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Ding Z, Cui J, Zhang Q, Feng J, Du B, Xue G, Yan C, Gan L, Fan Z, Feng Y, Zhao H, Xu Z, Yu Z, Fu T, Zhang R, Cui X, Tian Z, Chen J, Chen Y, Li Z, Zhong X, Lin Y, Yuan J. Detecting and quantifying Veillonella by real-time quantitative PCR and droplet digital PCR. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:45. [PMID: 38175238 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Veillonella spp. are Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens present in the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive tracts of mammals. An abnormal increase in Veillonella relative abundance in the body is closely associated with periodontitis, inflammatory bowel disease, urinary tract infections, and many other diseases. We designed a pair of primers and a probe based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Veillonella and conducted real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to quantify the abundance of Veillonella in fecal samples. These two methods were tested for specificity and sensitivity using simulated clinical samples. The sensitivity of qPCR was 100 copies/μL, allowing for the accurate detection of a wide range of Veillonella concentrations from 103 to 108 CFU/mL. The sensitivity of ddPCR was 11.3 copies/μL, only allowing for the accurate detection of Veillonella concentrations from 101 to 104 CFU/mL because of the limited number of droplets generated by ddPCR. ddPCR is therefore more suitable for the detection of low-abundance Veillonella samples. To characterize the validity of the assay system, clinical samples from children with inflammatory bowel disease were collected and analyzed, and the results were verified using isolation methods. We conclude that molecular assays targeting the 16S rRNA gene provides an important tool for the rapid diagnosis of chronic and infectious diseases caused by Veillonella and also supports the isolation and identification of Veillonella for research purposes. KEY POINTS: • With suitable primer sets, the qPCR has a wider detection range than ddPCR. • ddPCR is suitable for the detection of low-abundance samples. • Methods successfully guided the isolation of Veillonella in clinical sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanbo Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Cui
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Du
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Xue
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Fan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Xu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Yu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Fu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohu Cui
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyan Tian
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhoufei Li
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- Gastroenterology Department, Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanbing Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
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Spatafora G, Li Y, He X, Cowan A, Tanner ACR. The Evolving Microbiome of Dental Caries. Microorganisms 2024; 12:121. [PMID: 38257948 PMCID: PMC10819217 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a significant oral and public health problem worldwide, especially in low-income populations. The risk of dental caries increases with frequent intake of dietary carbohydrates, including sugars, leading to increased acidity and disruption of the symbiotic diverse and complex microbial community of health. Excess acid production leads to a dysbiotic shift in the bacterial biofilm composition, demineralization of tooth structure, and cavities. Highly acidic and acid-tolerant species associated with caries include Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus, Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium, and Scardovia species. The differences in microbiotas depend on tooth site, extent of carious lesions, and rate of disease progression. Metagenomics and metatranscriptomics not only reveal the structure and genetic potential of the caries-associated microbiome, but, more importantly, capture the genetic makeup of the metabolically active microbiome in lesion sites. Due to its multifactorial nature, caries has been difficult to prevent. The use of topical fluoride has had a significant impact on reducing caries in clinical settings, but the approach is costly; the results are less sustainable for high-caries-risk individuals, especially children. Developing treatment regimens that specifically target S. mutans and other acidogenic bacteria, such as using nanoparticles, show promise in altering the cariogenic microbiome, thereby combatting the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Spatafora
- Biology and Program in Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753, USA
| | - Yihong Li
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Xuesong He
- ADA-Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;
| | - Annie Cowan
