1
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Yang K, Wang Y. Dandelion root extracts and taraxasterol inhibit LPS‑induced colorectal cancer cell viability by blocking TLR4‑NFκB‑driven ACE2 and TMPRSS2 pathways. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:256. [PMID: 38766306 PMCID: PMC11099608 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Notably, abnormalities in intestinal bacteria may contribute to the initiation or progression of colorectal cancer. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial endotoxin, is elevated in patients with colorectal cancer. The present study investigated the protective effects of dandelion root extracts and taraxasterol (TS; a major pharmacologically active compound in dandelion root extracts) on LPS-induced colorectal cancer cell viability, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, and protein and gene expression levels were determined by western blotting and quantitative PCR. It was revealed that LPS at a low dose (0.5 µg/ml) significantly promoted the viability of human colorectal cancer cells but did not affect normal colon epithelial cells. The addition of dandelion root extracts (0.1-1 mg/ml) or TS (0.05-1 µg/ml) was able to reverse the LPS-induced increase in colorectal cancer cell viability and colony formation. Mechanistically, dandelion root extracts or TS may inhibit the LPS-promoted toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NFκB-p65 pathway and transcription levels of pro-inflammatory genes (TNFα, IL4 and IL6). Compared with normal colon epithelial cells, human colorectal cancer cells had higher expression levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), which could be further enhanced by LPS treatment but this was reversed by co-incubation with dandelion root extracts or TS. In addition, suppression of the TLR4/NFκB-p65 pathway with CLI095 significantly reversed the stimulatory effect of LPS on the expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, whereas TNFα (10 ng/ml) markedly induced the expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. In conclusion, the present study suggested that dandelion root extracts and TS could be used as prevention strategies for reversing bacteria-driven colorectal cancer cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Yang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Yuehong Wang
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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2
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Fujimori S, Hamakubo R, Hoshimoto A, Nishimoto T, Omori J, Akimoto N, Tanaka S, Tatsuguchi A, Iwakiri K. Risk factors for small intestinal adenocarcinomas that are common in the proximal small intestine. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5658-5665. [PMID: 36338888 PMCID: PMC9627424 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i39.5658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequency of primary small intestinal adenocarcinoma is increasing but is still low. Its frequency is approximately 3% of that of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Considering that the small intestine occupies 90% of the surface area of the gastrointestinal tract, small intestinal adenocarcinoma is very rare. The main site of small intestinal adenocarcinoma is the proximal small intestine. Based on this characteristic, dietary animal proteins/lipids and bile concentrations are implicated and reported to be involved in carcinogenesis. Since most nutrients are absorbed in the proximal small intestine, the effect of absorbable intestinal content is a suitable explanation for why small intestinal adenocarcinoma is more common in the proximal small intestine. The proportion of aerobic bacteria is high in the proximal small intestine, but the absolute number of bacteria is low. In addition, the length and density of villi are greater in the proximal small intestine. However, the involvement of villi is considered to be low because the number of small intestinal adenocarcinomas is much smaller than that of colorectal adenocarcinomas. On the other hand, the reason for the low incidence of small intestinal adenocarcinoma in the distal small intestine may be that immune organs reside there. Genetic and disease factors increase the likelihood of small intestinal adenocarcinoma. In carcinogenesis experiments in which the positions of the small and large intestines were exchanged, tumors still occurred in the large intestinal mucosa more often. In other words, the influence of the intestinal contents is small, and there is a large difference in epithelial properties between the small intestine and the large intestine. In conclusion, small intestinal adenocarcinoma is rare compared to large intestinal adenocarcinoma due to the nature of the epithelium. It is reasonable to assume that diet is a trigger for small intestinal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Fujimori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Chiba 270-1694, Japan
| | - Ryohei Hamakubo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Chiba 270-1694, Japan
| | - Aitoshi Hoshimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Jun Omori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Naohiko Akimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Shu Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tama-Nagayama Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 206-0025, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tatsuguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Iwakiri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
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3
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Walencik PK. The redox-active Cu-FomA complex: the mode that provides coordination of Cu II/Cu I ions during the reduction/oxidation cycle. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15515-15529. [PMID: 36165635 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02398a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed form of cancer worldwide. Recent studies have indicated a strong correlation between microbial imbalance and the development of CRC. An abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium, has been considered a biomarker of CRC progression. Several investigations have also proposed that binding copper ions to various bacterial proteins enhances the CuII + e- ⇄ CuI redox cycle, which consequently promotes uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and propels colorectal carcinogenesis. In this work, a multidisciplinary approach was applied to study the molecular relation of copper with the peptide models of FomA, a protein expressed by Fusobacterium nucleatum. The main goal was to investigate all the factors that tune the CuII + e- ⇄ CuI equilibrium. A linear peptide Fom1 (Ac-KGHGNGEEGTPTVHNE-NH2) and cyclic peptide Fom2 (cyclo-(KGHGNGEEGTPTVHNE)) were used as ligands. The coordination of CuI was deduced from the NMR data. The conditional dissociation constants KcondD defined the stability of CuI complexes. The electrochemical activity of CuII and CuI compounds was analysed using cyclic voltammetry. A quasi-reversible redox conversion CuII-peptide + e- ⇄ CuI-peptide was revealed for all studied systems. In the presence of ascorbic acid (HAsc), CuII complexes were immediately reduced to CuI species; however, their re-oxidation was kinetically sluggish. The HAsc-induced redox cycle provoked the metal-catalyzed oxidation (MCO) effect. That in the end prevented coordination of the re-appearing CuII ion to its initial binding site. The toxicity of the FomA-CuII/CuI complexes and their role in CRC progression were briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina K Walencik
