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Mirzaei A, Javidi M, Boostani A. The effect of progesterone injection combined with prostaglandineF2α, GnRH and hCG administrations on the pregnancy and lambing rate of lactating and non-lactating fat-tailed ewes during the breeding season. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:307-313. [PMID: 36336797 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to compare the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on the pregnancy and lambing rate of treated ewes with a short-term progesterone (P4) injection during the breeding season. In Exp 1, non-lactating ewes (n = 158) were used and received P4 , three times every 48 h and received PGF2α along with the last dose of P4. Ewe received hCG (n = 79, 3PHCG, IM) or GnRH (n = 79, 3PGnRH, IM) 24 h after the last dose of P4 treatment. In the Exp 2, lactating ewes (n = 62) received P4 and hCG (n = 24, 3PHCG) or GnRH (n = 24, 3PGnRH) similar to Exp 1, or considered as control (n = 14) and received PGF2α 48 h before ram release. Rams were released into the studied ewe's flock 24 h after the hCG or GnRH administration, and pregnancy diagnosis was performed on day 50 after ram release. In Exp 1, all reproductive indices were not significant between groups except twin lambing rate, that was higher in the 3PHCG (11.3%) compared with the 3PGnRH (1.9%) group (p = .05). There were no significant differences in overall pregnancy and lambing rates between 3PHCG (70.9% and 67.1%) and 3PGnRH (69.6% and 68.4%) groups (p > .05). In Exp 2, all reproductive parameters were not significant between 3PHCG and 3PGnRH groups (p > .05). There was significant difference in overall oestrous rate between control (35.7%) and treatment (3PHCG, 70.9% and 3PGnRH, 79.2%) groups. To conclude, administration of GnRH can be a good alternative to hCG injection under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolah Mirzaei
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javidi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alidad Boostani
- Department of Animal Science Research, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
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Dehkordi RS, Mirzaei A, Boostani A. Reproductive efficiency of treated Karakul ewes with short-term progesterone and hCG injections during the non-breeding and breeding seasons. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 239:106969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.106969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cosentino IO, Balaro MFA, Silva PMD, Taira AR, Santos JDR, Ribeiro ACS, Figueiredo BRRD, Costa MMCPD, Vieira BR, Brandão FZ. Influence of eCG and reproductive management in the resynchronization of ovulation in dairy goats. Anim Reprod 2022; 19:e20210112. [PMID: 36156881 PMCID: PMC9484398 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2021-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Resynchronization protocols have been proposed as a way of shortening females’ unproductive time in the flock, with good results in cattle and sheep. In goats, initial studies have shown that a second progestogen device inserted before luteolysis and pregnancy diagnosis does not interfere with the corpus luteum lifespan or functionality. This study aimed to evaluate the follicular growth, ovulation pattern and pregnancy rate after insertion of a second and new progestogen device for resynchronizing, with or without equine Chorionic Gonadotrophin (eCG), submitted to natural mating (NM) or artificial insemination (AI) to propose a viable resynchronization protocol for dairy goats. A total of 38 multiparous Saanen goats underwent a short-term progesterone protocol [six days exposed to medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) intravaginal sponges + 200 IU eCG and 0.12 mg of cloprostenol sodium on the 5th day + 0.025 mg of lecirelin 34 hours after sponge withdrawal] and, on day 16th after the ovulation, received a new MAP device which was retained until day 21. At this moment females were split into four groups: GeCG+NM – 100 IU eCG with NM; GSal+NM – saline solution with NM; GeCG+AI – 100 IU eCG with AI; and GSal+AI – saline solution with AI. Ultrasound scans were performed every 12 h from sponge withdrawal (day 21) until 108 h after sponge withdrawal (day 25) for follicular dynamics evaluation, at 240 h (day 31) for assessing the presence of active corpus luteum, and on day 60 for pregnancy diagnosis. No differences were found regarding ovulation time, synchronization and follicle size. However, GeCG+NM presented a greater estrus manifestation rate (100%) and pregnancy rate (62.5%) when compared to GSal+AI. In conclusion, resynchronization protocols in dairy goats may present satisfactory results.