- The Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Tao L, Chiarelli MP, Pavlova S, Kolokythas A, Schwartz J, DeFrancesco J, Salameh B, Green SJ, Adami G. Enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolizing microorganisms on the oral mucosa of tobacco users. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16626. [PMID: 38188172 PMCID: PMC10771095 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Certain soil microbes resist and metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The same is true for a subset of skin microbes. In the human mouth, oral microbes have the potential to oxidize tobacco PAHs, thereby increasing these chemicals' ability to cause cancer of adjacent epithelium. We hypothesized that we could identify, in smokers, the oral mucosal microbes that can metabolize PAH. We isolated bacteria and fungi that survived long-term in minimal media with PAHs as the sole carbon source, under aerobic conditions, from the oral mucosa in 17 of 26 smokers and two of 14 nonsmokers. Of bacteria genera that survived harsh PAH exposure in vitro, most were found at trace levels, except for Staphylococcus, Actinomyces, and Kingella, which were more abundant. Two PAH-resistant strains of Candida albicans (C. albicans) were isolated from smokers. C. albicans was a prime candidate to contribute to carcinogenesis in tobacco users as it is found orally at high levels in tobacco users on the mucosa, and some Candida species can metabolize PAHs. However, when C. albicans isolates were tested for metabolism of two model PAH substrates, pyrene and phenanthrene, they were not capable, suggesting they cannot metabolize PAH under the conditions used. In conclusion, evidence for large scale microbial degradation of tobacco PAHs under aerobic conditions on the oral mucosa remains lacking, though nonabundant PAH metabolizers are certainly present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tao
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - M Paul Chiarelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Sylvia Pavlova
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Antonia Kolokythas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - James DeFrancesco
- Forensic Science Program — Department of Criminal Justice, Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Salameh
- Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Stefan J. Green
- DNA Sequencing Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Guy Adami
- Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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Mishra G, Kharbanda OP, Chaudhry R, Duggal R. A pattern of microbiological colonization of orthodontic miniscrew implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023; 164:554-566. [PMID: 37204351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current orthodontic literature reveals a lack of studies on bacterial colonization of orthodontic miniscrew implants (MSI) and their role in the stability of MSI. This study aimed to determine the pattern of microbiological colonization of miniscrew implants in 2 major age groups, to compare it with the microbial flora of gingival sulci in the same group of patients and to compare microbial flora in successful and failed miniscrews. METHODS The study involved 102 MSI placed in 32 orthodontic subjects in 2 age groups: (1) aged ≤14 years and (2) aged >14 years. Gingival and peri-mini implant crevicular fluid samples were collected using sterile paper points (International Organization for Standardization no. 35) >3 months and processed by conventional microbiologic culture and biochemical techniques. A microbiologist characterized and identified the bacteria, and the results were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS Initial colonization was reported within 24 hours, with Streptococci being the dominant colonizer. The relative proportion of anaerobic bacteria over aerobic bacteria increased over time in peri-mini implant crevicular fluid. Group 1 had greater Citrobacter (P = 0.036) and Parvimonas micra (P = 0.016) colonizing MSI than group 2. Failed MSI showed a significantly higher presence of Parvimonas micra (P = 0.008) in group 1 and Staphylococci (P = 0.008), Enterococci (P = 0.011), and Parvimonas micra (P <0.001) in group 2. CONCLUSIONS Microbial colonization around MSI is established within 24 hours. Compared to gingival crevicular fluid, peri-mini implant crevicular fluid is colonized by a higher proportion of Staphylococci, facultative enteric commensals and anaerobic cocci. The failed miniscrews showed a higher proportion of Staphylococci, Enterobacter, and Parvimonas micra, suggesting their possible role in the stability of MSI. The bacterial profile of MSI varies with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanda Mishra
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Om Prakash Kharbanda
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rama Chaudhry
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritu Duggal
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm-forming ability of Veillonella strains. Anaerobe 2022; 78:102667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bernardi S, Karygianni L, Filippi A, Anderson AC, Zürcher A, Hellwig E, Vach K, Macchiarelli G, Al-Ahmad A. Combining culture and culture-independent methods reveals new microbial composition of halitosis patients' tongue biofilm. Microbiologyopen 2019; 9:e958. [PMID: 31725203 PMCID: PMC7002105 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral malodor is a very discomforting condition deriving from the presence of volatile sulfur compounds in the expired air. In halitosis of intraoral etiology, the volatile sulfur compounds are metabolic products of the oral microorganisms within the biofilm coating the tongue dorsum as well as other tissues in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the microbial composition of tongue biofilm in volunteers suffering from halitosis and healthy volunteers by means of both the culture method and culture‐independent cloning technique. Results A high bacterial variety (more than 80 different species) was detected using the combination of both methods. A distinct bacterial composition was revealed in the halitosis‐associated biofilms compared with the health‐associated