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Kumaresan M, Agarwal R H, Fysel AM, Jayagandan S, Biswas R, Sundaramurthi S. Slackia exigua, an emerging anaerobic pathogen - isolation from a case of polymicrobial peritonitis and review of literature. IDCases 2024; 37:e02008. [PMID: 39040875 PMCID: PMC11260580 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are surgical emergencies ranging from appendicitis to peritonitis and intrahepatic infections. Anaerobic bacteria including Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp. cause 30-50 % of these infections. Slackia exigua (S.exigua) is an obligate anaerobe part of the human oral microbiota and has been associated with periodontal problems. In this report, we describe a rare occurrence of polymicrobial infection with four anaerobes including S. exigua in a patient with peritonitis caused by a hidden ileal perforation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Kumaresan
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Harshita Agarwal R
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Afzal Muhammed Fysel
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Sangitha Jayagandan
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Rakhi Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Sudharsanan Sundaramurthi
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry 605006, India
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Arponen H, Vakkilainen S, Tomnikov N, Kallonen T, Silling S, Mäkitie O, Rautava J. Altered oral microbiome, but normal human papilloma virus prevalence in cartilage-hair hypoplasia patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:169. [PMID: 38637854 PMCID: PMC11027548 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH) is a rare syndromic immunodeficiency with metaphyseal chondrodysplasia and increased risk of malignancy. In this cross-sectional observational study, we examined HPV status and oral microbiome in individuals with CHH. Oral brush samples were collected from 20 individuals with CHH (aged 5-59 years) and 41 controls (1-69 years). Alpha HPVs (43 types) were tested by nested PCR followed by bead-based probe hybridization. Separately, beta-, gamma-, mu- and nu- HPV types were investigated, and a genome-based bacterial microbiome sequencing was performed. RESULTS We found a similar alpha HPV prevalence in individuals with CHH (45%) and controls (36%). The HPV types of individuals with CHH were HPV-16 (25%), 27, 28, and 78, and of controls HPV-3, 16 (21%), 27, and 61. Beta HPV positivity and combined beta/gamma/mu/nu prevalence was detected in 11% and 11% of individuals with CHH and in 5% and 3% of the controls, respectively. Individuals with CHH differed from the controls in bacterial microbiota diversity, richness, and in microbial composition. Individuals with CHH had lower abundance of species Mitsuokella sp000469545, Parascardovia denticolens, Propionibacterium acidifaciens, UMGS1907 sp004151455, Salinicola halophilus, Haemophilus_A paraphrohaemolyticus, Fusobacterium massiliense, and Veillonella parvula, and higher abundance of Slackia exigua. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with CHH exhibit similar prevalence of HPV DNA but different bacterial microbiota on their oral mucosa compared to healthy controls. This may partly explain the previously observed high prevalence of oral diseases in CHH, and regular oral examination is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Arponen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 1, Helsinki, Finland.
- Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Western Uusimaa Wellbeing Services County, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Svetlana Vakkilainen
- Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalie Tomnikov
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Kallonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Steffi Silling
- National Reference Centre for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jaana Rautava
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 1, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB Diagnostics, Helsinki, Finland
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A case of bacteremia caused by Slackia exigua in a patient with liver abscess,which caused by fish puncture through the stomach wall. Anaerobe 2022; 78:102649. [PMID: 36152799 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of hepatic abscess caused by a fish puncture through the gastric wall and the development of Slackia exigua infection.
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Yuan C, Jin X, He Y, Liu Y, Xiang L, Wang K. Association of dietary patterns with gut microbiota in kidney stone and non-kidney stone individuals. Urolithiasis 2022; 50:389-399. [PMID: 35460343 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-022-01325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The dietary patterns are closely associated with gut microbiota, which has been proved associated with kidney stones. To assess the association among the dietary patterns, gut microbiota, and kidney stones, patients with calcium oxalate stones and participants without kidney stones were recruited in West China Hospital and were divided into the low nephrolithiasis risk (LNR) and high nephrolithiasis risk (HNR) dietary pattern group based on the results of food frequency questionnaires. The genomic DNA of the fecal samples were extracted for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The non-kidney stone (NS) group comprised 39 LNR and 45 HNR individuals, while the kidney stone (KS) group consisted of 19 LNR and 50 HNR individuals. The distribution of oxalate in urine (p < 0.01) but not calcium (p = 0.741) was significantly varied among the four groups. Significant difference was found in the dietary patterns of people with KS and NS controls (X2 = 5.744, p = 0.017). Forty-six discriminative bacteria were found among different dietary patterns groups in KS patients and NS controls. Not only gut bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, Faecalitalea, etc., but also metabolic pathways associated with inflammation, lipid, and mineral metabolism were found more abundant in KS patients with HNR dietary pattern. It is noteworthy that g__Prevotellaceae_UCG_001, g__hgcI_clade, and g__Bradyrhizobium were negatively related to water intake but instead had a positive correlation with salt and meat intake. Our study revealed that gut microbiota with significantly different abundance existed in the HNR dietary patterns compared to the LNR counterparts in both calcium oxalate KS and NS individuals. The dietary patterns may affect the prevention and management of calcium oxalate stones by regulating the homeostasis of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Yuan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yushi He
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Liyuan Xiang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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A case of Slackia exigua bacteremia associated with pyometra in a patient with poor dentition. Anaerobe 2021; 73:102477. [PMID: 34780915 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We report the first case of Slackia exigua bacteremia related to pyometra. Slackia exigua is an anaerobe that is usually found in the oral cavity and periodontal infections. After two months of treatment with antimicrobial agents, the patient recovered from infection.