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Rodrigues JND, Guimarães JD, Oliveira MEF, Dias JH, Arrais AM, de Sousa MAP, Bastos R, Ahmadi B, Bartlewski PM, Fonseca JF. Human chorionic gonadotropin affects original (ovulatory) and induced (accessory) corpora lutea, progesterone concentrations, and pregnancy rates in anestrous dairy goats. Reprod Biol 2021; 22:100591. [PMID: 34864544 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted in acyclic Alpine (A) and Saanen (S) goats that received intravaginal sponges containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate for 6 days, as well as 200 IU of eCG and 30 μg d-cloprostenol i.m. 24 h before sponge removal. On day 7 (day 0 = onset of synchronized estrus), all goats were randomly divided into two groups: animals treated with 300 IU of hCG i.m. (hCG; Exp.1: n = 8A; Exp.2: n = 75A + S) and untreated controls (Control; Exp.1: n = 8A; Exp. 2: n = 70A + S). In Exp.2, all goats were artificially inseminated. Transrectal ovarian ultrasonography and blood collection were done on days 7, 10, 13, 17, and 21 (Exp.1), and pregnancy detection on day 60 (Exp.2). Estrus and ovulations occurred in five hCG and seven Control animals. Accessory CL (aCL) were detected in all hCG does. The total luteal area of ovulatory corpora lutea (oCL) increased (P < 0.05) on day 10 in hCG does and remained greater (P < 0.05) than in Control until day 21. Total and high-velocity color Doppler area were greater (P < 0.05) for oCL of hCG does on days 13 and 17. Progesterone concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) in hCG does from days 13 to 21 and related directly to the total luteal and oCL area for the duration of the study in all does. The pregnancy rate was higher (P < 0.05) in hCG than in Control by 22.5 %. Human chorionic gonadotropin given on day 7 of the synchronized estrous cycle positively affected CL function and pregnancy rates in seasonally anovular dairy goats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Domingos Guimarães
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, CEP 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 04, CP 145, CEP 62010-970, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Jenniffer Hauschildt Dias
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, CEP 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Aline Matos Arrais
- Departamento de Reprodução e Avaliação Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rodovia BR 465, Km7, s/n, CEP 23890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Paula de Sousa
- Instituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, CEP 68746-360, Castanhal, PA, Brazil
| | - Rosemary Bastos
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, n° 2000, CEP 28013-642, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bahareh Ahmadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Pawel Mieczyslaw Bartlewski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jeferson Ferreira Fonseca
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 04, CP 145, CEP 62010-970, Sobral, CE, Brazil.
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Luteogenesis and Embryo Implantation Are Enhanced by Exogenous hCG in Goats Subjected to an Out-of-Season Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination Protocol. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050429. [PMID: 34065974 PMCID: PMC8150804 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of two doses of hCG (100 and 300 IU) applied at two different times (7 and 14 d) after a fixed-time artificial insemination protocol (FTAI) upon some variables involved in the embryonic implantation rate in goats during the natural deep anestrous season (April, 25° north). The experimental units considered crossbred, multiparous, anovulatory goats (n = 69, Alpine, Saanen, Nubian x Criollo), with average body weight (43.6 ± 5.7 kg) and body condition score (1.86 ± 0.28 units) located in northern-semiarid Mexico (25° N, 103° W). Once the goat's anestrus status was confirmed, goats were subjected to an estrus induction protocol. Upon estrus induction confirmation, goats (n = 61) were subjected to a FTAI procedure. Immediately after the FTAI, the goats were randomly distributed to five experimental groups: (1). G100-7 (n = 13) 100 IU, hCG 7 d post-FTAI, (2). G100-14 (n = 12) 100 IU hCG, 14 d post-FTAI, (3). G300-7 (n = 12) 300 IU, hCG, 7 d post-FTAI, (4). G300-14 (n = 12) 300 IU hCG 14 d post-FTAI, and (5). Control group, CONT (n = 12) 0.5 mL saline, 7 and 14 d post-FTAI. The response variables conception rate (39.36 ± 0.23), fertility rate (27.96%), prolificacy rate (1.1 ± 0.29 kids), ovulation rate (0.74 ± 0.20 corpus luteum) corpus luteum diameter (10.15 ± 0.59 mm), embryo number (1.58 ± 0.20), and embryo implantation rate (48.96%), did not differ between treatments. However, while the variables fecundity rate (67%), embryo efficiency index-1 (33.99 ± 0.20%), and embryo efficiency index-2 (27.94 ± 0.30%) were favored by the G300-14 treatment, the corpus luteum area was favored (p < 0.05) by both G300-7 (113.30 ± 0.19 mm2) and G300-14 (103.04 ± 0.17 mm2). Such reproductive strategy emerges as an interesting approach, not only to enhance the out-of-season reproductive outcomes, but also to boost one of the main rulers defining the global reproductive efficiency of a heard, namely, the embryo implantation efficiency.