biofilms. Actinomyces graevenitzii was shown to be significantly associated with the halitosis condition. The culture method identified 47 species, included Veillonella rogosae, never isolated from the tongue biofilm of halitosis patients so far. In the healthy condition, the culture‐dependent method showed that the most frequent species were Streptococcus parasanguinis among the aerobes and Veillonella spp. among the anaerobes. The culture‐independent cloning method detected more than 50 species. Streptococci, in particular S. mitis/oralis, S. pseudopneumoniae, and S. infantis as well as Prevotella spp., were found most frequently in halitosis patients. Streptococcus salivarius and Rothia mucilaginosa were found more frequently in the healthy condition. Conclusions The combination of the culture‐dependent and culture‐independent cloning techniques allowed for a widespread analysis of the tongue biofilm in halitosis patients. The results can support further pharmacological research for new antimicrobial agents and halitosis therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bernardi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Lamprini Karygianni
- Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Filippi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Traumatology, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annette Carola Anderson
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Zürcher
- Department of Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Traumatology, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elmar Hellwig
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Guido Macchiarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Ali Al-Ahmad
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Djais AA, Theodorea CF, Mashima I, Otomo M, Saitoh M, Nakazawa F. Identification and phylogenetic analysis of oral Veillonella species isolated from the saliva of Japanese children. F1000Res 2019; 8:616. [PMID: 31448103 PMCID: PMC6688723 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.18506.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As the most frequent infectious disease among children worldwide, dental caries have a strong relationship with oral hygiene status, specifically in the development of infection. However, the study regarding the identification and distribution of oral
Veillonella are limited. The oral
Veillonella community may affected by the differences in geographical location, age, diet, lifestyle, socio-economic status and oral hygiene status. Here, we studied the oral hygiene status by examining the composition and proportion of oral
Veillonella species in saliva of Japanese children. Methods: Microbial samples collected from 15 Japanese children divided into three oral hygiene groups were cultured under anaerobic conditions after homogenization and dilution, and inoculated onto brain heart infusion and selective medium
Veillonella agar. Genomic DNA was extracted from each isolate.
Veillonella species were detected by one-step PCR using
rpoB species-specific primers. To analyse the phylogenetic properties of the unknown
Veillonella strains, PCR amplification and sequence analysis of
rpoB were conducted for 10 representative strains. Results: Although
V. rogosae was found as the predominant species among all groups, its prevalence was significantly lower in the children with poor oral hygiene than in those with good oral hygiene.
V. parvula was the prevalent species in the poor oral hygiene group. Approximately 10% of the isolated
Veillonella strains were not classified to any established species; the phylogenetic analysis showed that they were most closely related to
V.infantium Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the composition and proportion of oral
Veillonella species in the saliva of Japanese children is correlated with different oral hygiene status. Changes in detection ratios of
V. parvula and
V. rogosae can be useful indicators of oral hygiene status. Furthermore, new strains closely related to
V. infantium were isolated from the saliva of Japanese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna A Djais
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Citra Fragrantia Theodorea
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.,Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Izumi Mashima
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya, 470-0915, Japan
| | - Maiko Otomo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Masato Saitoh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Futoshi Nakazawa
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
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Draft Genome Sequences of Two Veillonella tobetsuensis Clinical Isolates from Intraoperative Bronchial Fluids of Elderly Patients with Pulmonary Carcinoma. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019; 8:8/38/e00397-19. [PMID: 31537658 PMCID: PMC6753262 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00397-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, Veillonella tobetsuensis has been known as an oral anaerobe and a facilitator of early-stage oral biofilm development with streptococci. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 2 strains of V. tobetsuensis first isolated from intraoperative bronchial fluids of elderly patients with pulmonary carcinoma. To date, Veillonella tobetsuensis has been known as an oral anaerobe and a facilitator of early-stage oral biofilm development with streptococci. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 2 strains of V. tobetsuensis first isolated from intraoperative bronchial fluids of elderly patients with pulmonary carcinoma.
