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Kenyon HL, Martin PR. Color as an Interspecific Badge of Status: A Comparative Test. Am Nat 2023; 202:433-447. [PMID: 37792917 DOI: 10.1086/725916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAnimals as diverse as cephalopods, insects, fish, and mammals signal social dominance to conspecifics to avoid costly fights. Even though between-species fights may be equally costly, the extent to which dominance signals are used between species is unknown. Here, we test the hypothesis that differences in color are associated with dominance between closely related species that aggressively interact over resources, examining between-species variation in colors that are used in within-species badges of status (black, white, and carotenoid coloration) in a comparative analysis of diverse species of birds. We found that dominant species have more black, on average, than subordinate species, particularly in regions important for aggressive signaling (face, throat, and bill). Furthermore, dominant species were more likely to have more black in comparisons in which the dominant species was similar in size or smaller than the subordinate, suggesting that black may be a more important signal when other signals of dominance (size) are missing. Carotenoid colors (i.e., red, pink, orange, and yellow) were not generally associated with dominance but may signal dominance in some taxonomic groups. White may have opposing functions: white was associated with dominance in species in which black was also associated with dominance but was associated with subordinance in species in which carotenoid-based dominance signals may be used. Overall, these results provide new evidence that colors may function broadly as signals of dominance among competing species. Such signals could help to mediate aggressive interactions among species, thereby reducing some costs of co-occurrence and facilitating coexistence in nature.
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Hammer TL, Bize P, Gineste B, Robin JP, Groscolas R, Viblanc VA. Disentangling the "many-eyes", "dilution effect", "selfish herd", and "distracted prey" hypotheses in shaping alert and flight initiation distance in a colonial seabird. Behav Processes 2023:104919. [PMID: 37481004 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2023.104919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Group living is thought to have important antipredator benefits for animals, owing to the mechanisms of shared vigilance ("many-eyes" hypothesis), risk dilution ("dilution effect" hypothesis), and relative safety in the center of the group ("selfish herd" hypothesis). However, it can also incur costs since social stimuli, such as conspecific aggression, may distract individuals from anti-predator behavior ("distracted prey" hypothesis). We simultaneously evaluated how these four different hypotheses shape anti-predator behaviors of breeding king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus), which aggregate into large colonies, experience frequent aggressive social interactions, and are regularly exposed to predation by giant petrels (Macronectes sp.) and brown skuas (Catharacta loonbergi) when breeding on land. We approached 200 incubating penguins at four different periods of the breeding season across a range of overall increasing colony densities. We measured the distance at which focal birds detected the approaching threat (alert distance: AD), whether birds decided to flee or not, and the distance of flight initiation (flight initiation distance: FID, viz. the bird attempting to walk away with its egg on its feet). We quantified relative local neighbor density, centrality within the colony (rank), and the number of aggressions the focal bird emitted towards neighbors during the approach. We found that birds engaged in aggressive conflicts with neighbors were less likely to flee, and that increasing relative local neighbor density at low and medium overall colony density resulted in a decrease in bird AD, both supporting the "distracted prey" hypothesis. However, at maximal overall colony density, increasing relative local neighbor density resulted in longer AD, supporting the "many-eyes" hypothesis. We found no support for the "dilution effect" and "selfish herd" hypotheses, and no effects of any hypothesis on FID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey L Hammer
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Bize
- Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Gineste
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France; IPEV - Institut Polaire Français Paul Émile Victor, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Jean-Patrice Robin
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - René Groscolas
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent A Viblanc
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Lemonnier C, Bize P, Boonstra R, Dobson FS, Criscuolo F, Viblanc VA. Effects of the social environment on vertebrate fitness and health in nature: Moving beyond the stress axis. Horm Behav 2022; 145:105232. [PMID: 35853411 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Social interactions are a ubiquitous feature of the lives of vertebrate species. These may be cooperative or competitive, and shape the dynamics of social systems, with profound effects on individual behavior, physiology, fitness, and health. On one hand, a wealth of studies on humans, laboratory animal models, and captive species have focused on understanding the relationships between social interactions and individual health within the context of disease and pathology. On the other, ecological studies are attempting an understanding of how social interactions shape individual phenotypes in the wild, and the consequences this entails in terms of adaptation. Whereas numerous studies in wild vertebrates have focused on the relationships between social environments and the stress axis, much remains to be done in understanding how socially-related activation of the stress axis coordinates other key physiological functions related to health. Here, we review the state of our current knowledge on the effects that social interactions may have on other markers of vertebrate fitness and health. Building upon complementary findings from the biomedical and ecological fields, we identify 6 key physiological functions (cellular metabolism, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, immunity, brain function, and the regulation of biological rhythms) which are intimately related to the stress axis, and likely directly affected by social interactions. Our goal is a holistic understanding of how social environments affect vertebrate fitness and health in the wild. Whereas both social interactions and social environments are recognized as important sources of phenotypic variation, their consequences on vertebrate fitness, and the adaptive nature of social-stress-induced phenotypes, remain unclear. Social flexibility, or the ability of an animal to change its social behavior with resulting changes in social systems in response to fluctuating environments, has emerged as a critical underlying factor that may buffer the beneficial and detrimental effects of social environments on vertebrate fitness and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Lemonnier
