1
|
Wanduru P, Kwesiga D, Kinney M, George A, Waiswa P. Policy analysis of the Global Financing Facility in Uganda. Glob Health Action 2024; 17:2336310. [PMID: 38979635 PMCID: PMC11188944 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2336310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2015, Uganda joined the Global Financing Facility (GFF), a Global Health Initiative for Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health (RMNCAH). Similar initiatives have been found to be powerful entities influencing national policy and priorities in Uganda, but few independent studies have assessed the GFF. OBJECTIVE To understand the policy process and contextual factors in Uganda that influenced the content of the GFF policy documents (Investment Case and Project Appraisal). METHODS We conducted a qualitative policy analysis. The data collection included a document review of national RMNCAH policy documents and key informant interviews with national stakeholders involved in the development process of GFF policy documents (N = 16). Data were analyzed thematically using the health policy triangle. RESULTS The process of developing the GFF documents unfolded rapidly with a strong country-led approach by the government. Work commenced in late 2015; the Investment Case was published in April 2016 and the Project Appraisal Document was completed and presented two months later. The process was steered by technocrats from government agencies, donor agencies, academics and selected civil society organisations, along with the involvement of political figures. The Ministry of Health was at the center of coordinating the process and navigating the contestations between technical priorities and political motivations. Although civil society organisations took part in the process, there were concerns that some were excluded. CONCLUSION The learnings from this study provide insights into the translation of globally conceived health initiatives at country level, highlighting enablers and challenges. The study shows the challenges of trying to have a 'country-led' initiative, as such initiatives can still be heavily influenced by 'elites'. Given the diversity of actors with varying interests, achieving representation of key actors, particularly those from underserved groups, can be difficult and may necessitate investing further time and resources in their engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Wanduru
- School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Doris Kwesiga
- School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mary Kinney
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Asha George
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Peter Waiswa
- School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Molecular Markers: A New Paradigm in the Prediction of Sperm Freezability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043379. [PMID: 36834790 PMCID: PMC9960060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades now, sperm cryopreservation has been a pillar of assisted reproduction in animals as well as humans. Nevertheless, the success of cryopreservation varies across species, seasons, and latitudes and even within the same individual. With the dawn of progressive analytical techniques in the field of genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, new options for a more accurate semen quality assessment have become available. This review summarizes currently available information on specific molecular characteristics of spermatozoa that could predict their cryotolerance before the freezing process. Understanding the changes in sperm biology as a result of their exposure to low temperatures may contribute to the development and implementation of appropriate measures to assure high post-thaw sperm quality. Furthermore, an early prediction of cryotolerance or cryosensitivity may lead to the establishment of customized protocols interconnecting adequate sperm processing procedures, freezing techniques, and cryosupplements that are most feasible for the individual needs of the ejaculate.
Collapse
|
3
|
Mańkowska A, Gilun P, Zasiadczyk Ł, Sobiech P, Fraser L. Expression of TXNRD1, HSPA4L and ATP1B1 Genes Associated with the Freezability of Boar Sperm. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169320. [PMID: 36012584 PMCID: PMC9409117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is associated with increased oxidative stress, which is responsible for sperm damage. We analyzed the effect of cryopreservation on mRNA and protein expression of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1), heat shock protein family A (HSP 70) member 4 like (HSPA4L) and sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 (ATP1B1) genes in boar sperm with different freezability. Boars were classified as having good and poor semen freezability (GSF and PSF, respectively), according to the assessment of post-thaw sperm motility. Total RNA was isolated from fresh pre-freeze (PF) and frozen-thawed (FT) sperm from five boars of the GSF and PSF groups, respectively. Quantification of TXNRD1, HSPA4L and ATP1B1 gene expression was performed by RT-qPCR analysis. Proteins extracted from sperm were subjected to Western blotting and SDS-PAGE analyses. Poor freezability ejaculates were characterized by significantly higher relative mRNA expression levels of TXNRD1 and HSPA4L in FT sperm compared with the fresh PF sperm. Furthermore, the relative mRNA expression level of ATP1B1 was significantly higher in the fresh PF sperm of the GSF group. Western blotting analysis revealed significantly higher relative expression of TXNRD1 protein in the fresh PF sperm of the GSF group, while HSPA4L protein expression was markedly increased in FT sperm of the PSF group. Electrophoretic and densitometric analyses revealed a higher number of proteins in the fresh PF and FT sperm of the PSF and GSF groups, respectively. The results of this study indicate that ATP1B1 mRNA expression in the fresh PF sperm is a promising cryotolerance marker, while the variations of TXNRD1 and HSPA4L protein expression in the fresh PF or FT sperm provide useful information that may help to elucidate their biological significance in cryo-damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mańkowska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Przemysław Gilun
