of the target microRNA from solution and brings the concentrated sample to the sensor surface. We modify the magnetic beads with locked nucleic acids (LNA), which have high affinity and specificity to their complementary microRNA sequence. The separated and concentrated microRNA is then detected using the PNA-based sensors. By exposing the sensing electrodes only to the captured microRNAs, interferences from other nucleotides or biomolecules from the sample are eliminated.
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11
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Gu Y, Huang LJ, Zhao W, Zhang TT, Cui MR, Yang XJ, Zhao XL, Chen HY, Xu JJ. Living-Cell MicroRNA Imaging with Self-Assembling Fragments of Fluorescent Protein-Mimic RNA Aptamer. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2339-2347. [PMID: 34028262 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
As the cellular roles of RNA abundance continue to increase, there is an urgent need for the corresponding tools to elucidate native RNA functions and dynamics, especially those of short, low-abundance RNAs in live cells. Fluorescent RNA aptamers provide a useful strategy to create the RNA tag and biosensor devices. Corn, which binds with 3,5-difluoro-4-hydroxybenzylidene-imidazolinone-2-oxime (DFHO), is a good candidate for the RNA tag because of its enhanced photostability and red-shifted spectrum. Herein, we report for the first time the utilization of Corn as a split aptamer system, combined with RNA-initiated fluorescence complementation (RIFC), for monitoring RNA self-assembly and sensing microRNA. In this platform, the 28-nt Corn was divided into two nonfunctional halves (named probe I and probe II), and an additional target RNA recognition and stem part was introduced in each probe. The target RNA can trigger the self-assembly reconstitution of the Corn's G-quadruplex scaffold for DFHO binding and turn-on fluorescence. These probes can be transfected stably into mammalian cells and deliver the light-up fluorescent response to microRNA-21 (miR-21). Significantly, the probes have good photostability, with minimal fluorescence loss after continuous irradiation, and can be used for imaging of miR-21 in living mammalian cells. The proposed method is universal and could be applied to the sensing of other tumor-associated RNAs, including messenger RNA and noncoding RNA, as well as for monitoring RNA/RNA interactions. The Corn-based splitting aptamers show promising potential in the real-time visualization and mechanistic analysis of nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, China
| | - Li-Juan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mei-Rong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xue-Li Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zheng-Zhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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12
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Shakeri A, Ghanbari M, Tasbandi A, Sahebkar A. Regulation of microRNA-21 expression by natural products in cancer. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3732-3746. [PMID: 33724576 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have been of much interest in research studies owing to their wide pharmacological applications, chemical diversity, low side effects, and multitarget activities. Examples of these compounds include matrine, sulforaphane, silibinin, curcumin, berberin, resveratrol, and quercetin. Some of the present anticancer drugs, such as taxol, vincristine, vinblastine, and doxorubicin are also derived from natural products. The anti-carcinogenic effects of these products are partly mediated through modulation of microRNA-21 (miR-21) expression. To date, numerous downstream targets of miR-21 have been recognized, which include phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ras homolog gene family member B (RHOB), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. These signaling pathways, their regulation by oncomiR-21 in cancer, and the modulating impact of natural products are the main focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Shakeri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aida Tasbandi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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13
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Aalami AH, Abdeahad H, Mesgari M. Circulating miR-21 as a potential biomarker in human digestive system carcinoma: a systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis. Biomarkers 2021; 26:103-113. [PMID: 33434077 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1875504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) account for about a quarter of cancers. Lately, the circulating microRNAs as a non-invasive biomarker for identifying and monitoring diseases have been recognized. Several studies have examined the role of miR-21 in digestive system carcinoma. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic role of miR-21 in GICs.Methods: Seventeen studies involving 1700 individuals were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, AUC, SROC, and Q* index were calculated based on true-positive, true-negative, false-negative, and false-positive. Moreover, the subgroup analyses have been performed for miR-21 based on sample types (serum/plasma), normalized genes (U6, miR-16, and miR-39), and ethnicity.Results: The pooled sensitivity 0.722 (95% CI: 0.70-0.74), specificity 0.820 (95% CI: 0.801-0.838), PLR 4.375 (95% CI: 3.226-5.933), NLR 0.308 (95% CI: 0.239-0.398), DOR 16.06 (95% CI: 9.732-26.53) as well as AUC 0.86, and Q* index 0.79 represented the high-grade diagnostic precision of miR-21 in identifying GICs (ESCC, GC, CRC, HCC, and PC).Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that circulating miR-21 levels can be used to monitor the digestive system carcinomas. Therefore, miR-21 can be a useful biomarker of progression and fair diagnosis in GICs patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Aalami