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Does Size Matters? Relationships among Social Dominance and Some Morphometric Traits upon Out-of-Season Reproductive Outcomes in Anestrus Dairy Goats Treated with P4 + eCG. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110354. [PMID: 33114387 PMCID: PMC7693818 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The possible role of the social rank (R) (i.e., low-LSR, middle-MSR, or high-HSR) in anestrus goats exposed to a P4 + eCG (D) (i.e., 100 or 350 IU) estrus induction protocol (EIP) upon some reproductive response variables was evaluated. Results confirmed that the high social ranked goats amalgamated some fundamental factors to be successful: augmented live weight and corporal measurements, aggressiveness, primacy to food access, and enhanced reproductive outcomes. Such morphometric, behavioral, growth-related, and reproductive advantages shown by the HSR-goats gave evidence to emphasize the need to better comprehend the biological foundation of relevant animal traits, and to be able to define future balanced management and breeding programs. While we still have a fragmentary knowledge regarding the role that social rank, live weight, and morphometric traits play in reproductive success, this study contributes to understanding how social dominance, aligned to morphological and growth related traits, modulates and even determines out-of-season reproductive success. Abstract The possible role of the social rank (R) (i.e., low-LSR, middle-MSR, or high-HSR) in anestrus goats exposed to a P4 + eCG (D) (i.e., 100 or 350 IU) estrus induction protocol (EIP) was evaluated. Goats (Alpine-Saanen-Nubian × Criollo; n = 70; 25° North) managed under stall-fed conditions were all ultrasound evaluated to confirm anestrous status, while the social rank was determined 30 d prior to the EIP. The response variables included estrus induction (EI, %), duration of estrus (DUR, h), ovulation rate (OR, n), live weight (LW, kg), thoracic perimeter (TP, cm), thoracic diameter (TD, cm), body length (BL, cm), height at withers (HW, cm), beard length (BEA, cm), compactness index (COM, cm), and anamorphosis index (ANA, cm), as affected by R, D, and the R × D interaction were evaluated, while the correlation coefficients among reproductive and morphometric variables were quantified. An R × D interaction (p < 0.05) affected the response variables EI, DUR, and OR. While the largest (p < 0.05) EI% occurred in the HSR goats, irrespective of eCG (i.e., 100 or 350 IU), both the shortest estrus duration (DUR, h) and the lowest ovulation rate (OR, n) occurred in the LSR + D100 combination, with no differences among HSR and MSR either with D100 or D350. Regarding the LW and morphometric response variables, (i.e., LW, TP, TD, BL, HW, BEA, COM, and ANA) all of them favored either the HSR and MSR groups, with the lowest phenotypic values occurring in the LSR-goats. The EI% was observed to be positively correlated (p < 0.05) with DUR (0.71), LW (0.28), TP (0.31), TD (0.34), BL (0.33), HW (0.35), COM (0.23), and ANA (0.23). While DUR was correlated (p < 0.05) with TP (0.26) and ANA (0.24), OR demonstrated no-correlation (p > 0.05) with any response variable, either reproductive or morphometric. As expected, LW had high correlation coefficients (p < 0.01) with TP (0.86), TD (0.88), BL (0.82), HW (0.75), BEA (0.51), COM (0.97), and ANA (0.75). In general, the morphometric variables as a whole demonstrated important correlation coefficients among them (p < 0.01), ranging from 0.38 up to 0.84. To estimate the importance of the morphometric differences between social rank upon estrus induction, a principal component (PC) analysis was performed based on the correlation matrix derived from the corporal measurements. The PC1 and PC2 explained 70.3% and 17.6% of the morphometric variation, respectively. The PC1 was a measure of the goat size (i.e., small, medium, large) and its association with estrus occurrence was evaluated using a logistic regression model; the bigger the goat, the increased probability of being in estrus, by up to five times compared to small goats. Our results confirm that the higher social ranked, larger goats amalgamated some fundamental factors to be successful: aggressiveness, primacy to food access, augmented live weight, and corporal size; all of these were able to modulate out-of-season reproductive success in crossbred dairy goats subjected to an estrus induction protocol and managed under stall-fed conditions in Northern Mexico.