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Djais AA, Theodorea CF, Mashima I, Otomo M, Saitoh M, Nakazawa F. Identification and phylogenetic analysis of oral Veillonella species isolated from the saliva of Japanese children. F1000Res 2019; 8:616. [PMID: 31448103 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.18506.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As the most frequent infectious disease among children worldwide, dental caries have a strong relationship with oral hygiene status, specifically in the development of infection. However, the study regarding the identification and distribution of oral Veillonella are limited. The oral Veillonella community may affected by the differences in geographical location, age, diet, lifestyle, socio-economic status and oral hygiene status. Here, we studied the oral hygiene status by examining the composition and proportion of oral Veillonella species in saliva of Japanese children. Methods: Microbial samples collected from 15 Japanese children divided into three oral hygiene groups were cultured under anaerobic conditions after homogenization and dilution, and inoculated onto brain heart infusion and selective medium Veillonella agar. Genomic DNA was extracted from each isolate. Veillonella species were detected by one-step PCR using rpoB species-specific primers. To analyse the phylogenetic properties of the unknown Veillonella strains, PCR amplification and sequence analysis of rpoB were conducted for 10 representative strains. Results: Although V. rogosae was found as the predominant species among all groups, its prevalence was significantly lower in the children with poor oral hygiene than in those with good oral hygiene. V. parvula was the prevalent species in the poor oral hygiene group. Approximately 10% of the isolated Veillonella strains were not classified to any established species; the phylogenetic analysis showed that they were most closely related to V. infantium Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the composition and proportion of oral Veillonella species in the saliva of Japanese children is correlated with different oral hygiene status. Changes in detection ratios of V. parvula and V. rogosae can be useful indicators of oral hygiene status. Furthermore, new strains closely related to V. infantium were isolated from the saliva of Japanese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna A Djais
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Citra Fragrantia Theodorea
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.,Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Izumi Mashima
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya, 470-0915, Japan
| | - Maiko Otomo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Masato Saitoh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Futoshi Nakazawa
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
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Mashima I, Djais AA, Haase EM, Scannapieco FA, Otomo M, Saitoh M, Nakazawa F. Establishment of a species-specific primer pair for detecting Veillonella infantium based on the 70 kDa heat shock protein gene dnaK. Anaerobe 2018; 52:79-82. [PMID: 29902516 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, Veillonella infantium was isolated from tongue biofilm of a Thai child and established as a novel Veillonella species. In this study, a species-specific primer was designed to identify V. infantium on the basis of the sequence of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (dnaK) gene of Veillonella infantium JCM 31738T (= TSD-88T). The primer pair generated a specific PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) product specific for V. infantium, but not for other oral Veillonella species. This specific primer pair could detect dnaK even from 1 pg of genomic DNA extracted from the V. infantium type strain. To validate the primer pair, a number of strains of Veillonella species were isolated from tongue biofilm of 3 Japanese children, DNA was isolated from each strain, and PCR was performed using species-specific primers. All oral Veillonella species except V. infantium were identified by one-step PCR method reported previously. Four kinds of Veillonella species were detected in these subjects. V. rogosae was detected in all subjects and the most predominant species with an average prevalence of 82%. However, V. infantium was detected in 2 of 3 subjects and it was the second most predominant species of oral Veillonella detected in these subjects with an average prevalence of 9.4%. V. infantium appears to coexist with other oral Veillonella species in tongue biofilm. This species-specific primer pair established in this study could be useful to detect V. infantium and support the study of Veillonella for oral health in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Mashima
- Postdoctoral Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1, Kouji-machi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0083, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 3435 Main Street, Foster Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, 061-0293, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ariadna A Djais
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya No.4, Jakarta Pusat, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Elaine M Haase
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 3435 Main Street, Foster Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Frank A Scannapieco
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 3435 Main Street, Foster Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Maiko Otomo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Masato Saitoh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Futoshi Nakazawa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, 061-0293, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Draft Genome Sequences of Four Strains of Recently Established Novel Veillonella Species Isolated from Human Oral Cavities. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/15/e00259-18. [PMID: 29650576 PMCID: PMC5897798 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00259-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Veillonella species are known to contribute to the formation of early oral biofilms and tend to be prevalent in people with poor oral hygiene status. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 4 oral Veillonella strains that were established recently as novel species.