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
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4
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Zeng Y, Cao R, Tao Z, Gao Y. Association between the severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and the risk of colorectal neoplasm: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:52. [PMID: 35668493 PMCID: PMC9172084 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) reportedly plays a part in the etiology of colorectal tumors. However, there is no consensus. Methods Studies relevant with the impact of MAFLD severity on the risk of colorectal neoplasms published before 24th April 2022 were screened. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was obtained using standard and cumulative meta-analyses. Subgroup, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were carried out to identify heterogeneity. Results Fourteen studies with data from 37,824 MAFLD patients were included. The prevalence of colorectal neoplasms escalated with the progression of MAFLD compared to simple steatosis (OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.42–2.62). The magnitude and direction of the effect on these outcomes remained largely constant over time. Even after limiting the meta-analysis to 8 studies with available adjusted OR (aOR), the findings still suggested that MAFLD severity was positively related to colorectal neoplasms (aOR = 3.03; 95% CI = 2.02–4.53). Severe MAFLD was more likely to cause left colon tumors (OR = 3.86, 95% CI = 2.16–6.91) than right colon neoplasms (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.15–3.28). Conclusion The severity of MAFLD was independently related to colorectal neoplasms and severe MAFLD was more likely to cause left colon tumors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-022-01659-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ruyue Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ziwen Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yanjing Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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5
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Ranasinghe R, Mathai M, Zulli A. A synopsis of modern - day colorectal cancer: Where we stand. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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6
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Park JM, Lee WH, Seo H, Oh JY, Lee DY, Kim SJ, Hahm KB. Fecal microbiota changes with fermented kimchi intake regulated either formation or advancement of colon adenoma. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021. [PMID: 33879965 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut bacteria might contribute in early stage of colorectal cancer through the development and advancement of colon adenoma, by which exploring either beneficial bacteria, which are decreased in formation or advancement of colon adenoma and harmful bacteria, which are increased in advancement of colon adenoma may result in implementation of dietary interventions or probiotic therapies to functional means for prevention. Korean fermented kimchi is one of representative probiotic food providing beneficiary microbiota and exerting significant inhibitory outcomes in both APC/Min+ polyposis model and colitis-associated cancer. Based on these backgrounds, we performed clinical trial to document the changes of fecal microbiota in 32 volunteers with normal colon, simple adenoma, and advanced colon adenoma with 10 weeks of fermented kimchi intake. Each amplicon is sequenced on MiSeq of Illumina and the sequence reads were clustered into Operational Taxonomic Units using VSEARCH and the Chao Indices, an estimator of richness of taxa per individual, were estimated to measure the diversity of each sample. Though significant difference in α or β diversity was not seen between three groups, kimchi intake significantly led to significant diversity of fecal microbiome. After genus analysis, Acinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Clostridium sensu, Turicibacter, Gastronaeophillales, H. pittma were proven to be increased in patients with advanced colon adenoma, whereas Enterococcua Roseburia, Coryobacteriaceau, Bifidobacterium spp., and Akkermansia were proven to be significantly decreased in feces from patients with advanced colon adenoma after kimchi intake. Conclusively, fermented kimchi plentiful of beneficiary microbiota can afford significant inhibition of either formation or advancement of colon adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Park
- College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University School of Oriental Medicine, Daehak-ro 62, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34520, Korea
| | | | | | - Ji Young Oh
- CJ Food Research Center, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16495, Korea
| | - Dong Yoon Lee
- CJ Food Research Center, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16495, Korea
| | - Seong Jin Kim
- CHA Cancer Preventive Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, 330 Pangyo-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13497, Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- CHA Cancer Preventive Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, 330 Pangyo-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13497, Korea.,Medpacto Research Institute, Medpacto Inc., 92, Myeongdal-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea
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7
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Verediano TA, Viana ML, das G.V. Tostes M, Costa NM. The Potential Prebiotic Effects of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) in Colorectal Cancer. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999200605160433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Colorectal cancer is caused by genetic predisposition and lifestyle risk factors
