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Ma B, Zhang F, Raza SHA, Wu Z, Su Q, Zhang Y, Wang Z, ALMatrafi TA, Aloufi BH, Ghamry HI, Shukry M, Hou S, Gui L. Palm kernel meal regulates the expression of genes involved in the amino acid metabolism in the liver of Tibetan sheep. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:333. [PMID: 39044234 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palm kernel meal (PKM) is a by-product of oil palm kernel after oil extraction, which is widely used in animal feeds due to its high energy content. This study aimed to investigate the impact of supplementing Tibetan sheep with PKM on their hepatic phenotype, oxidative stress and immune response. A total of 120 Tibetan lambs (Initial weight = 12.37 ± 0.92 kg) were randomly assigned into four groups: control group (C group, 0% PKM diet), low group (L group, 15% PKM diet), middle group (M group, 18% PKM diet), and high group (H group, 21% PKM diet) on a dry matter basis. The feeding experiment was performed for 130 d, including a 10 d adaption period. RESULTS Results showed that the level of GSH-Px were higher in the H and M groups than in the C and L groups (P < 0.05). The levels of IgM and TNF-α were higher in the M group when compared to those on the C group (P < 0.05). The level of IgA was significantly higher in the M group than in the H group (P < 0.05). Additionally, compared with the others groups, the hepatocytes in the M group displayed a radial arrangement, forming hepatic plates that were centered around the central vein. The transcriptome results revealed that proteasome 26 S subunit, ATPase 3 (PSMC3), proteasome 26 S subunit, ATPase 5 (PSMC5), proteasome 26 S subunit ubiquitin receptor, non-ATPase 4 (PSMD4), proteasome activator subunit 1 (PSME1), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase short/branched chain (ACADSB), enoyl-CoA hydratase, short chain 1 (ECHS1), serine dehydratase (SDS), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), and phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) were the hub genes regulating the amino acid metabolism in the liver. CONCLUSIONS In summary, dietary 18% PMK supplementation contributed to improve the hepatic phenotype, oxidative stress and immune response through regulating the expression of related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Ma
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengshuo Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512005, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenling Wu
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Quyangangmao Su
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyou Wang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Bandar Hamad Aloufi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba I Ghamry
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Shengzhen Hou
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsheng Gui
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China.
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Kumar CA, Kumar DS, Raja Kishore K, Venkata Seshaiah C, Narendranath D, Reddy PR. De-oiled palm kernel cake for stall-fed buffaloes: effect on milk constituents, nutrient digestibility, biochemical parameters, and rumen fermentation. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:184. [PMID: 35536280 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03187-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Palm kernel cake, the main by-product of the palm kernel oil extraction process, is a highly available and low-priced agro-industrial by-product. However, several concerns exist to arriving at a safe inclusion level, especially for buffaloes. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding de-oiled palm kernel cake (DPKC) to tropical buffaloes. In trial I, four fistulated Murrah buffaloes arranged in a 4 × 4 Latin square design were fed diets containing DPKC inclusions at 0, 15, 30, and 45% levels of compound feed to study their effects on rumen fermentation parameters. Trial II involves feeding twelve lactating buffaloes with DPKC inclusion levels at 0 or 15% of the compound feed to evaluate the effect of DPKC on the nutrient digestibility, serum biochemical constituents, rumen fermentation patterns, and lactation profile. The DPKC diets did not affect rumen pH, TCA-ppt nitrogen, and TVFA proportion; nevertheless, the NH3-N data revealed a decreased trend (P = 0.076). The acetate fraction decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with increased DPKC diets. Replacing the conventional protein sources with DPKC at a 15% level did not influence the nutrient intake and digestibility coefficients. No significant effects were observed for serum biochemical and mineral profiles of the lactating buffaloes fed the DPKC diet. Neither milk yield nor milk constituents (SNF, total solids, density, lactose, protein) were altered with the diets fed, except for milk fat%, which tended to increase (P = 0.092) on feeding DPKC diets. All the lactation parameters varied with time of collection, and diet × time interactions were noticed for fat, density, protein, 6% FCM yield, and butterfat yield. The feed efficiency tended to increase (P = 0.070) in the buffaloes fed DPKC diets. The profit margins were ₹6.07 and ₹1.63 for the DPKC included diets and feed cost per Kg 6% FCMY, respectively. In conclusion, the inclusion of DPKC in the diet decreases feed cost without affecting the nutrient intakes, digestibility coefficients, serum biochemical and mineral profile, and lactation parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Anil Kumar
- Department of Livestock Farm Complex, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - D Srinivas Kumar
- Department of Animal Nutrition, NTR CVSc, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, AP, India
| | - K Raja Kishore
- Department of Animal Nutrition, NTR CVSc, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, AP, India
| | - Ch Venkata Seshaiah
- Department of Livestock Farm Complex, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - D Narendranath
- Department of Poultry Science, NTR CVSc, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, AP, India
| | - P Ravikanth Reddy
- Animal Husbandry Department, Veterinary Dispensary, Taticherla, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Rezaeenia A, Naserian AA, Valizadeh R, Tahmasbi AM, Mokhtarpour A. Effect of dietary inclusion of date seed (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on intake, digestibility, milk production, and milk fatty acid profile of Holstein dairy cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:1427-1433. [PMID: 29582341 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to investigate the influence of ground date seed (GDS) on intake, digestibility, and milk yield and milk fatty acid (FA) composition of lactating Holstein cows. The experimental design was a 4 × 4 replicated Latin square with eight lactating dairy cows with an average milk production of 35.5 ± 1.5 kg and 75 ± 5 days in milk (DIM). Dairy cows were fed one of the four treatments contained 0, 2, 4, and 6% of diet dry matter (DM) GDS in replacement of wheat bran. All diets contained the same amount of forages (alfalfa hay and corn silage). Dietary treatments had no effect on DM intake (DMI), total tract apparent digestibility, milk yield, and milk composition. Increasing GDS linearly decreased concentration of C13:0 and increased cis-9 C14:1 and trans-11 C18:1 (vaccenic acid) (P < 0.05). A linear tendency for more C16:1 content in milk fat was observed with increasing GDS (P = 0.06). Feeding GDS resulted in a linear decrease (P < 0.01) in saturated FA (SFA) but increased milk fat monounsaturated FA (MUFA) and trans FA (TFA) (P < 0.05). Therefore, low levels of GDS (up to 6%) in the diet of Holstein dairy cows can beneficially modify milk FA composition without any adverse effects on intake, digestibility, and milk yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rezaeenia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A A Naserian
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - R Valizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A M Tahmasbi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Mokhtarpour
- Research Center of Special Domestic Animals, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
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Sharifi M, Bashtani M, Naserian AA, Farhangfar H. The Effect of increasing levels of date palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) seed on the performance, ruminal fermentation, antioxidant status and milk fatty acid profile of Saanen dairy goats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 101:e332-e341. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sharifi
- Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture; University of Birjand; Birjand Iran
| | - M. Bashtani
- Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture; University of Birjand; Birjand Iran
| | - A. A. Naserian
- Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - H. Farhangfar
- Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture; University of Birjand; Birjand Iran
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