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Lamraoui M, de Almeida AM, Khelef Y, Boukhalfa F, Lamraoui I, Sahraoui N. Establishment of biochemical and hematological profiles of dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) under extensive and intensive production systems. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 56:25. [PMID: 38133870 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03795-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In Algeria, camel husbandry is undergoing a shift from a traditional extensive system to one more intensive. Such a move in the production system of the dromedary camel should be well investigated in terms of animal welfare, health, and production status. The main objective of this study was to define and evaluate the effects of production systems on physiological responses (hematological and biochemical parameters) in Sahraoui dromedary camels to understand possible changes caused by intensive livestock farming. We analyzed the biochemical and hematological blood profiles in Sahraoui dromedary camel to evaluate and establish the differential responses to intensive conditions. Blood samples were taken from 41 healthy Sahraoui dromedary camels as part of routine veterinary analysis in southern Algeria. In total, 28 camels were from an intensive production system (IS) fed with formulated concentrate and a supply of minerals, and 13 camels were reared in a traditional extensive system (ES) maintained exclusively on grazing. Animals were of a different sex: 16 males and 25 females, and they were divided into three age categories: less than 4 years, 4 to 8, and above 8 years. All animals were healthy. This enabled us to simultaneously check the effect of age and sex on the blood profiles. Results showed that the production system affected the blood parameters of Sahraoui dromedary camel; as total protein, total cholesterol, and urea concentration were significantly higher in the plasma of animals in the intensive production system (P < 0.05). Glucose, triglycerides, and urea values differed significantly (P < 0.05) in camel plasma between age categories. Sex in our study had no effect on enzyme activities (P > 0.05). However, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in camels reared in the extensive production system (1454.13 ± 290 IU/l) than those reared in intensive production system (1313.17 ± 32 IU/l). Age and sex had a marginal effect on mineral status in dromedary camel plasma as only iron concentrations were significantly higher in male camels (P < 0.05), while Ca, P, and K concentrations were increased in the intensive system. On the other hand, our findings showed that sex, age, and production system did not affect the hematological parameters of Sahraoui dromedary (P > 0.05), except for hematocrit (PCV %) that was significantly higher in the extensive system. This work contributes to a better understanding of Sahraoui dromedary camel biology regarding the effect of different production systems on hemato-biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Messaouda Lamraoui
- Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie Et Scientométrie, Faculté Des Sciences de La Nature Et de La Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria.
| | - André M de Almeida
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Yahia Khelef
- Laboratory of Biology, Environment and Health (LBEH), El Oued University, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Farid Boukhalfa
- Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie Et Scientométrie, Faculté Des Sciences de La Nature Et de La Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Imane Lamraoui
- Higher National School of Biotechnology "Toufik Khaznadar" (ENSB), 25000, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Naima Sahraoui
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Liées À La Reproduction (LBRA), Veterinary Institute, Université Saad Dahlab de Blida, Blida, Algeria
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Morsy TA, Matloup OH, Gado HM, EL-Bordeny NE, Kholif SM, Fahmy M. Influence of Replacing Corn with Levels of Treated Date Press Cake on in vitro Ruminal Fermentation, Degradability and Gas Production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.3923/ijds.2020.72.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Xie B, Wang P, Yan Z, Ren Y, Dong K, Song Z, Zhang J, Zhang C. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits, body composition, and meat quality of goat fed Chinese jujube (Ziziphus Jujuba Mill) fruit as a replacement for maize in diet. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Factors affecting the milk yield and composition over lactation of prolific D'man ewes in Tunisian oases. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 51:507-518. [PMID: 30242779 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate milk potentiality and the influence of some non-genetic factors both on milk yield production and composition in prolific D'man sheep. Observations were performed in eighty lactating D'man ewes maintained under an intensive oases system in Southern Tunisia. Daily milk yield was determined at 7-day intervals using oxytocin + hand milking method. Chemical milk composition was determined by Lactoscan. Total productions over lactation (milk, fat, and protein) were estimated using the Fleischmann method. Daily milk yield averaged 1.64 ± 0.02 l. It increased to a plateau from the third to the fourth week of lactation, and decreased gradually to the tenth week. D'man ewes produced 128.91 ± 3.14 l of milk, 9.23 ± 0.26 kg of fat, and 5.26 ± 0.12 kg of total proteins. Overall, milk contained 16.17% of total solids, 7.08% of fat, 4.04% of proteins, 4.32% of lactose, 9.09% of solids-not-fat, and 0.73% of ash. Lambing season affected the daily milk yield and milk composition, where fat and total proteins were highest in autumn. Total solids, lactose, solids-not-fat, and ash were higher in winter than in autumn and summer. Ewes reared multiple lambs produced more milk than those reared singles. Dams nursing triplets or more had the highest milk total proteins, and the lowest total solids and fat levels. Adult ewes produced more milk compared to younger and older ewes, and their milk contained higher total solids, fat, and ash levels than milk from young ewes. Ewes with asymmetric udder produced less and more concentrated milk than ewes with symmetrical udder. Daily milk yield was negatively correlated to total solids, fat, and total proteins amounts. In contrast, litter survival at weaning was positively correlated to the amounts of total milk, fat, and total proteins.