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Ovarian activity in dairy Saanen goats subjected to a short-term ovulation induction protocol and a single injection of lecirelin (GnRH analog) given 28 h or 34 h after progestin pre-treatment. Small Rumin Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Véliz-Deras FG, Meza-Herrera CA, Mellado M, Contreras-Villarreal V, Gaytán-Alemán LR, Guillén-Muñoz JM. The Effect of P4 + eCG Estrus Induction Protocol during the Deep and the Transition Anestrous Period on the Reproductive Performance of Crossbred Dairy Goats. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9100311. [PMID: 32987953 PMCID: PMC7600110 DOI: 10.3390/biology9100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The effect of an ultra-short progesterone (P4) plus equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) based estrus induction protocol during deep seasonal anestrous, or the reproductive transition period upon reproductive performance in an arid environment (26° N) was assessed. Results confirm a multidimensional response of goats regarding the effectiveness of P4 + eCG estrus induction protocols, mainly modulated by a specific time within the anestrous season (June) or even by specific management or a particular environment at herd level (herd 1 in this study), although, it is quite remarkably non–dependent on the animal’s body weight or body condition score. Abstract Seasonal reproduction restricts the offering of goat commodities across the year. Therefore, it is crucial to improve diverse strategies to induce the reproductive response in goats during the anestrus stage. The effectiveness of a short P4 + eCG-based estrus induction protocol during both the deep anestrous (March) or the reproductive transition period (June) upon the reproductive performance of crossbred dairy goats was assessed. Adult, anestrous, 24–30-month- old dairy crossbred (Saanen–Alpine–Nubian × Criollo) goats (n = 123) from two commercial herds and 10 sexually active goat bucks were used. Before the trials, the anestrous status of goats was confirmed. Then, goats were randomly allocated into two different experiments. In Exp. 1, we tested the effect of different doses (D) of intramuscular progesterone (P4; 10 or 20 mg + eCG (100 UI)) and type of breeding (TB), natural mating (NM), or artificial insemination (AI), on two commercial goat herds (H1 & H2), in March (deep anestrous). In Exp. 2, we evaluated the effect of D (P4; 10 or 20 mg + 100 UI eCG) in goats subjected to NM, and either during deep anestrous (March; M) or transitional anestrous (June; J), in two commercial herds. After breeding, conception and pregnancy were diagnosed with ultrasound scanning. The response variables were estrus induction (EI; %), estrus latency (EL; h), ovulation (OVP; %), ovulation rate (OR; units), fertility (FERT; %), and pregnancy (PREG; %). No differences (p > 0.05) in live weight (LW) and body condition score (BCS) occurred between herds in both trials. In Exp. 1, EI, EL, OVP, OR, FERT, and PREG were affected (p < 0.05) by the H–TB–D interaction, whereas in H1 + P4–20 combination had the highest (p < 0.05) EI, EL, and OVP values. Irrespective of TB, H1 had the largest (p < 0.05) OR, independently of TB or D. Also, the lowest (p < 0.05) OVP occurred in the AI + P4–10 group, while the AI had the lowest (p < 0.05) FERT, irrespective of D. FERT and PREG were two-fold higher (p < 0.05) in NM compared with AI. In Exp. 2, EI, EL, OVP, OR, FERT, and PREG were affected (p < 0.05) by the H–M–D interaction. In general, H2 + P4–10 had the lowest (p < 0.05) reproductive outcomes in March, whereas H1 had the largest (p < 0.05) values in either month. No differences (p > 0.05) between P4 doses occurred for EI, OVP, OR, FERT, and PREG. Yet, the largest (p < 0.05) EL occurred with P4–20 in June. No correlations (p > 0.05) occurred between LW and all the reproductive variables. BCS was positively correlated (p < 0.05) with EI (0.34), OVP (0.44), OR (0.58), and PREG (0.20). Also, positive correlations (p < 0.05) occurred between EI with EL (0.83), OVP (0.80), OR (0.64), and PREG (0.56); EL with OVP (0.58), OR (0.44), and PREG (0.42); OVP with OR (0.79) and PREG (0.70), as well as OR and PREG (0.63). Results of these studies confirm a multidimensional response regarding the effectiveness of P4 + eCG for estrus induction in goats mainly modulated by a specific time within the anestrous season, or even by specific management or a particular environment at the herd level (H1), although quite remarkably independent of the animal’s LW or BCS at herd level. Moreover, the best reproductive outcomes occurred with NM in June. The most reproductive variables were similar using either 10 or 20 mg P4 + 100 IU eCG, giving the possibility to lessen the scale in the use of exogenous hormones while obtaining acceptable out of season reproductive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco G. Véliz-Deras
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón 27054, Coahuila, Mexico; (F.G.V.-D.); (M.M.); (V.C.-V.); (L.R.G.-A.)