and is associated with altered homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota. Evidence suggests that
chronic infection and inflammation contribute to carcinogenic mutagenesis and promote cancer initiation
and progression. Food components with prebiotic properties, such as fructooligosaccharides
(FOS), promote intestinal integrity and health benefits. Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is an abundant
source of FOS, which are fermented by beneficial bacteria, improving the intestinal environment
affected by colorectal cancer.
Objective:
In the current review, the aim was to discuss colorectal cancer and its inflammatory process
of development. Also, some general aspects concerning yacon roots and its prebiotic properties
are described. Finely, the beneficial effects of yacon to reduce intestinal parameters altered due to
colorectal cancer are summarized.
Conclusion:
It was verified that yacon might improve immunological parameters, intestinal barrier,
intestinal microbiota, and inflammation in induced colorectal cancer in animals, especially. Researches
with humans must be further investigated to prove these positive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaísa A. Verediano
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre-ES, Brazil
| | - Mirelle L. Viana
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact Natural And Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre-ES, Brazil
| | - Maria das G.V. Tostes
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact Natural And Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre-ES, Brazil
| | - Neuza M.B. Costa
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact Natural And Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre-ES, Brazil
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8
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Park JM, Lee WH, Seo H, Oh JY, Lee DY, Kim SJ, Hahm KB. Fecal microbiota changes with fermented kimchi intake regulated either formation or advancement of colon adenoma. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 68:139-148. [PMID: 33879965 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut bacteria might contribute in early stage of colorectal cancer through the development and advancement of colon adenoma, by which exploring either beneficial bacteria, which are decreased in formation or advancement of colon adenoma and harmful bacteria, which are increased in advancement of colon adenoma may result in implementation of dietary interventions or probiotic therapies to functional means for prevention. Korean fermented kimchi is one of representative probiotic food providing beneficiary microbiota and exerting significant inhibitory outcomes in both APC/Min+ polyposis model and colitis-associated cancer. Based on these backgrounds, we performed clinical trial to document the changes of fecal microbiota in 32 volunteers with normal colon, simple adenoma, and advanced colon adenoma with 10 weeks of fermented kimchi intake. Each amplicon is sequenced on MiSeq of Illumina and the sequence reads were clustered into Operational Taxonomic Units using VSEARCH and the Chao Indices, an estimator of richness of taxa per individual, were estimated to measure the diversity of each sample. Though significant difference in α or β diversity was not seen between three groups, kimchi intake significantly led to significant diversity of fecal microbiome. After genus analysis, Acinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Clostridium sensu, Turicibacter, Gastronaeophillales, H. pittma were proven to be increased in patients with advanced colon adenoma, whereas Enterococcua Roseburia, Coryobacteriaceau, Bifidobacterium spp., and Akkermansia were proven to be significantly decreased in feces from patients with advanced colon adenoma after kimchi intake. Conclusively, fermented kimchi plentiful of beneficiary microbiota can afford significant inhibition of either formation or advancement of colon adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Park
- College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University School of Oriental Medicine, Daehak-ro 62, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34520, Korea
| | | | | | - Ji Young Oh
- CJ Food Research Center, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16495, Korea
| | - Dong Yoon Lee
- CJ Food Research Center, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16495, Korea
| | - Seong Jin Kim
- CHA Cancer Preventive Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, 330 Pangyo-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13497, Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- CHA Cancer Preventive Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, 330 Pangyo-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13497, Korea.,Medpacto Research Institute, Medpacto Inc., 92, Myeongdal-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea
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9
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The Impact of Polyphenol on General Nutrient Metabolism in the Monogastric Gastrointestinal Tract. J FOOD QUALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/5952834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are bioactive compounds occurring in plant foods, which are considered significant owing to their contribution to human health and the prevention of chronic diseases. Phenolic compounds mainly depend on plant food structure and the interaction with other food constituents, mostly proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. The interaction with the food matrices can obstruct or enhance nutrient accessibility and availability and even impair others. Food digestion is a complex process where ingested foods are converted to nutrients via mechanical and enzymatic alterations. The absorption of nutrients predominantly occurs in the small and large intestine, respectively. The metabolised product, however, is the main bioactive component due to their ability to enter the systemic circulation and reach the targeted organs. There is limited knowledge on the cellular uptake, phenolic metabolite, and polyphenolic effect in the gastrointestinal ecosystem. Therefore, improved understanding of the biological properties and stages of dietary phenols is essential for the effective utilization of their therapeutic potentials. This review will explore, summarise, and collate current information on how polyphenols influence nutrient metabolism, bioavailability, and the biotransformation stages.
