1
|
Wan DF, Hao Z, Huang Y, Pan SS. Late Exercise Preconditioning Regulates BNP Increasing to Assist the Cardioprotection via Up-Regulation of NPR-A and Down-Regulation of NPR-C in Rat Myocardium. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
2
|
Doǧanyiǧit Z, Kaymak E, Silici S. The cardiotoxic effects of acute and chronic grayanotoxin-III in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 39:374-383. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327119889668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to histologically and immunohistochemically determine the changes created by grayanotoxin-III (GTX-III), which is a sodium channel neurotoxin, on heart tissues in different dosages. Rats were randomly divided into 10 groups to determine the acute and chronic effects of GTX-III. While the rats in groups 1 and 6 were control rats, the rats in groups 2–5 (1, 2, 4, and 8 μg/kg bw GTX-III) received a single dose of intraperitoneal GTX-III, and the rats in groups 7–10 received GTX-III every day for 3 weeks. As a result of the trial, in the heart tissues, histopathological changes were determined by hematoxylin–eosin staining, interleukin-1 (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined by the avidin–biotin peroxidase method, and apoptosis was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining method. In the immunohistochemistry sense, while the BNP level in the AGTX-III groups did not vary significantly, an increase in dosage significantly increased the IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels in comparison to the control groups. In their comparison to the control groups, the BNP levels increase and the IL-6 and IL-1β levels decreased in the CGTX-III groups. TUNEL analysis revealed that apoptosis increased in both the acute and chronic groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Doǧanyiǧit
- Department of Histology–Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - E Kaymak
- Department of Histology–Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - S Silici
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dai W, Dong Q, Chen M, Zhao L, Chen A, Li Z, Liu S. Changes in cardiac structure and function in a modified rat model of myocardial hypertrophy. Cardiovasc J Afr 2017; 27:134-142. [PMID: 27841899 PMCID: PMC5101493 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2015-053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim In this study we designed a modified method of abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) in order to establish a stable animal model of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We also evaluated cardiac structure and function in rats with myocardial hypertrophy using echocardiography, and provide a theory and experimental basis for the application of drug interventions using the LVH animal model. We hope this model will provide insight into novel clinical therapies for LVH. Methods The abdominal aorta of male Wistar rats (80–100 g) was constricted between the branches of the coeliac and anterior mesenteric arteries, to a diameter of 0.55 mm. Echocardiography, using a linear phase array probe, combined with histology and plasma BNP concentration, was performed at three, four and six weeks post AAC. Results: The acute (24-hour) mortality rate was lower (8%) than in previous reports (15%) using this modified rat model. Compared with shams, animals who underwent AAC demonstrated significantly increased interventricular septal (IVS), LV posterior wall (LVPWd), LV mass index (LVMI), crosssectional area (CSA) of myocytes, and perivascular fibrosis; while the ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) and cardiac output (CO) were consistently lower at each time interval. Notably, differences in these parameters between the AAC and sham groups were significant by three weeks and reached a peak at four weeks. Following AAC, plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level was gradually elevated, compared with the sham group, between three and six weeks. Conclusion This modified AAC model induced LVH both stably and safely by week four post surgery. Echocardiography was accurately able to assess changes in chamber dimensions and systolic properties in the rats with LVH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Physiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minsheng Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Luning Zhao
- Department of Medical Experimental Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ailan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenci Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Municipal People's Hospital of Guangzhou affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu MQ, Chen Z, Chen LX. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: a novel mechanism and therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:425-43. [PMID: 26838072 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum is a principal organelle responsible for folding, post-translational modifications and transport of secretory, luminal and membrane proteins, thus palys an important rale in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a condition that is accelerated by accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins after endoplasmic reticulum environment disturbance, triggered by a variety of physiological and pathological factors, such as nutrient deprivation, altered glycosylation, calcium depletion, oxidative stress, DNA damage and energy disturbance, etc. ERS may initiate the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore cellular homeostasis or lead to apoptosis. Numerous studies have clarified the link between ERS and cardiovascular diseases. This review focuses on ERS-associated molecular mechanisms that participate in physiological and pathophysiological processes of heart and blood vessels. In addition, a number of drugs that regulate ERS was introduced, which may be used to treat cardiovascular diseases. This review may open new avenues for studying the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and discovering novel drugs targeting ERS.