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdeahad
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Collogue of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mohammad Mesgari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Wu Y, Li Q, Zhang R, Dai X, Chen W, Xing D. Circulating microRNAs: Biomarkers of disease. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 516:46-54. [PMID: 33485903 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of endogenous noncoding single-stranded RNA molecules with approximately 20-24 nucleotides and are associated with a broad range of biological processes. Researchers found that microRNAs are abundant in tissues, and more importantly, there are also trace circulating microRNAs that exist in biological fluids. In recent years, circulating microRNAs had emerged as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for the noninvasive detection of diseases with high specificity and sensitivity. More importantly, specific microRNA expression signatures reflect not only the existence of early-stage diseases but also the dynamic development of advanced-stage diseases, disease prognosis prediction, and drug resistance. To date, an increasing number of potential miRNA biomarkers have been reported, but their practical application prospects are still unclear. Therefore, microRNAs, as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in a variety of diseases, need to be updated, as they are of great importance in the diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of therapeutic responses. In this review, we summary our current understanding of microRNAs as potential biomarkers in the major diseases (e.g., cancers and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases), which provide the basis for the design of diagnosis and treatment plan and the improvement of the cure rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qian Li
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Renshuai Zhang
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaoli Dai
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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15
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MiRNAs directly targeting the key intermediates of biological pathways in pancreatic cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 189:114357. [PMID: 33279497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic Cancer (PC) is a severe form of malignancy all over the world. Delayed diagnosis and chemoresistance are the major factors contributing to its poor prognosis and high mortality rate. The genetic and epigenetic regulations of biological pathways further complicate the progression and chemotherapy response to this cancer. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) involvement has been observed in all types of cancers including PC. The understanding and categorization of miRNAs according to their specific targets are very important to develop early diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The current review, emphasizing recent research findings, has categorized miRNAs that directly target the potential onco-factors that act as central converging signal-nodes in five major cancer-related pathways i.e., MAPK/ERK, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, AKT/mTOR, and TGFβ in PC. The therapeutic perspectives of miRNAs in PC have also been discussed. This will help to understand the interplay of various miRNAs within foremost signaling pathways and develop a multifactorial approach to treat difficult-to-treat PC.
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16
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Chen T, Yan J, Li Z. Expression of miR-34a is a sensitive biomarker for exposure to genotoxic agents in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2020; 856-857:503232. [PMID: 32928372 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
miR-34a has been identified as a tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA) involved in the P53 network. Its expression levels correlate to carcinogenesis, which are generally lower in tumor tissue and higher in response to DNA damage. In this study, the response of miR-34a from exposure to genotoxic agents in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells was evaluated to assess whether the expression of this miRNA could be used as an early indicator for genotoxic damage in mammalian cells. TK6 cells were treated with seven genotoxic agents with different mode-of-actions (cisplatin, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, etoposide, mitomycin C, methyl methanesulphonate, taxol, and X-ray radiation) and a non-genetic toxin (usnic acid) at different concentrations for four hours (except for X-rays) and the expression levels of miR-34a were measured 24 h after the beginning of the treatments. The expression levels of miR-34a were significantly increased by these genetic toxins in a dose-dependent manner, while no significant change in miRNA expression was found in the usnic acid-treated cells. These results suggest that miR-34a can respond to genotoxic insults sensitively; thus, miR-34a expression has the potential to be used to evaluate genotoxicity of agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, United States.