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Allaoui A, Safsaf B, Tlidjane M, Djaalab I, Mansour HD. Effect of increasing levels of wasted date palm in concentrate diet on reproductive performance of Ouled Djellal breeding rams during flushing period. Vet World 2018; 11:712-719. [PMID: 29915513 PMCID: PMC5993764 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.712-719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was to assess the effect of two levels of wasted date (WD) by replacing commercial concentrate on the reproductive performance of Ouled Djellal (OD) rams. Materials and Methods Eighteen mature (2-year-old) OD rams were equally allocated to three groups and fed during 11 weeks with one of three different experimental diets, that contained 0% (0 WD), 50% (50 WD), or 75% (75 WD) of WDs in concentrate diet. Live body weight (LBW), body condition scoring (BCS), scrotal circumference (SC), testicular weight (TW), sperm production and quality, plasma testosterone concentration (T), and sexual behavior (reaction time and number of mounts with ejaculation) were regularly recorded from every ram. Results LBW, SC, and TW changed significantly among diet groups and during the experimental period (p<0.001), the highest averages were recorded in (0 WD) group. LBW, BCS, SC, TW, semen volume, and percentage of the positive hypo-osmotic swelling test were (p<0.001) positively influenced by flushing period. Nevertheless, sperm concentration showed a significant (p<0.001) decrease at day 30, followed by a return to the initial values afterward. There were no differences (p>0.05) between diet groups for plasma testosterone concentration and semen attributes, except that (50 WD) group expressed the lowest overall value of semen concentration. Furthermore, neither time nor diet affected (p>0.05) sperm motility and reproductive behavior parameters. Conclusions It is possible to introduce WD as unconventional local feeding resources in flushing diet of breeding rams without disturbing their reproductive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Allaoui
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences Institute, Laboratory ESPA, Hadj Lakhdar Batna-1 University, Batna - 05000, Algeria
| | - B Safsaf
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences Institute, Laboratory ESPA, Hadj Lakhdar Batna-1 University, Batna - 05000, Algeria
| | - M Tlidjane
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences Institute, Laboratory ESPA, Hadj Lakhdar Batna-1 University, Batna - 05000, Algeria
| | - I Djaalab
- Department of Animal Productions, Veterinary Sciences Institute, Laboratory GSPA, Mentouri University, Constantine -25000, Algeria
| | - H Djaalab Mansour
- Department of Animal Productions, Veterinary Sciences Institute, Laboratory GSPA, Mentouri University, Constantine -25000, Algeria
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Khezri A, Dayani O, Tahmasbi R. Effect of increasing levels of wasted date palm on digestion, rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in sheep. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:53-60. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Khezri
- Department of Animal Science; College of Agriculture; Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman; Kerman Iran
| | - O. Dayani
- Department of Animal Science; College of Agriculture; Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman; Kerman Iran
| | - R. Tahmasbi
- Department of Animal Science; College of Agriculture; Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman; Kerman Iran
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Cortés G, Carvajal M, Méndez-Ramírez I, Avila-González E, Chilpa-Galván N, Castillo-Urueta P, Flores CM. Identification and quantification of aflatoxins and aflatoxicol from poultry feed and their recovery in poultry litter. Poult Sci 2010; 89:993-1001. [PMID: 20371852 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AF) are toxic fungal secondary metabolites and are known mycotoxins pathological to animals and humans. Poultry litter is frequently used as a food supplement for ruminants, and when poultry feed contains AF, the litter becomes contaminated as well, thus having an effect on livestock health. This study identified and quantified AF (AFB(1), AFB(2), AFG(1), and AFG(2)) from poultry feed and their recovery, together with their metabolites (AFM(1), AFM(2), AFP(1), and aflatoxicol) in litter. An experiment with 25 Hy-Line W-36 hens, in their second production stage, 121 wk old, was carried out. Hens were distributed in 3 groups placed in individual cages and 1 ration of 250 g of feed was given to each hen daily. Nine hens of the control group were fed with clean feed, without AFB(1); the other 2 experimental groups, with 8 hens each, were fed with 2 AFB(1) concentrations: 30 and 500 microg.kg(-1). The feed was replaced and weighed daily throughout a 7-d period to register the amount of feed consumed by the hens. Litter from each hen was collected, weighed, and dried individually. The chemical analysis of 40 g of each one of the 200 feed and 200 litter samples was chemically extracted and concentrated with immunoaffinity columns for total AF. To quantify AF, calibration curves for each AF were done by HPLC. Feed samples of the 3 groups presented significant difference with AFB(2) and AFG(2), whereas in litter samples, there were significant differences for AFG(2) in the 500 microg.kg(-1) group. Poultry litter had traces of AFM(1), AFM(2), AFP(1), and AFL with no significant differences among treatments. Aflatoxin B(1) prevalence in litter samples can cause damages in livestock because this mycotoxin reduces the digestibility of ruminant feed up to 67%.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cortés
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, México, Distrito Federal 04510, México
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