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Hassan OGA, El-Garhy GM, Kholif AE, Mousa GA. Wheat germ meal replaces cottonseed meal at different levels in diets of Ossimi lambs: Impact on growth performance, feed utilization and economic efficiency. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:806-815. [PMID: 38311826 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
This experiment aimed to evaluate the replacement of cottonseed meal (CSM) with wheat germ meal (WGM) in diets of growing lambs on feed utilization and growth performance. Twenty-eight Ossimi male lambs (38 ± 0.8 kg weight), and 180 ± 5 days were divided randomly into four experimental groups in a complete randomized design for 105 days. Cottonseed meal was replaced with WGM at 0 (WGM0 treatment), 50 (WGM50 treatment), 75 (WGM75 treatment) and 100% (WGM100 treatment). The chemical analysis of the total essential and non-essential amino acids showed an increase at the WGM diet compared to CSM. The replacement of CSM with WGM linearly and quadratically improved (p ˂ 0.05) lambs' growth performance and feed conversion. The WGM50 and WGM100 treatments lowered (p ˂ 0.05) feed intake, without affecting nutrient digestibility or diets' nutritive. Feeding WGM increased (p ˂ 0.05) total protein, albumin, and urea-N concentrations in blood of lambs. The WGM100 treatment showed the highest relative percentage of net revenue compared to the other treatments. It is concluded that the complete replacement of CSM with WGM showed positive effects on lambs' performance and economic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola G A Hassan
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Gamal M El-Garhy
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Kholif
- Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal A Mousa
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Chitambala T, Ny V, Ceacero F, Bartoň L, Bureš D, Kotrba R, Needham T. Effects of Immunocastration and Amino Acid Supplementation on Yearling Fallow Deer ( Dama dama) Testes Development. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:115. [PMID: 38200846 PMCID: PMC10778327 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Forty-four fallow deer bucks (10 months old; 22.9 ± 2.4 kg) were utilized to investigate the effects of immunocastration and amino acid supplementation on testes development. Immunocastrated bucks were administered Improvac® at weeks 1, 8, and 20 of this study (control group: intact males). Starting at week 8, half of each sex received rumen-protected lysine and methionine (3:1) supplementation. At slaughter (week 37/39), body size, internal fat deposits, antler size parameters, testes weight, testes surface color, cauda epididymal sperm viability and morphology, and seminiferous tubule circumference and epithelium thickness were determined. Animals with larger body sizes, greater forequarter development, and antler growth also had greater testes development. Whilst the result of immunocastration on testes size is unexpected, testes tissue showed impaired development (atrophied seminiferous tubules), decreased sperm viability, and normal morphology. Testes tissue from immunocastrated deer was less red, possibly indicating reduced blood supply. Conversely, amino acid supplementation increased testes' redness and sperm viability, and intact males fed amino acids showed the greatest seminiferous tubule development. Thus, immunocastration may be a welfare-friendly alternative for venison production. Whilst the results support findings from the literature that testes size is not a reliable indicator of immunocastration success, this warrants further investigation in deer over different physiological development stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoniso Chitambala
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.C.); (V.N.); (F.C.); (R.K.)
| | - Veit Ny
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.C.); (V.N.); (F.C.); (R.K.)
- Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, 10400 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Francisco Ceacero
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.C.); (V.N.); (F.C.); (R.K.)
| | - Luděk Bartoň
- Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, 10400 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniel Bureš
- Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, 10400 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Kotrba
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.C.); (V.N.); (F.C.); (R.K.)
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, 10400 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tersia Needham
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.C.); (V.N.); (F.C.); (R.K.)
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Liao Z, Han X, Wang Y, Shi J, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Zhang L, Jiang M, Liu M. Differential Metabolites in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4191. [PMID: 37836475 PMCID: PMC10574084 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Many studies have attempted to utilize metabolomic approaches to explore potential biomarkers for the early detection of osteoarthritis (OA), but consistent and high-level evidence is still lacking. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of differential small molecule metabolites between OA patients and healthy individuals to screen promising candidates from a large number of samples with the aim of informing future prospective studies. (2) Methods: We searched the EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Wan Fang Data, VIP Date, and CNKI up to 11 August 2022, and selected relevant records based on inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. We performed qualitative synthesis by counting the frequencies of changing directions and conducted meta-analyses using the random effects model and the fixed-effects model to calculate the mean difference and 95% confidence interval. (3) Results: A total of 3798 records were identified and 13 studies with 495 participants were included. In the 13 studies, 132 kinds of small molecule differential metabolites were extracted, 58 increased, 57 decreased and 17 had direction conflicts. Among them, 37 metabolites appeared more than twice. The results of meta-analyses among four studies showed that three metabolites increased, and eight metabolites decreased compared to healthy controls (HC). (4) Conclusions: The main differential metabolites between OA and healthy subjects were amino acids (AAs) and their derivatives, including tryptophan, lysine, leucine, proline, phenylalanine, glutamine, dimethylglycine, citrulline, asparagine, acetylcarnitine and creatinine (muscle metabolic products), which could be potential biomarkers for predicting OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqi Liao
- Medical Experimental Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xu Han
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
| | - Yuhe Wang
- Medical Experimental Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jingru Shi
- Medical Experimental Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yuanyue Zhang
- Medical Experimental Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Medical Experimental Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- National Data Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
| | - Miao Jiang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
| | - Meijie Liu
- Medical Experimental Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
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Ny V, Needham T, Bartoň L, Bureš D, Kotrba R, Musa AS, Ceacero F. Effects of immunocastration and supplementary feeding level on the performance and blood biochemical markers of farmed yearling fallow deer (Dama dama). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:1158-1166. [PMID: 36707928 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In cervids, blood biochemical markers may reflect changes in various physiological and environmental factors, especially in response to changes in metabolism following nutrient supplementation or the manipulation of hormone production. Decreasing androgen production through immunocastration (IC) to ease the husbandry of male animals is currently a more ethically acceptable method than physical castration, but its commercial use is unexplored in fallow deer. Forty yearlings male fallow deer were grouped into four treatment combinations: IC on high (200 g commercial pellets + 600 g concentrate mixture of 90% oats and 10% wheat grains) or low (100 g commercial pellets + 300 g concentrate mixture of 90% oats and 10% wheat grains) level of feed supplementation, or noncastrated bucks on a high or low level of feed supplementation. Immunocastrated animals were vaccinated at the start of the study (Week 1) and again during Week 3 of the study. Diet affected all body growth parameters (slaughter weight, daily gain, carcass weight, dressing percentage and body condition score). Fallow deer from all treatments showed increasing concentrations of fat and energy blood biochemical markers over the study period, including plasma glucose (GLU) and triglyceride (TRIG), and decreased cholesterol (CHOL) and lipase (LIPA) concentrations. The higher level of supplementary feeding decreased plasma albumin (ALB) and creatinine (CREA), and increased globulin (GLOB) concentrations. On the other hand, IC and lower-level supplementation reduced growth performance. Overall, IC may be an interesting tool for welfare management of yearling stags for slaughter; however, the advantage appears to only be in well-fed animals, as low-level of feeding can further reduce growth performance in immunocastrated animals. Further studies should evaluate the carcass performance of animals under similar treatment conditions to ascertain the effects on muscle and fat yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veit Ny
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tersia Needham
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Bartoň
- Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Bureš
- Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Kotrba
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Abubakar S Musa
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Francisco Ceacero
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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