| | - Jian Yan
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, United States
| | - Zhiguang Li
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, United States
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17
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Gablo NA, Prochazka V, Kala Z, Slaby O, Kiss I. Cell-free microRNAs as Non-invasive Diagnostic and Prognostic Bio- markers in Pancreatic Cancer. Curr Genomics 2020; 20:569-580. [PMID: 32581645 PMCID: PMC7290054 DOI: 10.2174/1389202921666191217095017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PaC) is one of the most lethal cancers, with an increasing global incidence rate. Unfavorable prognosis largely results from associated difficulties in early diagnosis and the absence of prognostic and predictive biomarkers that would enable an individualized therapeutic approach. In fact, PaC prognosis has not improved for years, even though much efforts and resources have been devoted to PaC research, and the multimodal management of PaC patients has been used in clinical practice. It is thus imperative to develop optimal biomarkers, which would increase diagnostic precision and improve the post-diagnostic management of PaC patients. Current trends in biomarker research envisage the unique opportunity of cell-free microRNAs (miRNAs) present in circulation to become a convenient, non-invasive tool for accurate diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of response to treatment. This review analyzes studies focused on cell-free miRNAs in PaC. The studies provide solid evidence that miRNAs are detectable in serum, blood plasma, saliva, urine, and stool, and that they present easy-to-acquire biomarkers with strong diagnostic, prognostic and predictive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Gablo
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Prochazka
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kala
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Kiss
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
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18
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Point-of-care testing of MicroRNA based on personal glucose meter and dual signal amplification to evaluate drug-induced kidney injury. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1112:72-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Fan B, Jin Y, Zhang H, Zhao R, Sun M, Sun M, Yuan X, Wang W, Wang X, Chen Z, Liu W, Yu N, Wang Q, Liu T, Li X. MicroRNA‑21 contributes to renal cell carcinoma cell invasiveness and angiogenesis via the PDCD4/c‑Jun (AP‑1) signalling pathway. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:178-192. [PMID: 31789394 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs are associated with malignant biological behaviour, including tumorigenesis, cancer progression and metastasis via the regulation of target gene expression. Our previous study demonstrated that programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4), which is a tumour suppressor gene, is a target of microRNA‑21 (miR‑21), which affects the proliferation and transformation capabilities of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. However, the role of miR‑21 in the molecular mechanism underlying the migration, invasion and angiogenesis of RCC remains poorly understood. The effects of miR‑21 on the invasion, migration and angiogenesis of RCC cells was determined through meta‑analysis and regulation of miR‑21 expression in vitro. After searching several databases, 6 articles including a total of 473 patients met the eligibility criteria for this analysis. The combined results of the meta‑analysis revealed that increased miR‑21 expression was significantly associated with adverse prognosis in patients with RCC, with a pooled hazard ratio estimate of 1.740. In in vitro experiments, we demonstrated that a miR‑21 inhibitor decreased the number of migrating and invading A498 and 786‑O RCC cells, along with a decrease in PDCD4, c‑Jun, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP9 expression. Additionally, inhibition of miR‑21 was revealed to reduce tube formation and tube junctions in the endothelial cell line HMEC‑1 by affecting the expression of angiotensin‑1 and vascular endothelial growth factor A, whereas PDCD4 small interfering RNA exerted opposite effects on the same cells. Overall, these findings, along with evidence‑based molecular biology, demonstrated that miR‑21 expression promoted the migration, invasion and angiogenic abilities of RCC cells by directly targeting the PDCD4/c‑Jun signalling pathway. The results may help elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the development and progression of RCC and provide a promising target for microRNA‑based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yiying Jin
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Hongshuo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan College of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Man Sun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Mengfan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan College of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Yuan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqi Chen
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Wankai Liu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Na Yu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Tingjiao Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xiancheng Li
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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20
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Negoi I, Beuran M, Hostiuc S, Sartelli M, El-Hussuna A, de-Madaria E. Glycosylation alterations in acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer: CA19-9 expression is involved in pathogenesis and maybe targeted by therapy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:S306. [PMID: 32016025 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.10.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ionut Negoi
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Beuran