- Department of Local Physiological Regulations, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Bydgoska 7, 10-243 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Łukasz Zasiadczyk
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Przemysław Sobiech
- Internal Disease Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Leyland Fraser
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rosyada ZNA, Ulum MF, Tumbelaka LITA, Solihin DD, Purwantara B, Memili E. Implications of sperm heat shock protein 70-2 in bull fertility. Vet World 2022; 15:1456-1466. [PMID: 35993069 PMCID: PMC9375219 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1456-1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is one of the most abundant chaperone proteins. Their function is well documented in facilitating the protein synthesis, translocation, de novo folding, and ordering of multiprotein complexes. HSP70 in bovine consists of four genes: HSP70-1, HSP70-2, HSP70-3, and HSP70-4. HSP70-2 was found to be involved in fertility. Current knowledge implicates HSP70-2 in sperm quality, sperm capacitation, sperm–egg recognition, and fertilization essential for bull reproduction. HSP70-2 is also involved in the biological processes of spermatogenesis, as it protects cells from the effects of apoptosis and oxidative stress. Fertilization success is not only determined by the amount of sperm found in the female reproductive tract but also by the functional ability of the sperm. However, subfertility is more likely to be associated with changes in sperm molecular dynamics not detectable using conventional methods. As such, molecular analyses and omics methods have been developed to monitor crucial aspects of sperm molecular morphology that are important for sperm functions, which are the objectives of this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada
- Reproductive Biology Study Program, Postgraduate School, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum
- Reproductive Biology Study Program, Postgraduate School, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia; Department of Veterinary Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Ligaya I. T. A. Tumbelaka
- Reproductive Biology Study Program, Postgraduate School, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia; Department of Veterinary Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dedy Duryadi Solihin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Purwantara
- Reproductive Biology Study Program, Postgraduate School, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia; Department of Veterinary Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Erdogan Memili
- Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Human Sciences Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arunkumar R, Kumaresan A, Sinha MK, Elango K, Ebenezer Samuel King JP, Nag P, Karuthadurai T, Baithalu RK, Mohanty TK, Kumar R, Datta TK. The cryopreservation process induces alterations in proteins associated with bull sperm quality: The equilibration process could be a probable critical control point. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1064956. [PMID: 36568066 PMCID: PMC9787546 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1064956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study quantitatively characterized the proteomic changes in bull spermatozoa induced by the cryopreservation process. We performed high-throughput comparative global proteomic profiling of freshly ejaculated (before cryopreservation), equilibrated (refrigerated storage; during cryopreservation), and frozen (ultralow temperature; after cryopreservation) bull spermatozoa. Using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique, a total of 1,692, 1,415, and 1,286 proteins were identified in fresh, equilibrated, and cryopreserved spermatozoa, respectively. When the proteome of fresh spermatozoa was compared with equilibrated spermatozoa, we found that 166 proteins were differentially expressed. When equilibrated spermatozoa were compared with cryopreserved spermatozoa, we found that 147 proteins were differentially expressed between them. Similarly, we found that 156 proteins were differentially expressed between fresh and cryopreserved spermatozoa. Among these proteins, the abundance of 105 proteins was lowered during the equilibration process itself, while the abundance of 43 proteins was lowered during ultralow temperature preservation. Remarkably, the equilibration process lowered the abundance of sperm proteins involved in energy metabolism, structural integrity, and DNA repair and increased the abundance of proteins associated with proteolysis and protein degradation. The abundance of sperm proteins associated with metabolism, cGMP-PKG (cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase G) signaling, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton was also altered during the equilibration process. Collectively, the present study showed that the equilibration step in the bull sperm cryopreservation process was the critical point for sperm proteome, during which a majority of proteomic alterations in sperm occurred. These findings are valuable for developing efficient protocols to minimize protein damage and to improve the quality and fertility of cryopreserved bull spermatozoa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Arunkumar
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
- *Correspondence: Arumugam Kumaresan, ;
| | - Manish Kumar Sinha
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kamaraj Elango
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Pradeep Nag
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Thirumalaisamy Karuthadurai
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Rubina Kumari Baithalu
- Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Tushar Kumar Mohanty
- Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumaresan A, Elango K, Datta TK, Morrell JM. Cellular and Molecular Insights Into the Etiology of Subfertility/Infertility in Crossbred Bulls ( Bos taurus × Bos indicus): A Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:696637. [PMID: 34307374 PMCID: PMC8297507 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.696637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Crossbreeding of indigenous cattle (Bos indicus) with improved (Bos taurus) breeds gained momentum and economic relevance in several countries to increase milk production. While production performance of the crossbred offspring is high due to hybrid vigor, they suffer from a high incidence of reproductive problems. Specifically, the crossbred males suffer from serious forms of subfertility/infertility, which can have a significant effect because semen from a single male is used to breed several thousand females. During the last two decades, attempts have been made to understand the probable reasons for infertility in crossbred bulls. Published evidence indicates that testicular cytology indices, hormonal concentrations, sperm phenotypic characteristics and seminal plasma composition were altered in crossbred compared to purebred males. A few recent studies compared crossbred bull semen with purebred bull semen using genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics; molecules potentially associated with subfertility/infertility in crossbred bulls were identified. Nevertheless, the precise reason behind the poor quality of semen and high incidence of sub-fertility/infertility in crossbred bulls are not yet well defined. To identify the underlying etiology for infertility in crossbred bulls, a thorough understanding of the magnitude of the problem and an overview of the prior art is needed; however, such systematically reviewed information is not available. Therefore, the primary focus of this review is to compile and analyze earlier findings on crossbred bull fertility/infertility. In addition, the differences between purebred and crossbred males in terms of testicular composition, sperm phenotypic characteristics, molecular composition, environmental influence and other details are described; future prospects for research on crossbred males are also outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kamaraj Elango
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Jane M Morrell
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Prakash MA, Kumaresan A, Ebenezer Samuel King JP, Nag P, Sharma A, Sinha MK, Kamaraj E, Datta TK. Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Spermatozoa From High- and Low-Fertile Crossbred Bulls: Implications for Fertility Prediction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:647717. [PMID: 34041237 PMCID: PMC8141864 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.647717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crossbred bulls produced by crossing Bos taurus and Bos indicus suffer with high incidence of infertility/subfertility problems; however, the etiology remains poorly understood. The uncertain predictability and the inability of semen evaluation techniques to maintain constant correlation with fertility demand for alternate methods for bull fertility prediction. Therefore, in this study, the global differential gene expression between high- and low-fertile crossbred bull sperm was assessed using a high-throughput RNA sequencing technique with the aim to identify transcripts associated with crossbred bull fertility. Crossbred bull sperm contained transcripts for 13,563 genes, in which 2,093 were unique to high-fertile and 5,454 were unique to low-fertile bulls. After normalization of data, a total of 776 transcripts were detected, in which 84 and 168 transcripts were unique to high-fertile and low-fertile bulls, respectively. A total of 176 transcripts were upregulated (fold change > 1) and 209 were downregulated (<1) in low-fertile bulls. Gene ontology analysis identified that the sperm transcripts involved in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and biological process such as multicellular organism development, spermatogenesis, and in utero embryonic development were downregulated in low-fertile crossbred bull sperm. Sperm transcripts upregulated and unique to low-fertile bulls were majorly involved in translation (biological process) and ribosomal pathway. With the use of RT-qPCR, selected sperm transcripts (n = 12) were validated in crossbred bulls (n = 12) with different fertility ratings and found that the transcriptional abundance of ZNF706, CRISP2, TNP2, and TNP1 genes was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in low-fertile bulls than high-fertile bulls and was positively (p < 0.05) correlated with conception rate. It is inferred that impaired oxidative phosphorylation could be the predominant reason for low fertility in crossbred bulls and that transcriptional abundance of ZNF706, CRISP2, TNP2, and TNP1 genes could serve as potential biomarkers for fertility in crossbred bulls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mani Arul Prakash
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - John Peter Ebenezer Samuel King
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pradeep Nag
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Manish Kumar Sinha
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Elango Kamaraj
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saraf KK, Kumaresan A, Sinha MK, Datta TK. Spermatozoal transcripts associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial membrane potential differ between high- and low-fertile crossbred bulls. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14029. [PMID: 33665828 DOI: 10.1111/and.14029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of various forms of RNAs having roles in fertilisation and early embryonic development is well documented in mammalian spermatozoa. In the present study, using Agilent microarray platform, we compared sperm mRNA expression profiles between high- and low-fertile crossbred bulls with normal semen parameters. Microarray data acquisition and analysis were performed using GeneSpring GX version software, wherein spermatozoa from high-fertile bulls were kept as control while spermatozoa from low-fertile bulls were considered as treatment group. A total of 6,238 transcripts were detected in crossbred bull spermatozoa; 559 transcripts (>1.5-fold) were differentially regulated between high- and low-fertile bulls. Functional annotation has categorised these transcripts into biological process, cellular, and molecular functions. It was observed that transcripts associated with oxidation reduction process (p = .003), mitochondrial membrane potential (p = .03), were significantly down-regulated while transcripts associated with apoptosis (p = .04) were up-regulated in low-fertile spermatozoa. The dysregulated genes were involved in important cellular pathways including oxidative phosphorylation (p = .002), oestrogen signalling (p = .002), Wnt signalling (p = .035), cGMP-PKG signalling (p = .007) and MAPK signalling (p = .032) pathways. Collectively, the present study discovered profound discrepancies in sperm mRNA expression between high- and low-fertile crossbred bulls, with potential possibilities for their use in fertility prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaustubh Kishor Saraf
