1
|
Flora MALD, da Silva Cardoso AJ, Hisano H. Growth, metabolism and digestibility of Nile tilapia fed diets with solvent and extrusion-treated Jatropha curcas cake. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1273-1283. [PMID: 36729277 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Physic nut Jatropha curcas cake/meal obtained after oil extraction has a high protein content, however, the presence of antinutrients (trypsin inhibitor, lectin and phytate) and toxic compounds (phorbol esters) limit their use as an alternative feedstuff. Thus, the detoxification process in cake/meal is necessary to allow their inclusion in fish diets. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of solvent and extrusion-treated jatropha cake (SETJC) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets on growth, body composition, nutrient utilization, metabolic and hematological responses, and digestibility of experimental diets. Five experimental diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (28.50% digestible protein) and isoenergetic (13.39 MJ/kg digestible energy) with graded levels of SETJC (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12%). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replicates. The detoxification treatments reduced the phorbol esters (PE) of jatropha cake by 96% (0.58 mg/g of PE before and 0.023 mg/g of PE after treatments). Increased levels of SETJC depressed growth, feed efficiency, and protein digestibility. A similar trend was observed for hematological and biochemistry parameters. Aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, as well as phosphorus and magnesium concentrations in the fillets, increased at the highest levels of SETJC. Thus, the data of the present study suggests that the residual content, different structural forms of phorbol ester and its biological activity, as well as some antinutritional factors, can influence negatively the growth, metabolism and digestibility of experimental diets for Nile tilapia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hamilton Hisano
- Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Rodovia SP 340, Km 127.5, 13918-110, C.P. 69, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oskoueian E, Oskoueian A, Shakeri M, Jahromi MF. Benefits and Challenges of Jatropha Meal as Novel Biofeed for Animal Production. Vet Sci 2021; 8:179. [PMID: 34564573 PMCID: PMC8472097 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8090179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Jatropha curcas L. has gained importance as a source of seed oil for biodiesel production. The meal contained about 60% protein with a good balance of essential amino acids, containing various bioactive compounds, including saponins, phytic acids, trypsin inhibitors, lectins, phenolics, and flavonoids, which render it as a potential biofeed for animal production. The Jatropha meal demonstrated various biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects which enhance its property as a bio-feed. The levels of these bioactive compounds in the seeds are dependent on the genotypes. The J. curcas possessed different varieties which are either toxic or non-toxic according to the presence of phorbol esters. The presence of phorbol esters in the meal confirmed the toxic variety of Jatropha resulting in the limited application of meal as a biofeed. The Jatropha meal devoid of phorbol esters could be applied as a biofeed in the animal production industry, and for the toxic varieties, various techniques such as physicochemical and biological treatments have been introduced to the industry to remove the phorbol esters from Jatropha meal. Several studies employing various cells and animals confirmed the toxicity of the phorbol esters. The molecular mechanism of action of phorbol esters is through up-regulation of PKC-β II gene, overexpression of down-stream proto-oncogenes resulted in inflammation and oxidative stress ending by apoptotic cell death. Despite the presence of valuable bioactive compounds in the Jatropha meal, its nutritional application is not recommended unless the phorbol esters are completely removed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Oskoueian
- Department of Research and Development, Arka Biotechnology Corporation, Mashhad 1696700, Iran; (A.O.); (M.F.J.)
| | - Arshin Oskoueian
- Department of Research and Development, Arka Biotechnology Corporation, Mashhad 1696700, Iran; (A.O.); (M.F.J.)