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu WP, Yao TQ, Jiang YB, Zhang MZ, Wang YP, Yu Y, Li JX, Li YG. Effect of the angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan on cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial histone deacetylase expression in rats with aortic constriction. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:2225-2228. [PMID: 26136964 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to observe the myocardial expression of members of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) family (HDAC2, HDAC5 and HDAC9) in rats with or without myocardial hypertrophy (MH) in the presence and absence of the angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=6/group): Sham-operated control rats, treated with distilled water (1 ml/day) through gavage; rats with MH (established through aortic constriction), treated with distilled water (1 ml/day) through gavage; and MH + valsartan rats, treated with 20 mg/kg/day valsartan through gavage. Treatments commenced one day after surgery and continued for eight weeks. Body weight (BW), heart weight (HW) and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were determined, and the myocardial expression of HDAC2, HDAC5 and HDAC9 was analyzed through a reverse transcription semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The BWs of the rats in the three groups were similar at baseline; however, after eight weeks the BW of the rats in the MH + valsartan group was significantly reduced compared with that of the MH rats. Furthermore, the HW/BW ratio and plasma ANP and BNP levels were increased, the myocardial HDAC2 expression was significantly upregulated and the HDAC5 and HDAC9 expression was significantly downregulated in the MH rats compared with those in the control rats; however, these changes were significantly attenuated by valsartan. Modulation of myocardial HDAC5, HDAC9 and HDAC2 expression may therefore be one of the anti-hypertrophic mechanisms of valsartan in this rat MH model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ping Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Qing Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Bo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu 225400, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Peng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Xiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Gang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dai WJ, Dong Q, Chen MS, Zhao LN, Chen AL, Li ZC, Liu SM. Alterations in cardiac structure and function in a modified rat model of myocardial hypertrophy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 34:626-633. [PMID: 25318869 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-014-1328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to establish a stable animal model of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) to provide theoretical and experimental basis for understanding the development of LVH. The abdominal aorta of male Wistar rats (80-100 g) was constricted to a diameter of 0.55 mm between the branches of the celiac and anterior mesenteric arteries. Echocardiography using a linear phased array probe was performed as well as pathological examination and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurement at 3, 4 and 6 weeks after abdominal aortic constriction (AAC). The results showed that the acute mortality rate (within 24 h) of this modified rat model was 8%. Animals who underwent AAC demonstrated significantly increased interventricular septal (IVS), LV posterior wall (LVPWd), LV mass index (LVMI), cross-sectional area (CSA) of myocytes, and perivascular fibrosis; the ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), and cardiac output (CO) were consistently lower at each time point after AAC. Notably, differences in these parameters between AAC group and sham group were significant by 3 weeks and reached peaks at 4th week. Following AAC, the plasma BNP was gradually elevated compared with the sham group at 3rd and 6th week. It was concluded that this modified AAC model can develop LVH, both stably and safely, by week four post-surgery; echocardiography is able to assess changes in chamber dimensions and systolic properties accurately in rats with LVH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Physiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Min-Sheng Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
| | - Lu-Ning Zhao
- Department of Medical Experimental Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Ai-Lan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhen-Ci Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Municipal People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Shi-Ming Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Burley DS, Cox CD, Zhang J, Wann KT, Baxter GF. Natriuretic peptides modulate ATP-sensitive K(+) channels in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Basic Res Cardiol 2014; 109:402. [PMID: 24477916 PMCID: PMC3951884 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-014-0402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), and (Cys-18)-atrial natriuretic factor (4–23) amide (C-ANF), are cytoprotective under conditions of ischemia–reperfusion, limiting infarct size. ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) opening is also cardioprotective, and although the KATP activation is implicated in the regulation of cardiac natriuretic peptide release, no studies have directly examined the effects of natriuretic peptides on cardiac KATP activity. Normoxic cardiomyocytes were patch clamped in the cell-attached configuration to examine sarcolemmal KATP (sKATP) activity. The KATP opener pinacidil (200 μM) increased the open probability of the patch (NPo; values normalized to control) at least twofold above basal value, and this effect was abolished by HMR1098 10 μM, a selective KATP blocker (5.23 ± 1.20 versus 0.89 ± 0.18; P < 0.001). We then examined the effects of BNP, CNP, C-ANF and 8Br-cGMP on the sKATP current. Bath application of BNP (≥10 nM) or CNP (≥0.01 nM) suppressed basal NPo (BNP: 1.00 versus 0.56 ± 0.09 at 10 nM, P < 0.001; CNP: 1.0 versus 0.45 ± 0.16, at 0.01 nM, P < 0.05) and also abolished the pinacidil-activated current at concentrations ≥10 nM. C-ANF (≥10 nM) enhanced KATP activity (1.00 versus 3.85 ± 1.13, at 100 nM, P < 0.05). The cGMP analog 8Br-cGMP 10 nM dampened the pinacidil-activated current (2.92 ± 0.60 versus 1.53 ± 0.32; P < 0.05). Natriuretic peptides modulate sKATP current in ventricular cardiomyocytes. This may be at least partially associated with their ability to augment intracellular cGMP concentrations via NPR-A/B, or their ability to bind NPR-C with high affinity. Although the mechanism of modulation requires elucidation, these preliminary data give new insights into the relationship between natriuretic peptide signaling and sKATP in the myocardium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwaine S Burley
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|