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Zhang X, Xu T, Wang X, Geng Y, Zhao N, Hu L, Liu H, Kang S, Xu S. Effect of Dietary Protein Levels on Dynamic Changes and Interactions of Ruminal Microbiota and Metabolites in Yaks on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:684340. [PMID: 34434174 PMCID: PMC8381366 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.684340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve performance and optimize rumen function in yaks (Bos grunniens), further knowledge on the appropriate dietary protein levels for ruminal microbiota and the metabolite profiles of yaks in feedlot feeding is necessary. Current understanding of dietary protein requirements, ruminal microbiota, and metabolites is limited. In this study, yaks were fed a low-protein diet (L; 9.64%), middle low-protein diet (ML; 11.25%), middle high-protein diet (MH; 12.48%), or a high-protein diet (H; 13.87%), and the effects of those diets on changes and interactions in ruminal microbiota and metabolites were investigated. Twenty-four female yaks were selected, and the effects on ruminal microbiota and metabolites were investigated using 16s rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS). Diets containing different protein levels changed the composition of the rumen bacterial community, the H group significantly reduced the diversity of ruminal microbiota (p < 0.05), and the number of shared amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) between the H group and the other three groups was lower, suggesting that the ruminal microbiota community fluctuated more with a high-protein diet. In rumen, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were the most abundant bacteria at the phylum level, and Bacteroidetes was significantly less abundant in the MH group than in the L and ML groups (p < 0.05). Prevotella_1, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group had the highest abundance at the genus level. Prevotellaceae was enriched in the low-protein groups, whereas Bacteroidales_BS11_gut_group was enriched in the high-protein groups. Rumen metabolite concentrations and metabolic patterns were altered by dietary protein levels: organic acid metabolites, antioxidant-related metabolites, and some plant-derived metabolites showed variation between the groups. Enrichment analysis revealed that significant changes were concentrated in six pathways, including the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and butanoate metabolism. Network analysis showed promotion or restraint relationships between different rumen microbiota and metabolites. Overall, the rumen function was higher in the MH group. This study provides a reference for appropriate dietary protein levels and improves understanding of rumen microbes and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoLing Zhang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - TianWei Xu
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - XunGang Wang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - YuanYue Geng
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - LinYong Hu
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - HongJin Liu
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - ShengPing Kang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - ShiXiao Xu
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
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Liu C, Wu H, Liu S, Chai S, Meng Q, Zhou Z. Dynamic Alterations in Yak Rumen Bacteria Community and Metabolome Characteristics in Response to Feed Type. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1116. [PMID: 31191470 PMCID: PMC6538947 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge about the relationships between ruminal bacterial communities and metabolite profiles in the yak rumen is limited. This is due to differences in the nutritional and metabolic features between yak and other ordinary cattle combined with difficulties associated with farm-based research and a lack of technical guidance. A comprehensive analysis of the composition and alterations in ruminal metabolites is required to advance the development of modern yak husbandry. In the current study, we characterized the effect of feed type on the ruminal fluid microbiota and metabolites in yak using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant bacterial phyla in the yak rumen. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidales BS11 gut group, Prevotellaceae UCG-003, Ruminococcaceae UCG-011, Bacteroidales RF16 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in the forage group compared to that in the concentrate group, while the concentrate group harbored higher proportions of Bacteroidales S24-7 group, Ruminococcaceae NK4A214, Succiniclasticum and Ruminococcus 2. Yak rumen metabolomics analysis combined with enrichment analysis revealed that feed type altered the concentrations of ruminal metabolites as well as the metabolic pattern, and significantly (P < 0.01) affected the concentrations of ruminal metabolites involved in protein digestion and absorption (e.g., L-arginine, ornithine, L-threonine, L-proline and β-alanine), purine metabolism (e.g., xanthine, hypoxanthine, deoxyadenosine and deoxyadenosine monophosphate) and fatty acid biosynthesis (e.g., stearic acid, myristic acid and arachidonic acid). Correlation analysis of the association of microorganisms with metabolite features provides us with a comprehensive understanding of the composition and function of microbial communities. Associations between utilization or production were widely identified between affected microbiota and certain metabolites, and these findings will contribute to the direction of future research in yak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shujie Liu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shatuo Chai
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Qingxiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zhenming Zhou
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Romero JJ, Zarate MA, Ogunade IM, Arriola KG, Adesogan AT. Tropical plant supplementation effects on the performance and parasite burden of goats. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 31:208-217. [PMID: 28728358 PMCID: PMC5767502 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective Examine the effects of supplementing bahiagrass hay (BG) with potentially anthelmintic quantities of hays of perennial peanut (PEA) or sericea lespedeza (LES) or seeds of velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens L.; MUC) or papaya (PAP) on the intake and nutritive value (Experiment 1), and the performance and parasite burden (Experiment 2) of goats. Methods In Experiment 1, 38 male goats (27.4±5.7 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to each of 5 treatments: i) BG alone and BG plus; ii) PEA; iii) LES; iv) MUC; and v) PAP. Goats were fed for ad libitum consumption and adapted to the diets for 14 d followed by 7 d of measurement. The PEA, LES, MUC (50%, 50%, and 10% of the diet dry matter [DM], respectively), and PAP (forced-fed at 10 g/d) were fed at rates that would elicit anthelmintic effects. In Experiment 2, goats remained in the same treatments but were allocated to 15 pens (3 pens per treatment) from d 22 to 63. All goats were infected with parasites by grazing an infected bahiagrass pasture from 0800 to 1500 h daily and then returned to the pens. Results Dry matter intake tended to be greater in goats fed PEA and LES than those fed BG (757 and 745 vs 612 g/d, respectively). Digestibility of DM (59.5% vs 54.9%) and organic matter (60.8% vs 56.0%) were greater in goats fed MUC vs BG, respectively. In Experiment 2, feeding PAP, LES, and PEA to goats reduced nematode fecal egg counts by 72%, 52%, and 32%, reduced abomasal adult worm counts by 78%, 52%, and 42%, and decreased plasma haptoglobin concentrations by 42%, 40%, and 45% relative to feeding BG alone, respectively. Conclusion Supplementation with PEA, LES, and PAP decreased the parasite burden of goats but did not increase their performance. PAP was the most effective anthelmintic supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Romero
- Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.,Animal and Veterinary Sciences, School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Miguel A Zarate
- Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Ibukun M Ogunade
- Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.,Division of Food and Animal Science, Kentucky State University, Frankfort, KY, 40601, USA
| | - Kathy G Arriola
- Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Adegbola T Adesogan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
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Loyra-Tzab E, Sarmiento-Franco LA, Sandoval-Castro CA, Santos-Ricalde RH. Nutrient Digestibility and Metabolizable Energy Content of Mucuna pruriens Whole Pods Fed to Growing Pelibuey Lambs. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:981-6. [PMID: 25049876 PMCID: PMC4093502 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and in vivo metabolizable energy supply of Mucuna pruriens whole pods fed to growing Pelibuey lambs was investigated. Eight Pelibuey sheep housed in metabolic crates were fed increasing levels of Mucuna pruriens pods: 0 (control), 100 (Mucuna100), 200 (Mucuna200) and 300 (Mucuna300) g/kg dry matter. A quadratic (p<0.002) effect was observed for dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fibre (aNDF), nitrogen (N) and gross energy (GE) intakes with higher intakes in the Mucuna100 and Mucuna200 treatments. Increasing M. pruriens in the diets had no effect (p>0.05) on DM and GE apparent digestibility (p<0.05). A linear reduction in N digestibility and N retention was observed with increasing mucuna pod level. This effect was accompanied by a quadratic effect (p<0.05) on fecal-N and N-balance which were higher in the Mucuna100 and Mucuna200 treatments. Urine-N excretion, GE retention and dietary estimated nutrient supply (metabolizable protein and metabolizable energy) were not affected (p>0.05). DM, N and GE apparent digestibility coefficient of M. pruriens whole pods obtained through multiple regression equations were 0.692, 0.457, 0.654 respectively. In vivo DE and ME content of mucuna whole pod were estimated in 11.0 and 9.7 MJ/kg DM. It was concluded that whole pods from M. pruriens did not affect nutrient utilization when included in an mixed diet up to 200 g/kg DM. This is the first in vivo estimation of mucuna whole pod ME value for ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Loyra-Tzab
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 carretera, Mérida-Xmatkuil. Apdo 4-116 Itzimna, 97100. Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Luis Armando Sarmiento-Franco
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 carretera, Mérida-Xmatkuil. Apdo 4-116 Itzimna, 97100. Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alfredo Sandoval-Castro
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 carretera, Mérida-Xmatkuil. Apdo 4-116 Itzimna, 97100. Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Ronald Herve Santos-Ricalde
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 carretera, Mérida-Xmatkuil. Apdo 4-116 Itzimna, 97100. Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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Performance of Mashona doelings supplemented with different levels of velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens L. DC. var. utilis) seed meal. Trop Anim Health Prod 2014; 46:901-4. [PMID: 24756463 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-014-0578-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of feeding increasing levels of velvet bean seed meal (VBM; 0, 12, 24, and 36 %) on the performance of Mashona doelings. Dry matter intake was lower (P < 0.05) for the control diet compared to VBM diets, but linearly declined (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of VBM. Average daily weight gain was significantly different between experimental groups. Doelings' final live weights and average daily gains were slightly higher in control group than other three supplemented groups where they linearly declined (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of VBM. The cost per kilogram of feed, however, decreased with high inclusion level of VBM. Result suggested that high inclusion level of VBM negatively influenced the growth of young goats probably due to the presence of some anti-nutritional factors which needs further investigation.
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Garcia VADS, Cabral VF, Zanoelo ÉF, da Silva C, Filho LC. Extraction of Mucuna seed oil using supercritical carbon dioxide to increase the concentration of l-Dopa in the defatted meal. J Supercrit Fluids 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zhou H, Li M, Zi X, Xu T, Hou G. Nutritive Value of Several Tropical Legume Shrubs in Hainan Province of China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2011.1640.1648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Loyra-Tzab E, Sarmiento-Franco L, Sandoval-Castro C, Santos-Ricalde R. Nutrient digestibility and metabolizable energy content of Mucuna pruriens beans fed to growing Pelibuey lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Camacho L, Rojo R, Salem A, Mendoza G, López D, Tinoco J, Albarrán B, Montañez-Valdez O. In vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics and energy utilization of three Mexican tree fodder species during the rainy and dry period. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chikagwa-Malunga S, Adesogan A, Szabo N, Littell R, Phatak S, Kim S, Arriola K, Huisden C, Dean D, Krueger N. Nutritional characterization of Mucuna pruriens. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Chikagwa-Malunga S, Adesogan A, Sollenberger L, Badinga L, Szabo N, Littell R. Nutritional characterization of Mucuna pruriens. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chikagwa-Malunga S, Adesogan A, Sollenberger L, Phatak S, Szabo N, Kim S, Huisden C, Littell R. Nutritional characterization of Mucuna pruriens. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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