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Hostiuc
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Alaa El-Hussuna
- Department of Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Enrique de-Madaria
- Gastroenterology Department, Alicante University General Hospital, ISABIAL, Alicante, Spain
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21
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Outcomes and Characteristics of Patients Receiving Second-line Therapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 2019; 42:196-201. [PMID: 30499841 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is limited randomized data to guide second-line chemotherapy selection in advanced pancreatic cancer (APC). We aimed to characterize predictors and outcomes of second-line chemotherapy in patients with APC. METHODS We identified all patients with APC [locally advanced (LAPC) or metastatic (MPC)] who received ≥1 cycle of first-line chemotherapy between January 2012 and December 2015 across 6 cancer centers in British Columbia, Canada. Baseline characteristics and survival outcomes were summarized. RESULTS Of 676 patients with APC (31% LAPC, 69% MPC) who received ≥1 cycle of chemotherapy, 164 (24%) received second-line chemotherapy. These patients were younger, with lower ECOG and higher CA19-9 at presentation, compared with patients who did not receive second-line chemotherapy. There were no differences in rates of second-line chemotherapy between LAPC and MPC (28% vs. 23%; P=0.18). Only first-line FOLFIRINOX was associated with second-line chemotherapy. Median overall survival (OS) from second-line chemotherapy was longer with second-line gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel than fluoropyrimidine or gemcitabine (7.9 vs. 5.1 vs. 4.3 mo; P=0.008). On multivariable analysis, longer OS from second-line chemotherapy was associated with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel, lower ECOG, and LAPC. CONCLUSIONS In this population-based cohort, first-line FOLFIRINOX was the strongest predictor of second-line chemotherapy. Duration of therapy remains short and novel treatments are urgently needed.
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22
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Yu Y, Dong JT, He B, Zou YF, Li XS, Xi CH, Yu Y. LncRNA SNHG16 induces the SREBP2 to promote lipogenesis and enhance the progression of pancreatic cancer. Future Oncol 2019; 15:3831-3844. [PMID: 31664866 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Blocking lipogenesis could significantly inhibit the progression of pancreatic cancer. Exploring the regulatory mechanisms of lipogenesis by lncRNA SNHG16 might be of great significance to control the development of pancreatic cancer. Methods: The proliferation, migration, invasion and lipogenesis were determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, wound healing, transwell and Oil Red O staining assays, respectively. The interactions among lncRNA SNHG16, miR-195 and SREBP2 were analyzed by dual luciferase reporter assays. Results: Both the knock down of lncRNA SNHG16 and SREBP2 and overexpression of miR-195 suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion and lipogenesis in pancreatic cancer cells. LncRNA SNHG16 directly sponged miR-195 to modulate the lipogenesis via regulating the expression of SREBP2. Conclusion: LncRNA SNHG16 accelerated the development of pancreatic cancer and promoted lipogenesis via directly regulating miR-195/SREBP2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 201801, PR China
| | - Jia-Tian Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Bing He
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xue-Song Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Chen-Hui Xi
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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23
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to estimate the prognostic and clinicopathologic significance of miR-125a-5p in human cancers. Eligible studies were obtained from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were used to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathologic value of miR-125a-5p. In pan-cancer, high miR-125a-5p expression was associated with better overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.459, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.369-0.57, P < .001), and disease-free survival (HR = 0.343, 95% CI: 0.237-0.496, P < .001). Furthermore, favorable OS was also found in lung cancer (HR = 0.343, 95% CI: 0.228-0.517, P < .001) and gastric cancer (HR = 0.341, 95% CI: 0.160-0.725, P = .005) patients with high miR-125a-5p expression. Besides, high miR-125a-5p expression was correlated with early stage (OR = 0.413, 95% CI: 0.228-0.749, P = .004) and negative lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.262, 95% CI: 0.073-0.941, P = .04) in gastric cancer, and was linked with better tumor differentiation in pan-cancer (OR = 1.623, 95% CI: 1.064-2.476, P = .025) and lung cancer (OR = 2.371, 95% CI: 1.358-4.141, P = .002). In conclusion, miR-125a-5p is a tumor suppressor with prognostic and clinicopathologic values for human cancer, and miR-125a-5p overexpression predicted favorable prognosis, early stage, negative lymph node metastasis, and better tumor differentiation. More research should be conducted to test these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Ye
- Department of Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital, Wenzhou
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Huzhou
| | - Lina Mei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital
| | - Zhouxiang Lu
- Department of internal medicine, Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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24
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Moscetti I, Cannistraro S, Bizzarri AR. Probing direct interaction of oncomiR-21-3p with the tumor suppressor p53 by fluorescence, FRET and atomic force spectroscopy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 671:35-41. [PMID: 31181181 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
