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Wang SH, Zuo YG. Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin in Cutaneous Immune-Mediated Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:698522. [PMID: 34249003 PMCID: PMC8264505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.698522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was initially demonstrated to be critical in regulating inflammatory responses among various allergic disorders (such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and asthma). Although two isoforms (short form and long form) of TSLP have been demonstrated in human tissues, the long form of TSLP (lfTSLP) is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of allergies and cutaneous immune-mediated diseases. The immunomodulatory activity of lfTSLP varies widely, driving T helper (Th) cells polarizing Th2 and Th17 immune responses and inducing itch. Moreover, lfTSLP is closely associated with skin fibrosis, epidermal hyperplasia, angiogenesis, and homeostatic tolerogenic regulations. This review highlights significant progress from experimental and clinical studies on lfTSLP in cutaneous immune-mediated diseases (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, bullous pemphigoid, systemic sclerosis, chronic spontaneous urticaria, Behçet's disease, vitiligo, rosacea, systemic lupus erythematosus, and alopecia areata). We also offer original insights into the pleiotropic properties of the cytokine TSLP in various pathophysiological conditions, with significant clinical implications of TSLP-targeted therapies for immune-mediated skin diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya-Gang Zuo
- Department of Dermatology, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wang L, Zhan M, Wang J, Chen D, Zhao N, Wang L, Wang W, Zhang X, Huang Y, Zhang H, He S. Upregulated Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 7 in Peripheral Blood Basophils of Patients With Allergic Rhinitis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2021; 35:746-760. [PMID: 33557582 DOI: 10.1177/1945892421993034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Recently, it has been reported that Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonists can improve allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms by up-regulation of Th1 cytokine release and suppression of Th2 cell functions. However, little is known of the expression of TLR7 in basophils of AR. Objective To explore the expression of TLR7 in basophils of AR, and influence of allergens on TLR7 expression. Methods The expression levels of TLR7 in basophils of patients with AR were determined by flow cytometry, and the influence of allergens on TLR7 expression was examined by real time (q) PCR. Results The percentages of TLR7+CCR3+ cells ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.011), TLR7+CD123+HLA-DR− cells ( P = 0 .016 and P = 0.042) and TLR7+CCR3+CD123+HLA-DR− cells ( P = 0.046 and P = 0.035) in blood granulocyte and mononucleated cell populations of the patients with AR were increased, respectively compared with HC subjects. TLR7 MFI on CCR3+ cells ( P = 0.050 and P = 0.043), CD123+HLA-DR− cells ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.002) and CCR3+CD123+HLA-DR− cells ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.003) were enhanced compared with HC subjects. Allergens Der p1 and OVA provoked upregulation of TLR7 expression at both protein and mRNA levels and IL-13 production in KU812 cells. House Dust Mite extract (HDME), Artemisia sieversiana wild allergen extract (ASWE), IL-31, IL-33, IL-37, and TSLP provoked elevation of IL-6 release from KU812 cells following 2 h incubation period. Conclusions The percentage of TLR7+ basophils and TLR7 expression intensity in a single basophil are both increased in the blood of patients with AR, indicating that basophils likely contribute to the pathogenesis of AR via TLR7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Wang
- Department of Immunology, Translational Medicine Institute, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhan
- Department of Immunology, Translational Medicine Institute, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Immunology, Translational Medicine Institute, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yixia Huang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huiyun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Translational Medicine Institute, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Shaoheng He
- Department of Immunology, Translational Medicine Institute, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
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The Best of 2018 in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology: The Editors' Choices. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 122:127-133. [PMID: 30711033 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Poddighe D. "Home environment and diseases in early life are associated with allergic rhinitis": Role of respiratory infections and passive smoke exposure in infancy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 125:133. [PMID: 31302574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Poddighe
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
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Hemmings O, Kwok M, McKendry R, Santos AF. Basophil Activation Test: Old and New Applications in Allergy. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2018; 18:77. [PMID: 30430289 PMCID: PMC6244909 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-018-0831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The basophil activation test (BAT) using flow cytometry has supplanted traditional methods of measuring basophil degranulation using histamine and other mediator release, and can be used for clinical applications as well as to explore the immune mechanisms of effector cell response to allergen. This review discusses the advancements made in clinical, diagnostic and laboratory research of allergy utilizing an ever-evolving BAT. RECENT FINDINGS Being an in vitro surrogate of the allergic reaction that happens in vivo in the sick patient, the BAT can be used to support the diagnosis of various allergic conditions, such as food, drug, respiratory and insect venom allergies, and the assessment of clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy and other immunomodulatory treatments. The BAT can also be used for research purposes to explore the mechanisms of allergy and tolerance at the level of the basophil, for instance by manipulating IgE and IgG and their receptors and by studying intracellular signalling cascade in response to allergen. This review covers the applications of the BAT to the clinical management of allergic patients and the increased understanding of the mechanisms of immune response to allergens as well as technological advancements made in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hemmings
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - Matthew Kwok
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - Richard McKendry
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - Alexandra F Santos
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK. .,Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK. .,MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK. .,Children's Allergies Department, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, St. Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, UK.
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