- Ecole Normale Supérieur de Lyon, 69342 Lyon, France; Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Pierre Bize
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; Swiss Institute of Ornithology, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Rudy Boonstra
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
| | - F Stephen Dobson
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Vincent A Viblanc
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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4
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Kenyon HL, Martin PR. Aggressive signaling among competing species of birds. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13431. [PMID: 35722268 PMCID: PMC9202552 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggressive interactions help individuals to gain access to and defend resources, but they can be costly, leading to increased predation risk, injury, or death. Signals involving sounds and color can allow birds to avoid the costs of intraspecific aggressive encounters, but we know less about agonistic signaling between species, where fights can be frequent and just as costly. Here, we review photographic and video evidence of aggressive interactions among species of birds (N = 337 interactions documenting the aggressive signals of 164 different bird species from 120 genera, 50 families, and 24 orders) to document how individuals signal in aggressive encounters among species, and explore whether these visual signals are similar to those used in aggressive encounters with conspecifics. Despite the diversity of birds examined, most aggressively signaling birds displayed weapons (bills, talons, wings) used in fighting and placed these weapons closest to their heterospecific opponent when signaling. Most species oriented their bodies and heads forward with their bills pointing towards their heterospecific opponent, often highlighting their face, throat, mouth, and bill. Many birds also opened their wings and/or tails, increasing their apparent size in displays, consistent with the importance of body size in determining behavioral dominance among species. Aggressive postures were often similar across species and taxonomic families. Exceptions included Accipitridae and Falconidae, which often highlighted their talons in the air, Columbidae, which often highlighted their underwings from the side, and Trochilidae, which often hovered upright in the air and pointed their fanned tail downward. Most species highlighted bright carotenoid-based colors in their signals, but highlighted colors varied across species and often involved multiple colors in combination (e.g., black, white, and carotenoid-based colors). Finally, birds tended to use the same visual signals in aggressive encounters with heterospecifics that they use in aggressive encounters with conspecifics, suggesting that selection from aggressive interactions may act on the same signaling traits regardless of competitor identity.
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Ord TJ. Costs of territoriality: a review of hypotheses, meta-analysis, and field study. Oecologia 2021; 197:615-631. [PMID: 34716493 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-05068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of territoriality reflects the balance between the benefit and cost of monopolising a resource. While the benefit of territoriality is generally intuitive (improved access to resources), our understanding of its cost is less clear. This paper combines: 1. a review of hypotheses and meta-analytic benchmarking of costs across diverse taxa; and 2. a new empirical test of hypotheses using a longitudinal study of free-living male territorial lizards. The cost of territoriality was best described as a culmination of multiple factors, but especially costs resulting from the time required to maintain a territory (identified by the meta-analysis) or those exacerbated by a territory that is large in size (identified by the empirical test). The meta-analysis showed that physiological costs such as energetic expenditure or stress were largely negligible in impact on territory holders. Species that used territories to monopolise access to mates appeared to incur the greatest costs, whereas those defending food resources experienced the least. The single largest gap in our current understanding revealed by the literature review is the potential cost associated with increased predation. There is also a clear need for multiple costs to be evaluated concurrently in a single species. The empirical component of this study showcases a powerful analytical framework for evaluating a range of hypotheses using correlational data obtained in the field. More broadly, this paper highlights key factors that should be considered in any investigation that attempts to account for the evolutionary origin or ecological variation in territorial behaviour within and between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry J Ord
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
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6
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Collins SM, Hatch SA, Elliott KH, Jacobs SR. Boldness, mate choice and reproductive success in Rissa tridactyla. Anim Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Lemaire BS, Viblanc VA, Jozet‐Alves C. Sex‐specific lateralization during aggressive interactions in breeding king penguins. Ethology 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bastien S. Lemaire
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Université de Rennes, CNRS, EthoS UMR 6552 Caen France
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences University of Trento Rovereto Italy