miRNA-21-3p is overexpressed in a number of cancers and contributes to their development with a concomitant inhibition of the p53 onco-suppressive function. While a direct interaction of p53 with some miRNA precursors (namely pri-miRNAs and pre-miRNAs) was found, no interaction with mature micro RNA has been so far evidenced. It could therefore be very interesting to investigate if a direct interaction of miR-21-3p and p53 is occurring with possible impairment of the p53 onco-suppressive function. Fluorescence and Atomic Force Spectroscopy (AFS) were applied to study the interaction of p53 DNA Binding Domain (DBD) and miRNA-21-3p. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) was used to measure the distance between the DBD lone tryptophan (FRET donor) and a dye (FRET acceptor) bound to miRNA-21-3p. AFS and Fluorescence evidenced a direct interaction between miRNA-21-3p and DBD; with the formed complex being characterized by an affinity of 105 M, with a lifetime in the order of seconds. FRET allowed to determine an average distance of 4.0 nm between the DBD lone Trp146 and miRNA-21-3p; consistently with the involvement of the DBD L3 loop and/or the H1 helix in the complex formation, directly involved in the oligomerization and DNA binding. This may suggest that a functional inhibition of p53 could arise from its interaction with the oncogenic miRNA. Evidence of DBD-miRNA-21-3p complex formation may deserve some interest for inspiring novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Moscetti
- Biophysics and Nanoscience Centre, DEB, Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Anna Rita Bizzarri
- Biophysics and Nanoscience Centre, DEB, Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and CA19-9 are simple and informative prognostic factors in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2019; 18:203-205. [PMID: 31000337 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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26
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Zhou Q, Tang D. Catalytic hairpin assembly-mediated surface charge density on the electrode for sensitive potentiometric detection of microRNA-21 in IgA-nephropathy. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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27
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Tian J, Shen R, Yan Y, Deng L. miR-186 promotes tumor growth in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting apoptotic protease activating factor-1. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4010-4018. [PMID: 30344679 PMCID: PMC6176155 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) accounts for 20% of non-melanoma skin cancer worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a subtype of non-coding RNA associated with the progression of various types of human cancer. MiR-186 has been demonstrated to act as an oncogene in human tumors. However, the role of miR-186 in cSCC remains unclear. The expression of miR-186 and apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (APAF1) was examined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunofluorescence. The correlation between miR-186 and APAF1 was determined using a dual-luciferase assay. Mimics or inhibitors of miR-186 were transfected into A-431 cells to establish cell lines with overexpressed or knocked-down miR-186, respectively. EdU staining and colony formation assays were performed to detect cell proliferation. Transwell and wound-healing assays were performed to analyze cell invasion and migration, respectively. Hoechst staining and flow cytometry were performed to assess cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. MiR-186 expression was significantly increased, while APAF1 expression was significantly decreased in cSCC tissues compared with the controls. An miR-186 binding site was predicted in APAF1 and their expression was negatively correlated in cSCC tissues. Cell proliferation, invasion and migration were significantly enhanced in the miR-186-overexpressed A-431 cells and attenuated in miR-186 knockdown cells compared with the control. APAF1 expression was regulated by miR-186, while APAF1 knockdown significantly promoted cell invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis. In summary, the results of the present study indicate that miR-186 serves as an oncogene in cSCC by inhibiting APAF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Rui Shen
- Department of Plastic Cosmetic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Yuzhang Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tianhe District Chronic Disease Prophylactic-Therapeutic Institution, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510599, P.R. China
| | - Liehua Deng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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28
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Kanat O, Ertas H. Shattering the castle walls: Anti-stromal therapy for pancreatic cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2018; 10:202-210. [PMID: 30147846 PMCID: PMC6107476 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v10.i8.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of potent chemotherapy regimens, such as 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) and nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine, treatment outcomes in metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC) remain unsatisfactory. The presence of an abundant fibrous stroma in PC is considered a crucial factor for its unfavorable condition. Apparently, stroma acts as a physical barrier to restrict intratumoral cytotoxic drug penetration and creates a hypoxic environment that reduces the efficacy of radiotherapy. In addition, stroma plays a vital supportive role in the development and progression of PC, which has prompted researchers to assess the potential benefits of agents targeting several cellular (e.g., stellate cells) and acellular (e.g., hyaluronan) elements of the stroma. This study aims to briefly review the primary structural properties of PC stroma and its interaction with cancer cells and summarize the current status of anti-stromal therapies in the management of metastatic PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozkan Kanat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