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Mashima I, Theodorea CF, Thaweboon B, Thaweboon S, Nakazawa F. Identification of Veillonella Species in the Tongue Biofilm by Using a Novel One-Step Polymerase Chain Reaction Method. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157516. [PMID: 27326455 PMCID: PMC4915624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Six Veillonella species have been frequently isolated from human oral cavities including infectious sites. Recently, it was reported that diet, smoking, and possibly socioeconomic status can influence the bacterial profile in oral cavities. In addition, oral hygiene habits may also influence oral microbiota in terms of both numbers and diversity of microorganisms. In this study, the identification of Veillonella species in tongue biofilms of Thai children, divided into three groups dependent on their status of oral hygiene. For this, we used a novel one-step PCR method with species-specific primer sets based on sequences of the rpoB gene. As shown in the results, the number of isolates of Veillonella species was 101 strains from only 10 of 89 subjects. However, the total number of bacteria was high for all subjects. Since it was reported in previous studies that Veillonella species were easy to isolate in human tongue biofilms at high numbers, the results obtained in this study may suggest country- or age-specific differences. Moreover, Veillonella species were detected predominantly in subjects who had poor oral hygiene compared to those with good or moderate oral hygiene. From these results, there is a possibility that Veillonella species may be an index of oral hygiene status. Furthermore, V. rogosae was a predominant species in tongue biofilms of Thai children, whereas V. parvula and V. denticariosi were not isolated at all. These characteristics of the distribution and frequency of Veillonella species are similar to those reported in previous studies. Although further studies are needed in other countries, in this study, a successful novel one-step PCR method was established to detect Veillonella species in human oral cavities easily and effectively. Furthermore, this is the first report investigating the distribution and frequency of Veillonella species in tongue biofilms of Thai children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Mashima
- Postdoctoral Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1, Kouji-machi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Citra Fragrantia Theodorea
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Boonyanit Thaweboon
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sroisiri Thaweboon
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Futoshi Nakazawa
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Draft Genome Sequence of Veillonella tobetsuensis ATCC BAA-2400T Isolated from Human Tongue Biofilm. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2015; 3:3/4/e00808-15. [PMID: 26294617 PMCID: PMC4543495 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00808-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Veillonella tobetsuensis ATCC-BAA 2400T. This bacterium has the remarkable ability to form oral biofilms. The genome is predicted to encode the necessary enzymes involved in the pathway that facilitates the conversion of lactate to propionate.
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The interaction between Streptococcus spp. and Veillonella tobetsuensis in the early stages of oral biofilm formation. J Bacteriol 2015; 197:2104-2111. [PMID: 25917902 DOI: 10.1128/jb.02512-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental plaque is a multispecies oral biofilm, the development of which is initiated by adherence of the pioneer Streptococcus spp. Oral Veillonella spp., including V. atypica, V. denticariosi, V. dispar, V. parvula, V. rogosae, and V. tobetsuensis, are known as early colonizers in oral biofilm formation. These species have been reported to co-aggregate with Streptococcus spp. in a metabolic cooperation-dependent manner to form biofilms in human oral cavities, especially in the early stages of biofilm formation. However, in our previous study, Streptococcus gordonii showed biofilm formation to the greatest extent in the presence of V. tobetsuensis, without co-aggregation between species. These results suggest that V. tobetsuensis produces signaling molecules that promote the proliferation of S. gordonii in biofilm formation. It is well known in many bacterial species that the quorum-sensing (QS) system regulates diverse functions such as biofilm formation. However, little is known about the QS system with autoinducers (AIs), between Veillonella and Streptococcus. Recently, AI-1 and AI-2 were detected and identified in the culture supernatants of V. tobetsuensis as strong signaling molecules in biofilm formation with S. gordonii. In particular, the supernatant from V. tobetsuensis showed the highest AI-2 activity among 6 oral Veillonella species, indicating that AIs, mainly AI-2, produced by V. tobetsuensis may be important factors and may facilitate biofilm formation of S. gordonii. Clarifying the mechanism that underlies the QS system between S. gordonii and V. tobetsuensis may lead to the development of novel methods for the prevention of oral infectious diseases caused by oral biofilms.