| | - César A. Meza-Herrera
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Bermejillo, Durango 35230, Mexico;
| | - Miguel Mellado
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón 27054, Coahuila, Mexico; (F.G.V.-D.); (M.M.); (V.C.-V.); (L.R.G.-A.)
| | - Viridiana Contreras-Villarreal
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón 27054, Coahuila, Mexico; (F.G.V.-D.); (M.M.); (V.C.-V.); (L.R.G.-A.)
| | - Leticia R. Gaytán-Alemán
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón 27054, Coahuila, Mexico; (F.G.V.-D.); (M.M.); (V.C.-V.); (L.R.G.-A.)
| | - Juan M. Guillén-Muñoz
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón 27054, Coahuila, Mexico; (F.G.V.-D.); (M.M.); (V.C.-V.); (L.R.G.-A.)
- Correspondence: or
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Zuñiga-Garcia S, Meza-Herrera CA, Mendoza-Cortina A, Otal-Salaverri J, Perez-Marin C, Lopez-Flores NM, Carrillo E, Calderon-Leyva G, Gutierrez-Guzman UN, Veliz-Deras FG. Effect of Social Rank upon Estrus Induction and Some Reproductive Outcomes in Anestrus Goats Treated With Progesterone + eCG. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1125. [PMID: 32630701 PMCID: PMC7401613 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the possible role of the social rank [R] (i.e., low-LSR, middle-MSR, or high-HSR) in anestrus goats exposed to a P4 + eCG [D] (i.e., 100 or 350 IU) estrus induction protocol (EIP). Adult, multiparous (two to three lactations), multiracial, dairy-type goats (Alpine-Saanen-Nubian x Criollo goats (n = 70; 25°51' North) managed under stall-fed conditions were all ultrasound evaluated to confirm anestrus status while the R was determined 30 d prior to the EIP. The variables of estrus induction (EI, %), estrus latency (LAT, h), estrus duration (DUR, h), ovulation (OVU, %), ovulation rate (OR, n), corpus luteum size (CLS, cm), pregnancy (PREG, %), kidding (KIDD, %), and litter size (LS, n) as affected by R, D, and the R × D interaction, were evaluated. While OVU and CLS favored (p < 0.05) HSR (96% and + 1.04 ± 0.07 cm), an increased (p < 0.05) LS occurred in D350 vs. D100 (2.06 ± 0.2 vs. 1.36 ± 0.2); neither R nor D affected (p > 0.05; 38.5%) KIDD. However, EI, LAT, DUR, OR, and PREG were affected by the R × D interaction. The HSR group had the largest (p < 0.05) EI % and DUR h, irrespective of D. The shortest (p < 0.05) LAT occurred in D350, irrespective of R. While the largest (p < 0.05) OR occurred in HSR and MSR within D350, the HSR + D350 group had the largest PREG (p < 0.05). These research outcomes are central to defining out-of-season reproductive strategies designed to attenuate seasonal reproduction in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Zuñiga-Garcia
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico; (S.Z.-G.); (G.C.-L.)
| | - Cesar A. Meza-Herrera
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 35230 Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico; (C.A.M.-H.); (A.M.-C.); (N.M.L.-F.)
| | - Adela Mendoza-Cortina
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 35230 Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico; (C.A.M.-H.); (A.M.-C.); (N.M.L.-F.)
| | - Julio Otal-Salaverri
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Carlos Perez-Marin
- Instituto de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Noé M. Lopez-Flores
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 35230 Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico; (C.A.M.-H.); (A.M.-C.); (N.M.L.-F.)
- Instituto de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain;
| | | | - Guadalupe Calderon-Leyva
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico; (S.Z.-G.); (G.C.-L.)
| | - Ulises N. Gutierrez-Guzman
- Facultad de Agricultura y Zootecnia, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, 35111 Venecia, Durango, Mexico;
| | - Francisco G. Veliz-Deras
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico; (S.Z.-G.); (G.C.-L.)