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Fuller G, Heintz MR, Allard S. Validation and welfare assessment of flipper-mounted time-depth recorders for monitoring penguins in zoos and aquariums. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Ferreira DV, Sacramento JJM, Rocha MLC, Cruz JS, Santana DL, Cristaldo PF, Araújo APA. Does Distance Among Colonies and Resource Availability Explain the Intercolonial Aggressiveness in Nasutitermes aff. coxipoensis? NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 47:808-814. [PMID: 30094633 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive behaviour can ensure animal access to local resources. To reduce constant costs in the defence of territories, species could save energy with conflicts avoiding aggression with neighbour or in situations with abundance of resources. In the present study, we analysed the effect of distance among colonies and resource availability on the aggression level and responses to chemical cues of Nasutitermes aff. coxipoensis (Holmgren) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). Manipulation of resource offer was conducted in the field, where nests with different distances were kept without addition of baits (control), with addition of three or 16 sugarcane baits/nest. After 3 months, aggressiveness, linear and Y-shaped trail-following bioassays were carried out with all pairwise combinations of colonies in each treatment. Our results showed that aggressive index of N. aff. coxipoensis was affected by the resource availability. However, individuals from colonies with 0 and 3 baits/nest showed a higher number of fighting with neighbours than those from non-neighbours colonies. Termite workers from colonies without baits (control) followed shorter distance in the linear trails compared to those from colonies with addition of baits. In all treatments, there was no preference of workers in relation to the choice of chemical cues from own or other colonies. The response of intercolonial aggressiveness in N. aff. coxipoensis seems to be resource-dependent. These results may contribute to the comprehension of the use of space by N. aff. coxipoensis and could be useful to explain patterns of termite co-occurrence at different spatial scales, from local (inside the nest-e.g. cohabitation of nests by inquilines) to regional (e.g. around the nest).
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Ferreira
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - J J M Sacramento
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - M L C Rocha
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - J S Cruz
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - D L Santana
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
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10
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Flights of drones over sub-Antarctic seabirds show species- and status-specific behavioural and physiological responses. Polar Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-017-2187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Keddar I, Altmeyer S, Couchoux C, Jouventin P, Dobson FS. Mate Choice and Colored Beak Spots of King Penguins. Ethology 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismaël Keddar
- CNRS; UMR 5175; Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; Montpellier France
| | - Sophie Altmeyer
- CNRS; UMR 5175; Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; Montpellier France
| | - Charline Couchoux
- Département des Sciences Biologiques; Université du Québec à Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
| | - Pierre Jouventin
- CNRS; UMR 5175; Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; Montpellier France
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13
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Do malaria parasites manipulate the escape behaviour of their avian hosts? An experimental study. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:4493-501. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4693-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Viblanc VA, Smith AD, Gineste B, Kauffmann M, Groscolas R. Modulation of heart rate response to acute stressors throughout the breeding season in the king penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 218:1686-92. [PMID: 25883375 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.112003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
'Fight-or-flight' stress responses allow animals to cope adaptively to sudden threats by mobilizing energy resources and priming the body for action. Because such responses can be costly and redirect behavior and energy from reproduction to survival, they are likely to be shaped by specific life-history stages, depending on the available energy resources and the commitment to reproduction. Here, we consider how heart rate (HR) responses to acute stressors are affected by the advancing breeding season in a colonial seabird, the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus). We subjected 77 birds (44 males, 33 females) at various stages of incubation and chick-rearing to three experimental stressors (metal sound, distant approach and capture) known to vary both in their intensity and associated risk, and monitored their HR responses. Our results show that HR increase in response to acute stressors was progressively attenuated with the stage of breeding from incubation to chick-rearing. Stress responses did not vary according to nutritional status or seasonal timing (whether breeding was initiated early or late in the season), but were markedly lower during chick-rearing than during incubation. This pattern was obvious for all three stressors. We discuss how 'fight-or-flight' responses may be modulated by considering the energy commitment to breeding, nutritional status and reproductive value of the brood in breeding seabirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent A Viblanc
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE), 23 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg 67087, France CNRS, UMR7178, Strasbourg 67087, France Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier - EPHE, 1919 route de Mende, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Andrew D Smith
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE), 23 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg 67087, France CNRS, UMR7178, Strasbourg 67087, France
| | - Benoit Gineste
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE), 23 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg 67087, France CNRS, UMR7178, Strasbourg 67087, France
| | - Marion Kauffmann
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE), 23 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg 67087, France CNRS, UMR7178, Strasbourg 67087, France
| | - René Groscolas
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE), 23 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg 67087, France CNRS, UMR7178, Strasbourg 67087, France