| | - Hulya Ertas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
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29
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Koga T, Migita K, Sato T, Sato S, Umeda M, Nonaka F, Fukui S, Kawashiri SY, Iwamoto N, Ichinose K, Tamai M, Nakamura H, Origuchi T, Ueki Y, Masumoto J, Agematsu K, Yachie A, Yoshiura KI, Eguchi K, Kawakami A. MicroRNA-204-3p inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokines in familial Mediterranean fever via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ pathway. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018; 57:718-726. [PMID: 29294109 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We sought to identify the microRNA (miRNA) profile and potential biomarkers in FMF and to clarify their gene targets to elucidate the pathogenesis of FMF. Methods We performed an miRNA microarray using serum from FMF patients in attack and in remission. We then examined the expression of miRNAs in macrophages derived from THP-1 cells stimulated with toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands. Macrophages derived from THP-1 cells transfected with pre-miRNA were stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) for the quantification of inflammatory cytokine production. To identify the target genes, we overexpressed their miRNA and performed a complementary DNA microarray. Transfection with reporter construct and the precursor miRNA was performed to confirm the suppression of target mRNA. Results We found that miR-204-3p was greatly decreased in the serum from FMF patients in attack. The expression of miR-204-3p was suppressed by LPS stimulation in the macrophages derived from THP-1 cells and the inhibition of miR-204-3p significantly induced the production of TLR4-related cytokines. The bioinformatic analysis showed that miR-204-3p is predicted to target genes implicated in the TLR pathway through the regulation of PI3Kγ signalling. The reporter assay revealed that miR-204-3p directly suppressed the luciferase activity of 3'-UTR of PIK3CG reporter construct. The inhibition of PI3Kγ resulted in decreased amounts of IL-6 and IL-12p40 in monocytes from FMF patients. Conclusion These data suggest that serum miR-204-3p has potential as a useful biomarker in FMF patients and that miR-204-3p serves as a suppressor of inflammatory cytokine production in FMF by targeting the PI3Kγ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Koga
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Migita
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomohito Sato
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Sato
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Clinical Research Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masataka Umeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Nonaka
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Sasebo City General Hospital, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Shoichi Fukui
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Iwamoto
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Ichinose
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mami Tamai
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakamura
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoki Origuchi
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yukitaka Ueki
- Center for Rheumatic Disease, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Junya Masumoto
- Department of Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine and Proteo-Science Center, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazunaga Agematsu
- Department of Infectious Immunology, Shinshu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yachie
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Koh-Ichiro Yoshiura
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsumi Eguchi
- Center for Rheumatic Disease, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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30
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) refractory to first-line therapy have a dismal prognosis and limited therapeutic options, with only one option consisting of nanoliposomal irinotecan in combination with fluorouracil and folinic acid which was approved by FDA based upon results of the phase III NAPOLI-1 study. Areas covered: We performed a literature search for relevant published clinical trials, abstracts of trials in progress and ongoing or planned trials for the second line treatment of APC using Pubmed.com, ClinicalTrials.gov and American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) abstract search as sources. We present an in-depth analysis of the phase I-III clinical trials determining the role and efficacy of second-line treatment in patients with APC. We also describe ongoing studies and rationale for future investigation. Expert opinion: Despite advances in first-line therapy such as gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel and FOLFIRINOX in APC, median overall survival remains less than 12 months, highlighting the need to develop second-line therapies. In order to establish much needed effective second-line treatment options, we need cooperative efforts among institutions and community practices in enrolling these refractory patients in clinical trials. It should be emphasized that in addition to chemotherapy options, all patients should have the opportunity to consult with nutritionist, social worker and palliative care health providers to assist with goals of care, symptom management and end of life discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank C Passero
- a GI Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics , Tufts Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Muhammad Wasif Saif
- a GI Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics , Tufts Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA
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