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10
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Meza-Herrera CA, Romero-Rodríguez CA, Nevárez-Dominguez A, Flores-Hernández A, Cano-Villegas O, Macías-Cruz U, Mellado M, Calderón-Leyva G, Carrillo-Moreno D, Véliz-Deras FG. The Opuntia effect and the Reactivation of Ovarian Function and Blood Metabolite Concentrations of Anestrous Goats Exposed to Active Males. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9080550. [PMID: 31412654 PMCID: PMC6719177 DOI: 10.3390/ani9080550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We evaluated the potential supplementation effect of protein enriched Opuntia cladodes, the flat leaf-like steam of cactus species (PEO), upon changes of blood metabolites, estrus induction, estrus latency, and ovulation rate in anestrous goats exposed to sexually active males. We observed that PEO positively influenced reproductive outcomes without changes in blood metabolites. Our results highlight the importance that bio-fortified Opuntia cladodes supplementation exerts on anestrous goats exposed to the male effect as an option to improve not only the out-of-season reproductive efficiency of goats but to enhance the sustainability of marginal, extensive and semi-arid goat production systems. Abstract The effect of protein enriched Opuntia cladodes supplementation upon changes of serum total protein, urea, cholesterol, glucose as related to estrus induction (EI%), estrus latency (EL, h), and ovulation rate (OR, units) in adult anestrous goats exposed to the male effect was evaluated. In late April, anestrus goats (n = 45, 25° N) homogeneous regarding live weight (LE; 43.8 ± 1.6 kg) and body condition score (BCS; 2.3 ± 0.1 units) were randomly assigned to: (1). Protein-enriched Opuntia (PEO; n = 15; 29.8% CP, 2.2 Mcal ME kg−1), (2). Non-enriched Opuntia (NEO; n = 15; 6.4% CP, 2.1 Mcal ME kg−1), and (3). Control (CON; n = 15). NEO and PEO goats were individually supplemented with cladodes (160 g d−1; 0900–1000 h), thereafter all groups grazed in a marginal rangeland (1000–1800 h). Neither LW (p > 0.05) nor BCS (p > 0.05) differed among groups, yet an increased (p < 0.05) EI % (100, 57, 42 ± 0.16%), EL h (62, 60, 32 ± 4.2 h), and OR (1.33, 0.71, 0.43 ± 0.23 units) occurred in PEO and NEO vs. CONT, respectively. However, neither blood metabolites differed among groups nor a treatment x time interaction occurred. Peri-breeding protein enriched Opuntia cladodes supplementation of anestrous goats exposed to active males increased (p < 0.01) reproductive outcomes during the non-breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Meza-Herrera
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Programa de Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Bermejillo, Durango 35230, Mexico.
| | - Carlos A Romero-Rodríguez
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Programa de Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Bermejillo, Durango 35230, Mexico
- Instituto de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Adrian Nevárez-Dominguez
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Programa de Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Bermejillo, Durango 35230, Mexico
| | - Arnoldo Flores-Hernández
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Programa de Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Bermejillo, Durango 35230, Mexico
| | - Omag Cano-Villegas
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango 35010, Mexico
| | - Ulises Macías-Cruz
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21705, Mexico
| | - Miguel Mellado
- Departamento de Ciencias Médico Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Unidad Laguna, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón, Coahuila 27054, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Calderón-Leyva
- Departamento de Ciencias Médico Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Unidad Laguna, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón, Coahuila 27054, Mexico
| | - Dalia Carrillo-Moreno
- Departamento de Ciencias Médico Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Unidad Laguna, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón, Coahuila 27054, Mexico
| | - Francisco G Véliz-Deras
- Departamento de Ciencias Médico Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Unidad Laguna, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón, Coahuila 27054, Mexico
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11
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Diaz D, Rosiles RJ, Urias-Castro CJ, Rodriguez-Gaxiola MA, Gaxiola SM, Montero-Pardo A. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of reproductive management practices used to induce resumption of ovarian cyclical activity in anestrous does. Prev Vet Med 2019; 169:104709. [PMID: 31311634 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive management practices that use hormones, sociosexual biostimulation, nutritional management, or abiotic factors are used to induce the resumption of reproduction in anestrous does. However, their overall efficacy remains uncertain; therefore, the identification of evidence-based management recommendations to manipulate anestrous in goats is important. Electronic databases were searched to retrieve reports on studies using interventions based on hormonal, sociosexual, nutritional, and abiotic factors. Only experimental studies in which a group of anestrous does was treated and compared against an untreated group were included. Estrus, ovulation, and pregnancy were primary outcomes, whereas the onset of estrus after treatment, the ovulation rate, and the number of anovulatory days were secondary outcomes. Odds ratio (OR) and mean differences were used to synthesize pooled data, and random effects models were used to calculate them. Seventy studies involving 3974 goats met the inclusion criteria. Unclear risk of bias for random sequence generation and allocation concealment predominated across studies. Pooled data for hormonal, sociosexual, and abiotic interventions showed a significant, though variable, increase in estrus (OR range 7.15-144.80), ovulation (OR range 6.08-56.95), and pregnancy (OR range 3.94-30.8). Hormonal treatments significantly reduced the onset of estrus, whereas abiotic interventions failed to reduce the number of anovulatory days. Secondary outcomes were not assessed in trials using sociosexual approaches. Finally, except for pregnancy, no significant efficacy was observed for studies using nutritional management. In conclusion, reproductive management practices using sociosexual approaches showed the highest efficacy for restoring reproductive activity in anestrous does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Diaz
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, México; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 82260, Sinaloa, México.
