1
|
Grabenstein KC, Otter KA, Burg TM, Taylor SA. Hybridization between closely related songbirds is related to human habitat disturbance. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:955-968. [PMID: 36305309 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Human habitat disturbances can promote hybridization between closely related, but typically reproductively isolated, species. We explored whether human habitat disturbances are related to hybridization between two closely related songbirds, black-capped and mountain chickadees, using both genomic and citizen science data sets. First, we genotyped 409 individuals from across both species' ranges using reduced-representation genome sequencing and compared measures of genetic admixture to a composite measure of human landscape disturbance. Then, using eBird observations, we compared human landscape disturbance values for sites where phenotypically diagnosed hybrids were observed to locations where either parental species was observed to determine whether hybrid chickadees are reported in more disturbed areas. We found that hybridization between black-capped and mountain chickadees positively correlates with human habitat disturbances. From genomic data, we found that (1) hybrid index (HI) significantly increased with habitat disturbance, (2) more hybrids were sampled in disturbed habitats, (3) mean HIs were higher in disturbed habitats versus wild habitats, and (4) hybrids were detected in habitats with significantly higher disturbance values than parentals. Using eBird data, we found that both hybrid and black-capped chickadees were significantly more disturbance-associated than mountain chickadees. Surprisingly, we found that nearly every black-capped chickadee we sampled contained some proportion of hybrid ancestry, while we detected very few mountain chickadee backcrosses. Our results highlight that hybridization between black-capped and mountain chickadees is widespread, but initial hybridization is rare (few F1s were detected). We conclude that human habitat disturbances can erode pre-zygotic reproductive barriers between chickadees and that post-zygotic isolation is incomplete. Understanding what becomes of recently hybridizing species following large-scale habitat disturbances is a new, but pressing, consideration for successfully preserving genetic biodiversity in a rapidly changing world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn C Grabenstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Ken A Otter
- Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Theresa M Burg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Scott A Taylor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grabenstein KC, Otter KA, Burg TM, Taylor SA. Sympatry leads to reduced body condition in chickadees that occasionally hybridize. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8756. [PMID: 35386870 PMCID: PMC8975787 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both abiotic and biotic drivers influence species distributions. Abiotic drivers such as climate have received considerable attention, even though biotic drivers such as hybridization often interact with abiotic drivers. We sought to explore the (1) costs of co‐occurrence for ecologically similar species that hybridize and (2) associations between ecological factors and condition to understand how abiotic and biotic factors influence species distributions. For two closely related and ecologically similar songbirds, black‐capped and mountain chickadees, we characterized body condition, as a proxy for fitness, using a 1358‐individual range‐wide dataset. We compared body condition in sympatry and allopatry with several abiotic and biotic factors using species‐specific generalized linear mixed models. We generated genomic data for a subset of 217 individuals to determine the extent of hybridization‐driven admixture in our dataset. Within this data subset, we found that ~11% of the chickadees had hybrid ancestry, and all hybrid individuals had typical black‐capped chickadee plumage. In the full dataset, we found that birds of both species, independent of demographic and abiotic factors, had significantly lower body condition when occurring in sympatry than birds in allopatry. This could be driven by either the inclusion of cryptic, likely poor condition, hybrids in our full dataset, competitive interactions in sympatry, or range edge effects. We are currently unable to discriminate between these mechanisms. Our findings have implications for mountain chickadees in particular, which will encounter more black‐capped chickadees as black‐capped chickadee ranges shift upslope and could lead to local declines in mountain chickadee populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn C. Grabenstein
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Ken A. Otter
- Natural Resources and Environmental Studies University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada
| | | | - Scott A. Taylor
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rodella Manzano MC, Chagas DG, de Sena Ferreira JM, Sawaya RJ, Llusia D. Reinforced acoustic divergence in two syntopic neotropical treefrogs. BIOACOUSTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09524622.2021.1899987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Rodella Manzano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Evolução e Diversidade, Universidade Federal do ABC – UFABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
- Terrestrial Ecology Group, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Daniel Garcia Chagas
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Diadema, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo J. Sawaya
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC – UFABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Diego Llusia
- Terrestrial Ecology Group, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
LaZerte SE, Slabbekoorn H, Otter KA. A field test of the audibility of urban versus rural songs in mountain chickadees. Ethology 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie E. LaZerte
- Natural Resources and Environmental Studies University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada
- John R. Brodie Science Centre, Department of Biology Brandon University Brandon Manitoba Canada
| | - Hans Slabbekoorn
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Ken A. Otter
