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Elgiar TR, Lyman SN, Andron TD, Gratz L, Hallar AG, Horvat M, Vijayakumaran Nair S, O'Neil T, Volkamer R, Živković I. Traceable Calibration of Atmospheric Oxidized Mercury Measurements. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10706-10716. [PMID: 38850513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c02209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Most previous measurements of oxidized mercury were collected using a method now known to be biased low. In this study, a dual-channel system with an oxidized mercury detection limit of 6-12 pg m-3 was deployed alongside a permeation tube-based automated calibrator at a mountain top site in Steamboat Springs Colorado, USA, in 2021 and 2022. Permeation tubes containing elemental mercury and mercury halides were characterized via an International System of Units (SI)-traceable gravimetric method and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry before deployment in the calibrator. The dual-channel system recovered 97 ± 4 and 100 ± 8% (±standard deviation) of injected elemental mercury and HgBr2, respectively. Total Hg permeation rates and Hg speciation from the gravimetric method, the chromatography system, the dual-channel system, and an independent SI-traceable measurement method performed at the Jožef Stefan Institute laboratory were all comparable within the respective uncertainties of each method. These are the first measurements of oxidized mercury at low environmental concentrations that have been verified against an SI-traceable calibration system in field conditions while sampling ambient air, and they show that accurate, routinely calibrated oxidized mercury measurements are achievable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler R Elgiar
- Bingham Research Center, Utah State University, Vernal, Utah 84078, United States
| | - Seth N Lyman
- Bingham Research Center, Utah State University, Vernal, Utah 84078, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan ,Utah 84322, United States
| | - Teodor D Andron
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- JoŽef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Lynne Gratz
- Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202, United States
| | - A Gannet Hallar
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Milena Horvat
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- JoŽef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Sreekanth Vijayakumaran Nair
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- JoŽef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Trevor O'Neil
- Bingham Research Center, Utah State University, Vernal, Utah 84078, United States
| | - Rainer Volkamer
- Department of Chemistry & CIRES, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Igor Živković
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- JoŽef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
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Dillon JA, Stackhouse-Lawson KR, Thoma GJ, Gunter SA, Rotz CA, Kebreab E, Riley DG, Tedeschi LO, Villalba J, Mitloehner F, Hristov AN, Archibeque SL, Ritten JP, Mueller ND. Current state of enteric methane and the carbon footprint of beef and dairy cattle in the United States. Anim Front 2021; 11:57-68. [PMID: 34513270 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine A Dillon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - Greg J Thoma
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Stacey A Gunter
- Southern Plains Range Research Station, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Woodward, OK, USA
| | - C Alan Rotz
- Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ermias Kebreab
- Department of Animal Science, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David G Riley
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Luis O Tedeschi
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Juan Villalba
- Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Frank Mitloehner
- Department of Animal Science, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alexander N Hristov
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Shawn L Archibeque
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - John P Ritten
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Nathaniel D Mueller
- Department of Ecosystem Science & Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Hammond K, Crompton L, Bannink A, Dijkstra J, Yáñez-Ruiz D, O’Kiely P, Kebreab E, Eugène M, Yu Z, Shingfield K, Schwarm A, Hristov A, Reynolds C. Review of current in vivo measurement techniques for quantifying enteric methane emission from ruminants. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Moate PJ, Deighton MH, Williams SRO, Pryce JE, Hayes BJ, Jacobs JL, Eckard RJ, Hannah MC, Wales WJ. Reducing the carbon footprint of Australian milk production by mitigation of enteric methane emissions. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/an15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This review examines research aimed at reducing enteric methane emissions from the Australian dairy industry. Calorimeter measurements of 220 forage-fed cows indicate an average methane yield of 21.1 g methane (CH4)/kg dry matter intake. Adoption of this empirical methane yield, rather than the equation currently used in the Australian greenhouse gas inventory, would reduce the methane emissions attributed to the Australian dairy industry by ~10%. Research also indicates that dietary lipid supplements and feeding high amounts of wheat substantially reduce methane emissions. It is estimated that, in 1980, the Australian dairy industry produced ~185 000 t of enteric methane and total enteric methane intensity was ~33.6 g CH4/kg milk. In 2010, the estimated production of enteric methane was 182 000 t, but total enteric methane intensity had declined ~40% to 19.9 g CH4/kg milk. This remarkable decline in methane intensity and the resultant improvement in the carbon footprint of Australian milk production was mainly achieved by increased per-cow milk yield, brought about by the on-farm adoption of research findings related to the feeding and breeding of dairy cows. Options currently available to further reduce the carbon footprint of Australian milk production include the feeding of lipid-rich supplements such as cottonseed, brewers grains, cold-pressed canola, hominy meal and grape marc, as well as feeding of higher rates of wheat. Future technologies for further reducing methane emissions include genetic selection of cows for improved feed conversion to milk or low methane intensity, vaccines to reduce ruminal methanogens and chemical inhibitors of methanogenesis.
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Hammond K, Humphries D, Crompton L, Green C, Reynolds C. Methane emissions from cattle: Estimates from short-term measurements using a GreenFeed system compared with measurements obtained using respiration chambers or sulphur hexafluoride tracer. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Moate P, Deighton M, Ribaux B, Hannah M, Wales W, Williams S. Michaelis–Menten kinetics predict the rate of SF6 release from permeation tubes used to estimate methane emissions from ruminants. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jiao H, Dale A, Carson A, Murray S, Gordon A, Ferris C. Effect of concentrate feed level on methane emissions from grazing dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:7043-53. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-7979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Deighton MH, Williams SRO, Hannah MC, Eckard RJ, Boland TM, Wales WJ, Moate PJ. A modified sulphur hexafluoride tracer technique enables accurate determination of enteric methane emissions from ruminants. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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