| | - Rene J Rosiles
- Departamento de Nutrición Animal y Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México.
| | - Christian J Urias-Castro
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 82260, Sinaloa, México.
| | - Miguel A Rodriguez-Gaxiola
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 82260, Sinaloa, México.
| | - Soila M Gaxiola
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 82260, Sinaloa, México.
| | - Arnulfo Montero-Pardo
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 82260, Sinaloa, México.
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12
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Li L, Lu S, Ma Q, Wan P, Liu C, Yang H, Yang H, Yang Y, Dai R, Shi G. The comparison of reproductive hormone receptor expressions of the sheep ovary and hormone concentrations in two Chinese breeds. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:892-901. [PMID: 31002198 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the changes in reproductive hormone receptor expressions of the ovary and hormone concentrations between oestrous cycle pattern of two different sheep breeds in China. Ovarian tissues were collected from Chinese Merino (Junken type) and Hu sheep with different reproductive states in spring and autumn. Serum samples were assayed for oestrogen (E2), progesterone (P), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations by radioimmunoassay during spring. The ovarian expression of hormone receptors (ERα, ERβ, PR, LHR and FSHR) was analysed using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In Chinese Merino, there was no corpora lutea and ovulation point on the surfaces of ovaries in spring and low basal levels of both LH and P in serum. ERα, ERβ and FSHR were expressed significantly higher in Merino ovaries during anoestrus compared with oestrous or luteal phases of Hu sheep (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). However, both varieties of sheep exhibited a similar tendency to secrete E2 and FSH. Compared with Hu sheep, FSH levels were slightly higher in Merino serum. In Hu sheep, ERα, ERβ, FSHR, LHR and PR expressed in luteal phase ovaries during spring were significantly lower (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) than autumn. Interestingly, LHR and PR expressed in anoestrous ovaries were similar to that in oestrous phase of both sheep breeds. The above results suggest that seasonal reproductive sheep increased the expression of E2 and FSH receptors in ovary during spring may enhance the effects of E2 and FSH on follicular development. It is likely that this enhancement prevents the ovary from progressing to the luteal phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyuan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Shouliang Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Qiman Ma
- College of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Pengcheng Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Changbin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Hanyulu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Yonglin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Rong Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Guoqing Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
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Alvarado-Espino AS, Menchaca A, Meza-Herrera CA, Carrillo-Moreno DI, Zúñiga-García S, Arellano-Rodríguez F, Mellado M, Véliz FG. Ovarian response is not affected by the stage of seasonal anestrus or breed of goats when using a progesterone injection plus human chorionic gonadotropin-based protocol. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 204:60-65. [PMID: 30862404 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the stage of seasonal anestrus and breed on ovarian response in non-estrous cycling goats using a progesterone (P4) injection plus human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-based protocol. In Experiment 1, non-estrous cycling local Mexican goats were treated with 20 mg of P4 plus 100 IU of hCG injections 24 h apart during April (early anestrus, n = 13) or June (late anestrus, n = 12). The estrous response, interval from hCG-to-estrus, and interval to ovulation were not affected by season (P > 0.05). In addition, the size of the follicle from which ovulation occurred and the size of the corpus luteum were not different between the two stages of seasonal anestrus (P > 0.05). In Experiment 2, the estrous response was compared between multiparous non-estrous cycling local Mexican (n = 18) and Alpine (n = 19) goats in which stage of the estrous cycle was synchronized using the same P4+hCG protocol as in Experiment 1. Neither the onset of estrus nor the time of ovulation differed between breeds, and the estrus-to-ovulation interval also was similar for both breeds (P > 0.05). The diameter of the dominant follicle at the time of ovulation was similar between local and Alpine goats (P > 0.05). In addition, the pregnancy rate was not different for both local and Alpine goats (P > 0.05). In conclusion, results of this study indicate that the stage of seasonal anestrus or breed do not modify estrous and ovarian response in non-estrous cyclic goats synchronized with a P4 injection plus hCG-based protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan S Alvarado-Espino
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Alejo Menchaca
- Instituto de Reproducción Animal Uruguay, Fundación IRAUy, Cno. Cruz del Sur 2250, 12200, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cesar A Meza-Herrera
- Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Bermejillo, Durango, 35230, Mexico
| | - Dalia I Carrillo-Moreno
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Santiago Zúñiga-García
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Fernando Arellano-Rodríguez
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Miguel Mellado
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Calz. Antonio Narro 1923, 25084, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Francisco G Véliz
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico.