- Natural Resources and Environmental Studies University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pérez-Granados C, Osiejuk TS, López-Iborra GM. Dawn chorus interpretation differs when using songs or calls: the Dupont's Lark Chersophilus duponti case. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5241. [PMID: 30038868 PMCID: PMC6054861 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Territorial songbirds vocalise intensively before sunrise and then decrease their vocal activity. This creates a communication network that disseminates essential information for both males and females. The function of dawn chorus in birds has been frequently interpreted according to seasonal variation of singing as the breeding season advances, but potential differences in seasonal variation of song and calls for the same species have not been taken into account. Methods We chose Dupont’s Lark as a model species to study whether the seasonal pattern of dawn chorus differs between singing and calling activity, because in this species most daily songs and calls are uttered at dawn. We registered vocal activity of Dupont’s Lark before and around dawn in three different populations, through repeated sampling over the entire breeding season of two consecutive years. Results We found that dawn singing parameters remained constant or presented an increasing trend while dawn calling activity decreased as breeding season advanced. We also found different daily patterns for singing and calling, with birds calling mostly during the first 30 minutes of dawn choruses and singing peaking afterwards. Discussion The different time patterns of songs and calls may indicate that they serve diverse functions at dawn in the Dupont’s Lark. Relaxation of dawn calling activity after the first month of the breeding season would suggest that dawn calling may be mainly related to mate attraction, while constant dawn singing throughout the breeding period would support a relationship of dawn singing to territorial defence. Our study highlights that the type of vocalisation used is an important factor to consider in further research on dawn choruses, since results may differ depending on whether calls or songs are analysed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Pérez-Granados
- Ecology Department/Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies "Ramón Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Current affiiation: Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG-UAM), Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomasz S Osiejuk
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Germán M López-Iborra
- Ecology Department/Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies "Ramón Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mountain chickadees adjust songs, calls and chorus composition with increasing ambient and experimental anthropogenic noise. Urban Ecosyst 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-017-0652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
7
|
Marini KL, Reudink MW, LaZerte SE, Otter KA. Urban mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli) begin vocalizing earlier, and have greater dawn chorus output than rural males. BEHAVIOUR 2017. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Vocal output during the dawn chorus is often an honest indicator of male quality, where males with greater access to food and in better condition produce more vocalizations. We compare the vocal output among male mountain chickadees living along an urbanization gradient to assess how urbanization affects male signalling. Chickadees forage in the canopy, and because urban habitats are associated with lower canopy volume, we predicted that urban habitats may offer lower food and thus lead to reduced song output. Contrary to our predictions, males in more urbanized habitats had greater vocal output. We suggest that despite decreased canopy cover, urban birds may have greater access to food in both the breeding and pre-breeding seasons due to differences in both supplementary resources and vegetation composition of urban vs rural landscapes in our area. Living in urban habitats may allow males to enter the breeding season in better condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen L.D. Marini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, 805 TRU Way, Kamloops, BC, Canada V2C 0C8
| | - Matthew W. Reudink
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, 805 TRU Way, Kamloops, BC, Canada V2C 0C8
| | - Stefanie E. LaZerte
- Department of Geography, Thompson Rivers University, 805 TRU Way, Kamloops, BC, Canada V2C 0C8
- Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC, Canada V2N 4Z9
| | - Ken A. Otter
- Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC, Canada V2N 4Z9
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Snell CL, LaZerte SE, Reudink MW, Otter KA. Sympatric song variant in mountain chickadees Poecile gambeli does not reduce aggression from black-capped chickadees Poecile atricapillus. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/eje-2016-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
When habitats overlap and species compete for resources, negative interactions frequently occur. Character displacement in the form of behavioural, social or morphological divergences between closely related species can act to reduce negative interactions and often arise in regions of geographic overlap. Mountain chickadees Poecile gambeli have an altered song structure in regions of geographic overlap with the behaviourally dominant black-capped chickadee Poecile atricapillus. Similar to European and Asian tits, altered song in mountain chickadees may decrease aggression from black-capped chickadees. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a playback study in Prince George, BC, Canada, to examine how black-capped chickadees responded to the songs of mountain chickadees recorded in regions where the two species were either sympatric or allopatric. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to collapse behavioural response variables into a single ‘approach’ variable and a single ‘vocalisation’ variable. We then used mixed-model analysis to determine whether there was a difference in approach or vocalisation response to the two types of mountain chickadee songs (allopatric songs and variant sympatric songs). Black-capped chickadees responded with equal intensity to both types of mountain chickadee songs, suggesting that the variant mountain chickadee songs from regions of sympatry with black-capped chickadees do not reduce heterospecific aggression. To our knowledge, this is the only instance of a character shift unassociated with reduced aggression in the family Paridae and raises interesting questions about the selective pressures leading to the evolution of this song divergence.
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
LaZerte SE, Otter KA, Slabbekoorn H. Relative effects of ambient noise and habitat openness on signal transfer for chickadee vocalizations in rural and urban green-spaces. BIOACOUSTICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09524622.2015.1060531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|