| | - Majid Shakeri
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Mohammad Faseleh Jahromi
- Department of Research and Development, Arka Biotechnology Corporation, Mashhad 1696700, Iran; (A.O.); (M.F.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yosri Kamel Emam A, Hamed Abd El-Rahman H, Ahmed Abd El-Fattah El-Nomeary Y, Ahmed Hanafy M, Mohamed Mahmoud AE. <i>In vitro </i> Evaluation and <i>in vivo</i> Digestibility of Physically, Chemically and Biologically Treated Jatropha Meal. Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 23:638-649. [PMID: 32363820 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.638.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Protein considered the second main nutrient in diet formulation for all types of animals after energy. Present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different treatments on the nutritive value of Jatropha meal (JM) by in vitro and in vivo trials as protein source in sheep diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, gas production and phorbol esters (PE) were recorded for physically, chemically and biologically treated Jatropha meal. In vivo digestibility was measured by using 24 Barki rams randomly assigned into 4 nutritional groups (6 animals/treatment) as follow: 1) control ration and in 2, 3 and 4 groups cotton seed meal replaced with 30, 45 and 60% heated Jatropha meal (HJM). RESULTS The various treatments raised DM (Dry matter), CP (Crude protein), NFE (Nitrogen free extract) and ash, whereas reduced OM (Organic matter), CF (Crude fiber) and EE (Ether extract) content in JM, the results of in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) have a significant height (p<0.01) for physical followed by the chemical and biological treatments. Otherwise high significant results (p<0.01) for gas production for different treatments was observed. The different treatments decreased the concentration of PE in JM than untreated. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that all treatments especially heat enhanced chemical composition, IVDMD of JM and gas production. Feeding values were better with the ratio 30 and 45%.
Collapse
|
4
|
Oskoueian E, Abdullah N, Noura R, Ebrahimi M, Ahmad S, Shakeri M. Mode of action of Jatropha curcas phorbol esters in bovine kidney cells. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
5
|
Fröschle M, Horn H, Spring O. Characterization of Jatropha curcas honeys originating from the southern highlands of Madagascar. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
6
|
Félix-Bernal JA, Estrada-Angulo A, Angulo-Escalante MA, Castro-Pérez BI, Landeros-López H, López-Soto MA, Barreras A, Zinn RA, Plascencia A. Feeding value of supplemental curcas crude oil in finishing diets for feedlot lambs. J Anim Sci 2017; 94:3875-3882. [PMID: 27898912 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to determine the feeding value of a mechanically extracted nontoxic variety of oil (JCO) as source of energy for feedlot lambs. Twenty Pelibuey × Katahdin lambs were individually fed a dry-rolled-corn-based finishing diet supplemented with 0%, 2%, 4%, or 6% JCO (diet dry matter basis). Supplemental JCO replaced dry rolled corn in the basal diet. Fatty acid composition of JCO was C16:0, 14.0%; C18:0, 8.2%; C18:1, 26.0%; C18:2, 50.3%, and C18:3, 0.4%. Daily intakes of JCO averaged 24.7, 51.1, and 77.3 g/day or 0.57, 1.08, and 1.62 g/kg LW for the 2%, 4%, and 6% levels of supplementation, respectively. Supplemental JCO did not affect ( = 0.33) dry matter intake (DMI), but tended to increase (linear effect, = 0.06) average daily gain, efficiency of gain (linear effect, < 0.01), and dietary net energy (linear effect, < 0.01) and decreased (linear effect, < 0.01) the ratio of observed/expected DMI. At low levels (20 g/kg diet dry matter) of supplementation, the net energy (NE) value of JCO corresponds closely (0.99) to the NE value assigned by current standards (), and this NE value decreased linearly as the inclusion level of JCO increased. There were not treatment effects on plasma metabolites. Across treatments, the concentrations of hemoglobin (11.64 ± 1.08 g/dL), hematocrit (39.15 ± 3.67%), glucose (85.2 ± 17.64 mg/dL), creatinine (1.43 ± 0.28 mg/dL), and urea (20.70 ± 4.35 mg/dL) were within normal (9-15 g/dL, 27%-40%, 50-90 mg/dL, 1.0-1.8 mg/dL, and 15-50 mg/dL, for hemoglobin, hematocrit, glucose, creatinine, and urea, respectively) ranges for healthy lambs. Based on DMI, performance and plasma metabolites observed in this study, nontoxic JCO is a suitable source of energy in finishing diets for lambs.