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10
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The Role of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Colorectal Cancer Risk. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061379. [PMID: 32471257 PMCID: PMC7352496 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence risk and mortality. Vitamin D mediates its action through the binding of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and polymorphisms of the VDR might explain these inverse associations. The aim of the study was the investigation of the relevance of rs731236; Thermus aquaticus I (TaqI), rs7975232; Acetobacter pasteurianus sub. pasteurianus I (ApaI), rs2228570; Flavobacterium okeanokoites I (FokI) and rs1544410, Bacillus stearothermophilus I (BsmI) polymorphisms of the VDR gene to colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC) and progression. Peripheral blood was obtained from 397 patients with early operable stage II/III (n = 202) and stage IV (n = 195) CRC. Moreover, samples from 100 healthy donors and 40 patients with adenomatous polyps were also included as control groups. Genotyping in the samples from patients and controls was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP). A significant association was revealed between all four polymorphisms and cancer. Individuals with homozygous mutant (tt, aa, ff or bb) genotypes were more susceptible to the disease (p < 0.001). All of the mutant genotypes detected were also significantly associated with stage IV (p < 0.001), leading to significantly decreased survival (p < 0.001). Moreover, all four polymorphisms were significantly associated with KRAS (Kirsten ras oncogene) mutations and Toll-like receptor (TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9) genetic variants. In multivariate analysis, tt, aa and ff genotypes emerged as independent factors associated with decreased overall survival (OS) (p = 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). The detection of higher frequencies of the VDR polymorphisms in CRC patients highlights the role of these polymorphisms in cancer development and progression.
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11
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Dacheng W, Songhe L, Weidong J, Shutao Z, Jingjing L, Jiaming Z. RETRACTED: LncRNA SNHG3 promotes the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer by regulating miR-539/RUNX2 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:110039. [PMID: 32187965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Authors and Editor-in-Chief. The corresponding author notified the journal that “LncRNA SNHG3 did not affect colorectal cancer cell invasion, which was inconsistent with our published results”. As the results were unreliable the authors requested its retraction. The journal was also alerted to suspected image similarities within Figure 2D, that appear to be present in another publication, as detailed here: https://pubpeer.com/publications/7855CA1A494A20F55AAE1463D1B648. The journal requested the authors provide an explanation and source data relating to the affected figure. The Authors did not provide an explanation in response to these concerns. The Editor-in-Chief assessed this case and decided to retract the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Dacheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Li Songhe
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Jiang Weidong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Zhao Shutao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Liu Jingjing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Zhu Jiaming
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130041, China
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12
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El Bairi K, Jabi R, Trapani D, Boutallaka H, Ouled Amar Bencheikh B, Bouziane M, Amrani M, Afqir S, Maleb A. Can the microbiota predict response to systemic cancer therapy, surgical outcomes, and survival? The answer is in the gut. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:403-421. [PMID: 32308061 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1758063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The gut microbiota seems to play a key role in tumorigenesis, across various hallmarks of cancer. Recent evidence suggests its potential use as a biomarker predicting drug response and adding prognostic information, generally in the context of immuno-oncology. AREAS COVERED In this review, we focus on the modulating effects of gut microbiota dysbiosis on various anticancer molecules used in practice, including cytotoxic and immune-modulating agents, primarily immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Pubmed/Medline-based literature search was conducted to find potential original studies that discuss gut microbiota as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for cancer therapy. We also looked at the US ClinicalTrials.gov website to find additional studies particularly ongoing human clinical trials. EXPERT COMMENTARY Sequencing of stool-derived materials and tissue samples from cancer patients and animal models has shown a significant enrichment of various bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis were associated with resistant disease and poorer outcomes. Gut microbiota was also found to be associated with surgical outcomes and seems to play a significant role in anastomotic leak (ATL) after surgery mainly by collagen breakdown. However, this research field is just at the beginning and the current findings are not yet ready to change clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid El Bairi