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Ponraj D, Falstie-Jensen T, Jørgensen N, Ravn C, Brüggemann H, Lange J. Diagnosis of orthopaedic-implant-associated infections caused by slow-growing Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria - a clinical perspective. J Bone Jt Infect 2021; 6:367-378. [PMID: 34660180 PMCID: PMC8515996 DOI: 10.5194/jbji-6-367-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Slow-growing Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria (SGAB) such as Cutibacterium acnes are increasingly recognized as causative agents of implant-associated infections (IAIs) in orthopaedic surgeries. SGAB IAIs are difficult to diagnose because of their non-specific clinical and laboratory findings as well as the fastidious growth conditions required by these bacteria. A high degree of clinical suspicion and awareness of the various available diagnostic methods is therefore important. This review gives an overview of the current knowledge regarding SGAB IAI, providing details about clinical features and available diagnostic methodologies. In recent years, new methods for the diagnosis of IAI were developed, but there is limited knowledge about their usefulness in SGAB IAI. Further studies are required to determine the ideal diagnostic methodology to identify these infections so that they are not overlooked and mistakenly classified as aseptic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Falstie-Jensen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| | | | - Christen Ravn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding,
6000, Denmark
| | | | - Jeppe Lange
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000,
Denmark
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Horsens Regional Hospital,
Horsens, 8700, Denmark
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Liu YK, Chen V, He JZ, Zheng X, Xu X, Zhou XD. A salivary microbiome-based auxiliary diagnostic model for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 126:105118. [PMID: 33930650 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have shown that oral microbiota composition is altered in type 2 diabetes mellitus, implying that it is a potential biomarker for diabetes. This study aimed at constructing a noninvasive auxiliary diagnostic model for diabetes based on differences in the salivary microbial community. DESIGN Salivary microbiota from 24 treatment-naive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 21 healthy populations were detected through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, targeting the V3/V4 region using the MiSeq platform. Salivary microbiome diversity and composition were analyzed so as to establish a diagnostic model for type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Salivary microbiome for treatment-naive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was imbalanced with certain taxa, including Slackia, Mitsuokella, Abiotrophia, and Parascardovia that being significantly dominant, while the abundance of Moraxella was high in healthy controls. Diabetic patients exhibited varying levels of Prevotella nanceiensis and Prevotella melaninogenica which were negatively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels, as well as fasting blood glucose levels, respectively. Based on differences in salivary microbiome composition between diabetic and healthy groups, we developed a diagnostic model that can be used for the auxiliary diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus with an accuracy of 80 %. CONCLUSIONS These findings elucidate on the differences in salivary microbiome compositions between type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic populations, and the diagnostic model provides a promising approach for the noninvasive auxiliary diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Kun Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan, China
| | - Vivian Chen
- UCSF School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jin-Zhi He
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Dong Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan, China.
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Brzezinski A, Mennona S, Imbergamo C, Brzezinska K, Kayiaros S. A Rare Case of Periprosthetic Joint Infection Caused by a Periodontal Pathogen, Slackia exigua: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2021; 11:01709767-202103000-00029. [PMID: 33957639 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.20.00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CASE A 72-year-old woman with a history of right total hip arthroplasty and subsequent revision 18 years ago developed right hip periprosthetic joint infection with significant bone destruction caused by Slackia exigua. She underwent a dental cavity filling without prophylactic antibiotics before presentation that may have contributed to development of the infection. The patient required total hip revision and prolonged antibiotic therapy to eradicate the bacteria. CONCLUSION This case is an example that certain high-risk patients undergoing invasive dental procedures are at risk of developing prosthetic joint infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Brzezinski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Steven Mennona
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Casey Imbergamo
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Katarzyna Brzezinska
- Department of Pathology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Stephen Kayiaros
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- University Orthopaedic Associates, Somerset, New Jersey
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Danilkowicz RM, Lachiewicz AM, Lorenzana DJ, Barton KD, Lachiewicz PF. Prosthetic Joint Infection After Dental Work: Is the Correct Prophylaxis Being Prescribed? A Systematic Review. Arthroplast Today 2021; 7:69-75. [PMID: 33521200 PMCID: PMC7818599 DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) of total hip (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after dental procedures is uncommon, and antibiotic prophylaxis remains controversial. For high-risk patients, the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons recommends amoxicillin prophylaxis. However, no systematic review of the literature of PJIs associated with dental procedures explores if amoxicillin is suitable for the reported organisms. Methods A librarian-assisted search of the major databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus) identified 954 articles. Only case reports, case series, and reviews with patient level data were included. After exclusions, 79 articles were fully reviewed. Results Forty-four PJIs after dental procedures were identified, 22 in primary THA, 20 in primary TKA, one in revision THA, and one in a hip resurfacing procedure. Antibiotic prophylaxis was documented for 5 patients. The dental procedure was invasive in 35 (79.5%). Comorbidities were present in 17 patients (38.7%). The organisms reported were Streptococcus spp. in 44%, other aerobic gram-positives in 27%, anaerobic gram-positives in 18%, and gram-negative organisms in 11%. An estimated 46% of organisms may be resistant to amoxicillin. The outcomes of treatment were reported for 35 patients (79.5%). Twenty-seven patients (61.4%) had no clinical signs of PJI at the final follow-up visit. Conclusions Lower extremity PJI associated with dental procedures is often caused by organisms unlikely to be prevented with amoxicillin. Additional studies are warranted to determine the choice and efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent dental-associated PJI in the highest risk patients. Insufficient data exist to recommend the optimal treatment for patients with PJI in THA and TKA associated with dental procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne M Lachiewicz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Karen D Barton