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15
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Li CY, Yang Y, Lee PY, Hsu Y. Opponent familiarity and contest experience jointly influence contest decisions in Kryptolebias marmoratus. Front Zool 2014; 11:92. [PMID: 25530793 PMCID: PMC4271475 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-014-0092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Individual recognition and winner/loser effects both play important roles in animal contests, but how their influences are integrated to affect an individual’s contest decisions in combination remains unclear. Individual recognition provides an animal with relatively precise information about its ability to defeat conspecifics that it has fought previously. Winner/loser effects, conversely, rely on sampling information about how an animal’s ability to win compares with those of others in the population. The less precise information causing winner/loser effects should therefore be more useful to an individual facing an unfamiliar opponent. In this study, we used Kryptolebias marmoratus, a hermaphroditic mangrove killifish, to test whether winner/loser effects do depend on opponent familiarity. In addition, as previous studies have shown that subordinates that behave aggressively sometimes suffer post-retreat retaliation from contest winners, we also explored this aspect of contest interaction in K. marmoratus. Results In the early stages of a contest, subordinates facing an unfamiliar dominant were more likely to signal their aggressiveness with either gill displays or attacks rather than retreating immediately. A winning experience then increased the likelihood that the most aggressive behavioral pattern the subordinates exhibited would be attacks rather than gill displays, irrespective of their opponents’ familiarity. Dominants that received a losing experience and faced an unfamiliar opponent were less likely than others to launch attacks directly. And subordinates that challenged dominants with more aggressive tactics but still lost received more post-retreat attacks from their dominant opponents. Conclusions Subordinates’ contest decisions were influenced by both their contest experience and the familiarity of their opponents, but these influences appeared at different stages of a contest and did not interact significantly with each other. The influence of a losing experience on dominants’ contest decisions, however, did depend on their subordinate opponents’ familiarity. Subordinates and dominants thus appeared to integrate information from the familiarity of their opponents and the outcome of previous contests differently, which warrants further investigation. The higher costs that dominants imposed on subordinates that behaved more aggressively toward them may have been to deter them from either fighting back or challenging them in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Ting-Chou Rd, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan
| | - Yusan Yang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Ting-Chou Rd, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan
| | - Pey-Yi Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Ting-Chou Rd, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan
| | - Yuying Hsu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Ting-Chou Rd, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan
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Le Maho Y, Whittington JD, Hanuise N, Pereira L, Boureau M, Brucker M, Chatelain N, Courtecuisse J, Crenner F, Friess B, Grosbellet E, Kernaléguen L, Olivier F, Saraux C, Vetter N, Viblanc VA, Thierry B, Tremblay P, Groscolas R, Le Bohec C. Rovers minimize human disturbance in research on wild animals. Nat Methods 2014; 11:1242-4. [PMID: 25362361 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.3173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Investigating wild animals while minimizing human disturbance remains an important methodological challenge. When approached by a remote-operated vehicle (rover) which can be equipped to make radio-frequency identifications, wild penguins had significantly lower and shorter stress responses (determined by heart rate and behavior) than when approached by humans. Upon immobilization, the rover-unlike humans-did not disorganize colony structure, and stress rapidly ceased. Thus, rovers can reduce human disturbance of wild animals and the resulting scientific bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvon Le Maho
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France. [3] Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), LIA-647 BioSensib, Monaco
| | - Jason D Whittington
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France. [3] Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), LIA-647 BioSensib, Monaco. [4] Nordic Centre for Research on Marine Ecosystems and Resources under Climate Change, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. [5] Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicolas Hanuise
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Louise Pereira
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matthieu Boureau
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mathieu Brucker
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Chatelain
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julien Courtecuisse
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Francis Crenner
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benjamin Friess
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Edith Grosbellet
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laëtitia Kernaléguen
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédérique Olivier
- 1] John Downer Productions Ltd, Bristol, UK. [2] Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Claire Saraux
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France. [3] Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, Sète, France
| | - Nathanaël Vetter
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent A Viblanc
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France. [3] Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5158, Montpellier, France
| | - Bernard Thierry
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - René Groscolas
- 1] Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire International Associé LIA-647 BioSensib (CSM-CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France. [2] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, LIA-647 BioSensib, Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Le Bohec