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Mashima I, Nakazawa F. The influence of oral Veillonella species on biofilms formed by Streptococcus species. Anaerobe 2014; 28:54-61. [PMID: 24862495 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oral Veillonella, Veillonella atypica, Veillonella denticariosi, Veillonella dispar, Veillonella parvula, Veillonella rogosae, and Veillonella tobetsuensis are known as early colonizers in oral biofilm formation. To investigate the role of oral Veillonella, biofilms formed by the co-culture of Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, or Streptococcus sanguinis, with oral Veillonella were examined at the species level. The amount of biofilm formed by S. mutans, S. gordonii, and S. salivarius in the presence of the six Veillonella species was greater than that formed in the control experiments, with the exception of S. mutans with V. dispar. In contrast, in the case of biofilm formation by S. sanguinis, the presence of Veillonella species reduced the amount of the biofilm, with the exception of V. parvula and V. dispar. The time-dependent changes in the amount of biofilm and the number of planktonic cells were grouped into four patterns over the 24 combinations. Only that of S. gordonii with V. tobetsuensis showed a unique pattern. These results indicate that the mode of action of this combination differed from that of the other combinations with respect to biofilm formation. It is possible that there may be several factors involved in the interaction between Streptococcus and Veillonella species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Mashima
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Futoshi Nakazawa
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan.
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Oral biosciences: The annual review 2013. J Oral Biosci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Vesth T, Ozen A, Andersen SC, Kaas RS, Lukjancenko O, Bohlin J, Nookaew I, Wassenaar TM, Ussery DW. Veillonella, Firmicutes: Microbes disguised as Gram negatives. Stand Genomic Sci 2013; 9:431-48. [PMID: 24976898 PMCID: PMC4062629 DOI: 10.4056/sigs.2981345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Firmicutes represent a major component of the intestinal microflora. The intestinal Firmicutes are a large, diverse group of organisms, many of which are poorly characterized due to their anaerobic growth requirements. Although most Firmicutes are Gram positive, members of the class Negativicutes, including the genus Veillonella, stain Gram negative. Veillonella are among the most abundant organisms of the oral and intestinal microflora of animals and humans, in spite of being strict anaerobes. In this work, the genomes of 24 Negativicutes, including eight Veillonella spp., are compared to 20 other Firmicutes genomes; a further 101 prokaryotic genomes were included, covering 26 phyla. Thus a total of 145 prokaryotic genomes were analyzed by various methods to investigate the apparent conflict of the Veillonella Gram stain and their taxonomic position within the Firmicutes. Comparison of the genome sequences confirms that the Negativicutes are distantly related to Clostridium spp., based on 16S rRNA, complete genomic DNA sequences, and a consensus tree based on conserved proteins. The genus Veillonella is relatively homogeneous: inter-genus pair-wise comparison identifies at least 1,350 shared proteins, although less than half of these are found in any given Clostridium genome. Only 27 proteins are found conserved in all analyzed prokaryote genomes. Veillonella has distinct metabolic properties, and significant similarities to genomes of Proteobacteria are not detected, with the exception of a shared LPS biosynthesis pathway. The clade within the class Negativicutes to which the genus Veillonella belongs exhibits unique properties, most of which are in common with Gram-positives and some with Gram negatives. They are only distantly related to Clostridia, but are even less closely related to Gram-negative species. Though the Negativicutes stain Gram-negative and possess two membranes, the genome and proteome analysis presented here confirm their place within the (mainly) Gram positive phylum of the Firmicutes. Further studies are required to unveil the evolutionary history of the Veillonella and other Negativicutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammi Vesth
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aslı Ozen
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark ; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark
| | - Sandra C Andersen
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rolf Sommer Kaas
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Oksana Lukjancenko
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jon Bohlin
- Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Intawat Nookaew
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Trudy M Wassenaar
- Molecular Microbiology and Genomics Consultants, Zotzenheim, Germany
| | - David W Ussery
- Comparative Genomics Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Mashima I, Nakazawa F. A review on the characterization of a novel oral Veillonella species, V. tobetsuensis, and its role in oral biofilm formation. J Oral Biosci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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