- Cancer Biomarkers Working Group, Mohamed Ist University , Oujda, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed Ist University , Oujda, Morocco
| | - Rachid Jabi
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed Ist University , Oujda, Morocco
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Mohamed VI University Hospital , Oujda, Morocco
| | - Dario Trapani
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, IEO, IRCCS, University of Milano , Milan, Italy
| | - Hanae Boutallaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Mohamed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Mohamed V University , Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Mohammed Bouziane
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed Ist University , Oujda, Morocco
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Mohamed VI University Hospital , Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mariam Amrani
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University , Rabat, Morocco
| | - Said Afqir
- Cancer Biomarkers Working Group, Mohamed Ist University , Oujda, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed Ist University , Oujda, Morocco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohamed VI University Hospital , Oujda, Morocco
| | - Adil Maleb
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed Ist University , Oujda, Morocco
- Department of Microbiology, Mohamed VI University Hospital , Oujda, Morocco
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13
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Wiciński M, Gębalski J, Mazurek E, Podhorecka M, Śniegocki M, Szychta P, Sawicka E, Malinowski B. The Influence of Polyphenol Compounds on Human Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiota. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020350. [PMID: 32013109 PMCID: PMC7071305 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols form a diverse group of compounds containing at least two hydroxyl groups in their chemical structure. Because of the common presence in plant kingdom, polyphenols are considered a significant component of food and an important group of compounds with antioxidant properties. The absorption of polyphenols present in food depends mostly on the activity of intestinal microflora. However, little is known about the processes and interactions responsible for such phenomenon in guts ecosystem. There are only few available publications that examine the effect on polyphenols on intestinal microbiota. Therefore, this work will focus on describing the relationship between polyphenol compounds present in food and bacteria colonizing the intestines, their mechanism, and impact on human’s health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Wiciński
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Jakub Gębalski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewelina Mazurek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Marta Podhorecka
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Maciej Śniegocki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurotraumatology and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Paweł Szychta
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Sawicka
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Bartosz Malinowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
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14
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Liang S, Mao Y, Liao M, Xu Y, Chen Y, Huang X, Wei C, Wu C, Wang Q, Pan X, Tang W. Gut microbiome associated with APC gene mutation in patients with intestinal adenomatous polyps. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:135-146. [PMID: 31892851 PMCID: PMC6930378 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.37399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The 'adenoma-carcinoma sequence' is a well-recognized model of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, the interaction between gut microbiota and genetic variation in the initiation of CRC is not clear. Our study attempts to demonstrate the relationship between gut microbiota and host genetics in patients with intestinal adenomatous polyps. Method: The entire exon region of the APC gene was sequenced in 35 patients with pathologically diagnosed adenomatous polyps. Patients with highly pathogenic APC mutation were classified as the case group, while the others were classified as the control group. The patients'stool and serum samples were respectively collected for metagenomics and metabolomics measurements. Results: In the analysis of gut microbiome, there were three most important species, in which Fusobacterium_mortiferum was significantly increased while Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii and Bifidobacterium_pseudocatenulatum were significantly decreased in the case group. The significantly low abundance of the Photosynthesis pathway in patients with APC mutation was due to the low abundance of species Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii and Bifidobacterium_pseudocatenulatum. Moreover, there were two clusters of KEGG pathways correlated with two clusters of species characterized by Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii and Fusobacterium_mortiferum. As to serum metabolomics, the abundance of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyric acid and 2-Hydroxyphenethylamine were significantly higher in patients with APC mutation, while the abundance of 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid,7-Ketocholesterol, DL-lactate, and L-Pyroglutamic acid were significantly higher in controlgroup. After analyzing the metabolome and microbiome data by sparCCmethod, we found that there was a significantly negative correlation between the abundance of Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii and Fusobacterium_mortiferum, and a significantly positive correlation between Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii abundance and the steroid hormone Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) in serum. Conclusions: Host's APC mutation was closely related to the changes of gut microbiota and serum metabolites, and some species of gut microbiome like Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii and Fusobacterium_mortiferum might have the potential to predict the development of CRC from intestinal adenomatous polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Liang
- Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yan Mao
- Oncology Department, Nanning Second People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530031, China
| | - Ming Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Department of Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yansong Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yingchun Chen
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoliang Huang
- Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Chuangyi Wei
- Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Changtao Wu
- Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Weizhong Tang
- Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
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15
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Dai Z, Zhang J, Wu Q, Chen J, Liu J, Wang L, Chen C, Xu J, Zhang H, Shi C, Li Z, Fang H, Lin C, Tang D, Wang D. The role of microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:2032-2041. [PMID: 30474116 PMCID: PMC6899977 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third largest cancer in worldwide and has been proven to be closely related to the intestinal microbiota. Many reports and clinical studies have shown that intestinal microbial behavior may lead to pathological changes in the host intestines. The changes can be divided into epigenetic changes and carcinogenic changes at the gene level, which ultimately promote the production and development of colorectal cancer. This article reviews the pathways of microbial signaling in the intestinal epithelial barrier, the role of microbiota in inflammatory colorectal tumors, and typical microbial carcinogenesis. Finally, by gaining a deeper understanding of the intestinal microbiota, we hope to achieve the goal of treating colorectal cancer using current microbiota technologies, such as fecal microbiological transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujiang Dai
- Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Jingqiu Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryInstitute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's HospitalYangzhouChina
| | - Qi Wu
- Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's HospitalYangzhouChina
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's HospitalYangzhouChina
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's HospitalYangzhouChina
| | - Chaowu Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's HospitalYangzhouChina
| | - Jiaming Xu
- Department of General SurgeryInstitute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's HospitalYangzhouChina
| | - Hongpeng Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryInstitute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's HospitalYangzhouChina
| | - Chunfeng Shi
- Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Zhen Li
- Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Huiwen Fang
- Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Chaobiao Lin
- Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General SurgeryInstitute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's HospitalYangzhouChina
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General SurgeryInstitute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's HospitalYangzhouChina
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16
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Baritaki S, de Bree E, Chatzaki E, Pothoulakis C. Chronic Stress, Inflammation, and Colon Cancer: A CRH System-Driven Molecular Crosstalk. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1669. [PMID: 31614860 PMCID: PMC6833069 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is thought to be involved in the occurrence and progression of multiple diseases, via mechanisms that still remain largely unknown. Interestingly, key regulators of the stress response, such as members of the corticotropin-releasing-hormone (CRH) family of neuropeptides and receptors, are now known to be implicated in the regulation of chronic inflammation, one of the predisposing factors for oncogenesis and disease progression. However, an interrelationship between stress, inflammation, and malignancy, at least at the molecular level, still remains unclear. Here, we attempt to summarize the current knowledge that supports the inseparable link between chronic stress, inflammation, and colorectal cancer (CRC), by modulation of a cascade of molecular signaling pathways, which are under the regulation of CRH-family members expressed in the brain and periphery. The understanding of the molecular basis of the link among these processes may provide a step forward towards personalized medicine in terms of CRC diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Baritaki
- Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71500 Crete, Greece.
| | - Eelco de Bree
- Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71500 Crete, Greece.
| | - Ekaterini Chatzaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- IBD Center, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 10833, USA.