Collapse
|
7
|
Makkar HP. State-of-the-art on detoxification of Jatropha curcas products aimed for use as animal and fish feed: A review. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Barros CR, Rodrigues MAM, Nunes FM, Kasuya MCM, Luz JMRD, Alves A, Ferreira LMM, Pinheiro V, Mourão JL. The Effect of Jatropha Curcas Seed Meal on Growth Performance and Internal Organs Development and Lesions in Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-635xspecialissuenutrition-poultryfeedingadditives001-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- CR Barros
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
| | - MAM Rodrigues
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
| | - FM Nunes
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
| | | | | | - A Alves
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
| | - LMM Ferreira
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
| | - V Pinheiro
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
| | - JL Mourão
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Risks for human and animal health related to the presence of phorbol esters in Jatropha kernel meal. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
10
|
Solubilization Behavior of Phorbol Esters from Jatropha Oil in Surfactant Micellar Solutions. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-015-1758-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
11
|
Nesseim TDT, Dieng A, Mergeai G, Ndiaye S, Hornick JL. Digestibility of solvent-treated Jatropha curcas kernel by broiler chickens in Senegal. Trop Anim Health Prod 2015; 47:1553-60. [PMID: 26255184 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0897-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Jatropha curcas is a drought-resistant shrub belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family. The kernel contains approximately 60 % lipid in dry matter, and the meal obtained after oil extraction could be an exceptional source of protein for family poultry farming, in the absence of curcin and, especially, some diterpene derivatives phorbol esters that are partially lipophilic. The nutrient digestibility of J. curcas kernel meal (JKM), obtained after partial physicochemical deoiling was thus evaluated in broiler chickens. Twenty broiler chickens, 6 weeks old, were maintained in individual metabolic cages and divided into four groups of five animals, according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design where deoiled JKM was incorporated into grinded corn at 0, 4, 8, and 12 % levels (diets 0, 4, 8, and 12 J), allowing measurement of nutrient digestibility by the differential method. The dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility of diets was affected to a low extent by JKM (85 and 86 % in 0 J and 81 % in 12 J, respectively) in such a way that DM and OM digestibility of JKM was estimated to be close to 50 %. The ether extract (EE) digestibility of JKM remained high, at about 90 %, while crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) digestibility were largely impacted by JKM, with values closed to 40 % at the highest levels of incorporation. J. curcas kernel presents various nutrient digestibilities but has adverse effects on CP and CF digestibility of the diet. The effects of an additional heat or biological treatment on JKM remain to be assessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Daniel Tamsir Nesseim
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agriculture, Département des Productions Animales, Université de Thiès, Km 3 route de Khombole BP A 296, Thiès, Sénégal. .,Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Département de Productions Animales, Université de Liège, 20 Boulevard de Colonster, 4000, Liège, Belgique.
| | - Abdoulaye Dieng
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agriculture, Département des Productions Animales, Université de Thiès, Km 3 route de Khombole BP A 296, Thiès, Sénégal.
| | - Guy Mergeai
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Département Phytotechnie Tropicale et Horticulture, Université de Liège, 2 Passage des déportés, 5030, Gembloux, Belgique.
| | - Saliou Ndiaye
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agriculture, Département des Productions Végétales, Université de Thiès, Km 3 route de Khombole BP A 296, Thiès, Sénégal.
| | - Jean-Luc Hornick
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Département de Productions Animales, Université de Liège, 20 Boulevard de Colonster, 4000, Liège, Belgique.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
da Silva L, Pereira O, Valadares Filho S, Ribeiro K, Valadares R, Silva T, Santos S. Intake, digestibility, and nitrogen efficiency in Holstein heifers fed treated jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) kernel cake. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
13
|
Nutrient intake, digestibility, and blood metabolites of goats fed diets containing processed jatropha meal. Trop Anim Health Prod 2013; 45:1563-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-013-0400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
14
|
Sharma SK, Singh H. A review on pharmacological significance of genus Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae). Chin J Integr Med 2012; 18:868-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-012-1267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|