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), LIA-647 BioSensib, Monaco
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Stress hormones in relation to breeding status and territory location in colonial king penguin: a role for social density? Oecologia 2014; 175:763-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-2942-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Viblanc VA, Saraux C, Malosse N, Groscolas R. Energetic adjustments in freely breeding‐fasting king penguins: does colony density matter? Funct Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent A. Viblanc
- Université de Strasbourg IPHC 23 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
- CNRS UMR 7178 67087 Strasbourg France
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive Equipe Ecologie Comportementale UMR 5175 CNRS 1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Claire Saraux
- Université de Strasbourg IPHC 23 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
- CNRS UMR 7178 67087 Strasbourg France
- Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques de Sète Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer Station de Sète Avenue Jean Monnet BP 171 34203 Sète Cedex France
| | - Nelly Malosse
- Université de Strasbourg IPHC 23 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
- CNRS UMR 7178 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - René Groscolas
- Université de Strasbourg IPHC 23 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
- CNRS UMR 7178 67087 Strasbourg France
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19
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Tettamanti F, Viblanc VA. Influences of mating group composition on the behavioral time-budget of male and female Alpine Ibex (Capra ibex) during the rut. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86004. [PMID: 24416453 PMCID: PMC3885753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During the rut, polygynous ungulates gather in mixed groups of individuals of different sex and age. Group social composition, which may vary on a daily basis, is likely to have strong influences on individual's time-budget, with emerging properties at the group-level. To date, few studies have considered the influence of group composition on male and female behavioral time budget in mating groups. Focusing on a wild population of Alpine ibex, we investigated the influence of group composition (adult sex ratio, the proportion of dominant to subordinate males, and group size) on three behavioral axes obtained by Principal Components Analysis, describing male and female group time-budget. For both sexes, the first behavioral axis discerned a trade-off between grazing and standing/vigilance behavior. In females, group vigilance behavior increased with increasingly male-biased sex ratio, whereas in males, the effect of adult sex ratio on standing/vigilance behavior depended on the relative proportion of dominant males in the mating group. The second axis characterized courtship and male-male agonistic behavior in males, and moving and male-directed agonistic behavior in females. Mating group composition did not substantially influence this axis in males. However, moving and male-directed agonistic behavior increased at highly biased sex ratios (quadratic effect) in females. Finally, the third axis highlighted a trade-off between moving and lying behavior in males, and distinguished moving and female-female agonistic behavior from lying behavior in females. For males, those behaviors were influenced by a complex interaction between group size and adult sex ratio, whereas in females, moving and female-female agonistic behaviors increased in a quadratic fashion at highly biased sex ratios, and also increased with increasing group size. Our results reveal complex behavioral trade-offs depending on group composition in the Alpine ibex, and emphasize the importance of social factors in influencing behavioral time-budgets of wild ungulates during the rut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Tettamanti
- Department of Science for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Vincent A. Viblanc
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Equipe Ecologie Comportementale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5175, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
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Preininger D, Boeckle M, Sztatecsny M, Hödl W. Divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55367. [PMID: 23383168 PMCID: PMC3558420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimodal communication of acoustic and visual signals serves a vital role in the mating system of anuran amphibians. To understand signal evolution and function in multimodal signal design it is critical to test receiver responses to unimodal signal components versus multimodal composite signals. We investigated two anuran species displaying a conspicuous foot-flagging behavior in addition to or in combination with advertisement calls while announcing their signaling sites to conspecifics. To investigate the conspicuousness of the foot-flagging signals, we measured and compared spectral reflectance of foot webbings of Micrixalus saxicola and Staurois parvus using a spectrophotometer. We performed behavioral field experiments using a model frog including an extendable leg combined with acoustic playbacks to test receiver responses to acoustic, visual and combined audio-visual stimuli. Our results indicated that the foot webbings of S. parvus achieved a 13 times higher contrast against their visual background than feet of M. saxicola. The main response to all experimental stimuli in S. parvus was foot flagging, whereas M. saxicola responded primarily with calls but never foot flagged. Together these across-species differences suggest that in S. parvus foot-flagging behavior is applied as a salient and frequently used communicative signal during agonistic behavior, whereas we propose it constitutes an evolutionary nascent state in ritualization of the current fighting behavior in M. saxicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Preininger
- Department of Integrative Zoology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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21
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Viblanc VA, Valette V, Kauffmann M, Malosse N, Groscolas R. Coping with social stress: heart rate responses to agonistic interactions in king penguins. Behav Ecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ars095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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