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17
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Li S, Zhu L, Cheng X, Wang Q, Feng J, Zhou J. The significance of CO 2 combining power in predicting prognosis of patients with stage II and III colorectal cancer. Biomark Med 2019; 13:1071-1080. [PMID: 31497992 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was to evaluate whether CO2CP level in venous blood could predict prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials & methods: A retrospective cohort of 238 patients with CRC who received surgical resection and 176 CRC Stage IV patients were included. A total of 114 healthy people were recruited as control. CO2CP levels were obtained from medical records. Survival analysis was performed to evaluate CO2CP predictive potential. The patients were divided into CO2CP high or low group based on CO2CP optimal cut-off values. Conclusion: The decreased CO2CP in CRC patients was associated with advanced clinical stage, and suggested that decreased CO2CP may predict the worse outcomes of disease-free survival in II/III stage CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, No.42, Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Liangjun Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, No.42, Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xianfeng Cheng
- Clinic laboratory of Institute of Dermatology & Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.12, Jiangwangmiao Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Qianyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Suqian First Hospital, No. 120, Suzhi Road, Sucheng District, Suqian 223899, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, No.42, Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning Distric, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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18
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Beltrán L, González-Trejo S, Carmona-Herrera DD, Carrillo JF, Herrera-Goepfert R, Aiello-Crocifoglio V, Gallardo-Rincón D, Meléndez-Ponce NA, Ochoa-Carrillo FJ, Oñate-Ocaña LF. Prognostic Factors and Differences in Survival of Right and Left Colon Carcinoma: A STROBE Compliant Retrospective Cohort Study. Arch Med Res 2019; 50:63-70. [PMID: 31349955 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Right-colon cancer (RCC) presents differences with Left-colon cancer (LCC) in terms of Overall survival (OS), but certain reports provide conflicting findings. Our objective is to define differences regarding prognostic factors in RCC and LCC by multivariate analysis. METHODS Retrospective cohort including patients treated from 1992-2016. The Kaplan-Meier and Cox models were used to define prognostic factors. RESULTS 871 patients had RCC and 748 LCC; mean age was 58.1. Location was associated with socioeconomic status, body mass, blood hemoglobin, serum albumin, lymphocyte count and Prognostic nutritional index (PNI). Distribution of TNM stages was similar between groups, as well as gender, age, surgical morbidity/mortality; 72.3% of RCC and 83.2% of LCC were well/moderately differentiated (p <0.0001). Mean surgical lymph-node retrieval was 19.3 (SD14.6) for RCC and 15.7 (SD13.1) for LCC (p <0.0001). Median OS was 5.2 (95% CI 3.9-6.5) for RCC, and 3.2 years (95% CI 2.1-4.4) for LCC (p = 0.426). OS was different between RCC and LCC by stratified analyses within PNI, TNM, differentiation and R classification. RCC presents different OS in stages IIIC, and IVB than LCC. CONCLUSION Differences between RCC and LCC were mainly by immunonutritional variables. Differences in OS were found after stratified analysis of PNI, TNM stages, differentiation degree, and R classification. Location of the neoplasm in the colon should be considered in the design of clinical trials in patients with colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonora Beltrán
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | - José F Carrillo
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Ciudad de México, México
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19
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Zhang X, Feng Y, Liu X, Ma J, Li Y, Wang T, Li X. Beyond a chemopreventive reagent, aspirin is a master regulator of the hallmarks of cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1387-1403. [PMID: 31037399 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aspirin, one of the most commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NAIDS), not only shows cancer chemoprevention effects but also improves cancer therapeutic effects when combined with other therapies. Studies that focus on aspirin regulation of the hallmarks of cancer and the associated molecular mechanisms facilitate a more thorough understanding of aspirin in mediating chemoprevention and may supply additional information for the development of novel cancer therapeutic agents. METHODS The relevant literatures from PubMed have been reviewed in this article. RESULTS Current studies have revealed that aspirin regulates almost all the hallmarks of cancer. Within tumor tissue, aspirin suppresses the bioactivities of cancer cells themselves and deteriorates the tumor microenvironment that supports cancer progression. In addition to tumor tissues, blocking of platelet activation also contributes to the ability of aspirin to inhibit cancer progression. In terms of the molecular mechanism, aspirin targets oncogenes and cancer-related signaling pathways and activates certain tumor suppressors. CONCLUSION Beyond a chemopreventive agent, aspirin is a master regulator of the hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yukuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province for Cancer Prevention and Control, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Center of Cardiovascular Disease, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jianhui Ma
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Tianzhen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
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20