- Duke University Medical Center Library & Archives, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Paul F Lachiewicz
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Durham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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GAJDÁCS MÁRIÓ, URBÁN EDIT. Relevance of anaerobic bacteremia in adult patients: A never-ending story? Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2020; 10:64-75. [PMID: 32590337 PMCID: PMC7391379 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2020.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obligate anaerobic bacteria are considered important constituents of the microbiota of humans; in addition, they are also important etiological agents in some focal or invasive infections and bacteremia with a high level of mortality. Conflicting data have accumulated over the last decades regarding the extent in which these pathogens play an intrinsic role in bloodstream infections. Clinical characteristics of anaerobic bloodstream infections do not differ from bacteremia caused by other pathogens, but due to their longer generation time and rigorous growth requirements, it usually takes longer to establish the etiological diagnosis. The introduction of matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has represented a technological revolution in microbiological diagnostics, which has allowed for the fast, accurate and reliable identification of anaerobic bacteria at a low sample cost. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the currently available literature data on the prevalence of anaerobic bacteremia in adults for physicians and clinical microbiologists and to shed some light on the complexity of this topic nowadays.
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Affiliation(s)
- MÁRIÓ GAJDÁCS
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6., Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - EDIT URBÁN
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10., Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., Pécs, 7624, Hungary
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Rieber H, Frontzek A, Alefeld M, Heinrich S, Barden B, Jerosch J, Breil-Wirth A, Schmitt H, Ulatowski M, Götz S, Mullahi A, Fischer M, Weber R, Pfander D, Sakkal A, Kukuk P, Bell A. Sonicate fluid inoculated into blood culture bottles does not improve diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection caused by anaerobes. A retrospective analysis. Anaerobe 2020; 62:102152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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12
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Kawasuji H, Kaya H, Kawamura T, Ueno A, Miyajima Y, Tsuda T, Taniguchi H, Nakamura M, Wada A, Sakamaki I, Niimi H, Yamamoto Y. Bacteremia caused by Slackia exigua: A report of two cases and literature review. J Infect Chemother 2019; 26:119-123. [PMID: 31300378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Slackia exigua is an obligate anaerobic coccobacillus associated with dental infection, but rarely causes extraoral infection. We report two cases of monomicrobial bacteremia caused by S. exigua isolated from two institutions. The first case involved community-acquired bacteremia associated with pleural empyema in a 69-year-old man. The second case involved hospital-acquired bacteremia secondary to postoperative intra-abdominal abscess in a 73-year-old man with primary intestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. S. exigua was finally identified by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing analyses in both cases. In the first case, our attempts to identify the organism using commercial identification kits for anaerobes resulted in inaccurate identification as Gemella morbillorum. However, S. exigua was promptly identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry in the second case. The epidemiology and clinical characteristics of S. exigua extraoral infection remain unclear because of the limitations in accurate identification and because only 19 cases of extraoral S. exigua infection have been reported previously, including four cases of bacteremia. Physicians should focus on this species, which can cause community-acquired infections and spread via various routes even in patients with no comorbidities. Further studies are needed to clarify the clinical characteristics of extraoral S. exigua infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Kawasuji
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Toyama University Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kaya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-2-78 Nishi-nagae, Toyama 930-8550, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kawamura
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Toyama University Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Ueno
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Toyama University Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyajima
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Toyama University Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-2-78 Nishi-nagae, Toyama 930-8550, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-2-78 Nishi-nagae, Toyama 930-8550, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nakamura
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Laboratory, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-2-78 Nishi-nagae, Toyama 930-8550, Japan
| | - Akinori Wada
- Department of Hematology, Toyama University Hospital, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ippei Sakamaki
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Toyama University Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hideki Niimi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Molecular Pathology, Toyama University Hospital, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Toyama University Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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