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Use of injectable progesterone and hCG for fixed-time artificial insemination during the non-breeding season in goats. Theriogenology 2019; 127:21-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Montes-Quiroz GL, Sánchez-Dávila F, Grizelj J, Bernal-Barragán H, Vazquez-Armijo JF, Bosque-González ASD, Luna-Palomera C, González Gómez A, Ledezma-Torres RA. The reinsertion of controlled internal drug release devices in goats does not increase the pregnancy rate after short oestrus synchronization protocol at the beginning of the breeding season. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2017.1386109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juraj Grizelj
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hugo Bernal-Barragán
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Nutrición y calidad de los alimentos, Campus de ciencias agropecuarias, General Escobedo, México
| | | | | | - Carlos Luna-Palomera
- División de Ciencias Agropecuarias 86280, Universidad Autónoma de Juárez de Tabasco, Villahermosa, México
| | - Adán González Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, México
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16
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Reproductive outcomes of anestrous goats supplemented with spineless Opuntia megacantha Salm-Dyck protein-enriched cladodes and exposed to the male effect. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 49:1511-1516. [PMID: 28707080 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The possible influence of the "male effect" upon reproductive outcomes of adult anestrous goats under marginal rangeland conditions and supplemented with protein-enriched Opuntia megacantha Salm-Dyck was evaluated. Reproductive variables included: estrus percentage (EST, %), estrus latency (ESL, hours), ovulation percentage (OP, %), ovulation rate (OR, units), average largest follicle at ovulation (LFO, mm), largest corpus luteum (LCL, mm), embryo number (EBN, units), and embryo implantation percentage (EIP, %). During early May, anestrous mix-breed adult goats (Criollo x Alpine-Saanen-Nubian; n = 38, 26° N) were randomly distributed to (1) Control (CC; n = 12), (2), Non-enriched Opuntia (NEO; n = 14), and (3) Protein-enriched Opuntia (PEO; n = 12). Neither LW (P > 0.05) nor BCS (P > 0.05) or any of the evaluated ovarian variables differed (P > 0.05) among treatments; EST = 89.66%, ESL = 53.66 h, OP = 70.33%, OR = 1.07 units, LFO = 4.5 mm, LCL = 9.6 mm, EBN = 0.94 embryos, and EIP = 48.66%. Irrespective of nutritional supplementation regime, all goats denoted an increased response to the male effect just in the middle of the anestrous season and managed under marginal grazing conditions during the dry season (May to June; 26° N). The use of the male effect successfully invoked neurophysiological pathways to re-activate ovarian follicular and luteal pathways during the natural anestrous season in the female goat. Yet, such successful physiological scenario was not equally exerted to promote an increased embryo implantation rate; this issue claims further consideration. Therefore, it is essential to align not only the peri-conceptional but also the peri-implantation stages to the best suited environmental conditions in the rangeland, in order to increase both reproductive and economic efficiency while promoting sustainability in those rangeland-based marginal goat production systems.
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17
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Rodríguez-Martínez R, Meza-Herrera CA, Tapia-Robles KI, Alvarado-Espino AS, Luna-Orozco JR, Leyva C, Mellado M, Véliz-Deras FG. Effect of two routes of administration of human chorionic gonadotropin upon oestrus induction and reproductive outcomes in adult acyclic mix-breed goats. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2017.1284075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Rodríguez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Médico Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro-Unidad Laguna, Torreón, Coahuila, México
| | - C. A. Meza-Herrera
- Programa de Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Bermejillo, Durango, México
| | - K. I. Tapia-Robles
- Departamento de Ciencias Médico Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro-Unidad Laguna, Torreón, Coahuila, México
| | - A. S. Alvarado-Espino
- Departamento de Ciencias Médico Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro-Unidad Laguna, Torreón, Coahuila, México
| | - J. R. Luna-Orozco
- Centro de Bachillerato Tecnológico Agropecuario No. 1, Torreón, Coahuila, México
| | - C. Leyva
- Departamento de Ciencias Médico Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro-Unidad Laguna, Torreón, Coahuila, México
| | - M. Mellado
- Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - F. G. Véliz-Deras
- Departamento de Ciencias Médico Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro-Unidad Laguna, Torreón, Coahuila, México
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