Primary Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of the temporal bone: A rare case report

Lytic Mastoid Lesion in a Patient with Otalgia

The differential diagnosis for an isolated lytic mastoid lesion is broad, encompassing various conditions requiring careful consideration. These include granulomatous disorders such as Langerhans cell histiocytosis and sarcoidosis, neoplastic processes like multiple myeloma, leukemia, lymphoma, and metastases, primary bone diseases such as Paget's disease, fibrous dysplasia, and osteitis fibrosa cystica, as well as infectious causes like osteomyelitis. In this report, we present a patient with otalgia and an isolated lytic mastoid lesion.

Pediatric Petrous Apex Lesions: A Radiological Classification and Diagnostic Algorithm

The petrous apex (PA) is involved in a myriad of pathological conditions, some of which are exclusive in children. Diagnosis may be difficult due to vague clinical presentation, and local examination is challenging owing to its inaccessible location. This is further complicated by multiple unfused sutures and ongoing PA pneumatization in children. Cross-sectional imaging is vital for the evaluation of the PA lesions, due to their precarious location and proximity to the major neurovascular structures. Several classification systems have been proposed for these lesions based on their site of origin, solid or cystic appearance, surgical or non-surgical (no touch lesions) management, and benign or malignant nature. In this article, we emphasize the distinctive role of different cross-sectional imaging modalities in the diagnosis of pediatric PA lesions, with special attention to normal variants that should not be mistaken for pathology. We also propose a radiological classification and algorithmic approach to aid in the precise diagnosis and facilitate appropriate management of the various PA lesions in children.