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Rubio CA, Schmidt PT. Disparate cell proliferation and p53 overexpression in colonic crypts with normal epithelial lining found below the neoplastic canopy of conventional adenomas. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019; 5:154-163. [PMID: 30821124 PMCID: PMC6648389 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We previously found colonic crypts with normal epithelial lining but with corrupted shapes (NECS) beneath the adenomatous tissue of conventional adenomas (CoAs). Here we assessed the distribution of proliferating cells (PCs) and explored the possible occurrence of p53‐upregulated cells in the NECS in a cohort of CoAs. Sections from 70 CoAs and from 12 normal colon segments were immunostained with the proliferation marker Ki67. In 60 of the 70 CoAs, additional sections were immunostained for the tumor suppressor p53 protein. NECS with asymmetric, haphazardly distributed single PC or PC clusters were recorded in 80% of the CoAs, with a continuous PC domain in one or both slopes of the crypts in 17%, and with haphazardly distributed single PCs in the remaining 3% of the CoAs. In the 12 normal segments (controls), the colon crypts demonstrated normal shapes with symmetric PC domains limited to the lower third portion of the crypts. In 30% of the 60 CoAs immunostained with p53 the NECS revealed haphazardly distributed p53‐upregulated cells, singly or in clusters. In sum, the apparently normal epithelium of the NECS beneath the adenomatous tissue of CoAs revealed an unprecedented relocation of the normal PC domains. This unexpected event and the occurrence of p53‐upregulated cells strongly suggest that the crypts beneath the neoplastic tissue of CoAs harbor somatic mutations. The accretion of putative mutated NECS beneath the neoplastic canopy of CoA emerges as a previously unaddressed major event, an event that might play an important role in the histogenesis of CoA in the human colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Rubio
- Department of Pathology, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter T Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Centre for Digestive Diseases, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Wang XQ, Zhang AH, Miao JH, Sun H, Yan GL, Wu FF, Wang XJ. Gut microbiota as important modulator of metabolism in health and disease. RSC Adv 2018; 8:42380-42389. [PMID: 35558413 PMCID: PMC9092240 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract colonizes a large number of microbial microflora, forms a host-microbiota co-metabolism structure with the host to participate in various metabolic processes in the human body, and plays a major role in the host immune response. In addition, the dysbiosis of intestinal microbial homeostasis is closely related to many diseases. Thus, an in-depth understanding of the relationship between them is of importance for disease pathogenesis, prevention and treatment. The combined use of metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics techniques for the analysis of gut microbiota can reveal the relationship between microbiota and the host in many ways, which has become a hot topic of analysis in recent years. This review describes the mechanism of co-metabolites in host health, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acid metabolism. The metabolic role of gut microbiota in obesity, liver diseases, gastrointestinal diseases and other diseases is also summarized, and the research methods for multi-omics combined application on gut microbiota are summarized. According to the studies of the interaction mechanism between gut microbiota and the host, we have a better understanding of the use of intestinal microflora in the treatment of related diseases. It is hoped that the gut microbiota can be utilized to maintain human health, providing a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qian Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant Nanning Guangxi China +86-451-82110818 +86-451-82110818
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
| | - Jian-Hua Miao
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant Nanning Guangxi China +86-451-82110818 +86-451-82110818
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
| | - Guang-Li Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
| | - Fang-Fang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant Nanning Guangxi China +86-451-82110818 +86-451-82110818
| | - Xi-Jun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant Nanning Guangxi China +86-451-82110818 +86-451-82110818
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
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22
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Han B, Feng D, Yu X, Liu Y, Yang M, Luo F, Zhou L, Liu F. MicroRNA-144 mediates chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer progression via regulating C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1935-1943. [PMID: 30186421 PMCID: PMC6122338 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of microRNA-144 (miR-144) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11) in CRC and their association. Data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) DataSets were analyzed to obtain the expression profile of CXCL11 in CRC. Subsequently, serum samples were collected from 65 subjects, including 39 patients with CRC and 26 controls; CRC and adjacent normal tissues were collected from all 39 CRC patients and the expression of CXCL11 was measured in these specimens. After searching for the potential regulator of CXCL11 through bioinformatics analysis, the levels of miR-144 in the clinical specimens were also detected. Finally, the regulatory association between miR-144 and CXCL11 was certified via the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Microarray data and bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that CXCL11 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and miR-144 was a potential regulator of CXCL11. In line with this finding, the expression of CXCL11 was significantly increased in the serum and tumor samples of patients with CRC, while that of miR-144 was downregulated. Dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-144 directly targets the 3′-untranslated region of CXCL11 mRNA to regulate its expression. These results demonstrated that enhanced CXCL11 expression in patients with CRC was associated with reduced miR-144 expression. The results of the present study may indicate a novel regulatory role of miR-144 in CRC through CXCL11 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Dan Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- Health Service Center of Southeast Community, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Liming Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
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