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manish Kumar Sinha
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Paul N, Kumaresan A, Das Gupta M, Nag P, Guvvala PR, Kuntareddi C, Sharma A, Selvaraju S, Datta TK. Transcriptomic Profiling of Buffalo Spermatozoa Reveals Dysregulation of Functionally Relevant mRNAs in Low-Fertile Bulls. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:609518. [PMID: 33506000 PMCID: PMC7829312 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.609518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although, it is known that spermatozoa harbor a variety of RNAs that may influence embryonic development, little is understood about sperm transcriptomic differences in relation to fertility, especially in buffaloes. In the present study, we compared the differences in sperm functional attributes and transcriptomic profile between high- and low-fertile buffalo bulls. Sperm membrane and acrosomal integrity were lower (P < 0.05), while protamine deficiency and lipid peroxidation were higher (P < 0.05) in low- compared to high-fertile bulls. Transcriptomic analysis using mRNA microarray technology detected a total of 51,282 transcripts in buffalo spermatozoa, of which 4,050 transcripts were differentially expressed, and 709 transcripts were found to be significantly dysregulated (P < 0.05 and fold change >1) between high- and low-fertile bulls. Majority of the dysregulated transcripts were related to binding activity, transcription, translation, and metabolic processes with primary localization in the cell nucleus, nucleoplasm, and in cytosol. Pathways related to MAPK signaling, ribosome pathway, and oxidative phosphorylation were dysregulated in low-fertile bull spermatozoa. Using bioinformatics analysis, we observed that several genes related to sperm functional attributes were significantly downregulated in low-fertile bull spermatozoa. Validation of the results of microarray analysis was carried out using real-time qPCR expression analysis of selected genes (YBX1, ORAI3, and TFAP2C). The relative expression of these genes followed the same trend in both the techniques. Collectively, this is the first study to report the transcriptomic profile of buffalo spermatozoa and to demonstrate the dysregulation of functionally relevant transcripts in low-fertile bull spermatozoa. The results of the present study open up new avenues for understanding the etiology for poor fertility in buffalo bulls and to identify fertility biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilendu Paul
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Mohua Das Gupta
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pradeep Nag
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pushpa Rani Guvvala
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, ICAR - National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Channareddi Kuntareddi
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station of ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sellappan Selvaraju
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, ICAR - National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Prakash MA, Kumaresan A, Sinha MK, Kamaraj E, Mohanty TK, Datta TK, Morrell JM. RNA-Seq analysis reveals functionally relevant coding and non-coding RNAs in crossbred bull spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 222:106621. [PMID: 33069132 PMCID: PMC7607363 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RNA-Seq analysis was done to characterize the transcriptome of crossbred bull spermatozoa. Among the 13,814 transcripts detected, 431 had FPKM > 1 and 13,673 had FPKM > 0 or < 1. Coding and non-coding RNAs account for 13,145 (95.15%) and 152 (1.1%), respectively. Sperm transcripts were mainly related to ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation and spliceosome pathways. qPCR analysis showed individual variations in transcriptional abundance of selected genes.
Sperm, which are believed to be transcriptionally and translationally inactive, synthesize RNA and proteins before there is gradual disappearance of the ribosome during chromatin compaction. Sperm transfer several functionally relevant transcripts to the oocyte, controlling maternal-zygotic transition and embryonic development. The present study was undertaken to profile and analyze sperm transcripts comprehensively using Next Generation Ribonucleic acid sequencing technology in Holstein Friesian x Tharparkar crossbred bulls. The results from global transcriptomic profiling revealed transcripts for 13,814 genes; of which 431 transcripts were expressed with >1 FPKM and 13,383 transcripts were expressed with >0 or <1 FPKM. The abundant mRNA transcripts of crossbred bull sperm were PRM1 and HMGB4. Gene ontology of transcripts with>1 FPKM revealed there was a major involvement in the structural constituent of ribosomes and translation. Results from pathway enrichment indicated the connection between ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation and spliceosome pathways and the transcripts of crossbred bull spermatozoa. The transcriptional abundance of selected genes, validated using RT-qPCR, indicated significant variations between bulls. Collectively, it may be inferred that the transcripts in crossbred bull sperm were heavily implicated in functions such as the structural constituent of ribosomes and translation, and pathways such as ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation and spliceosome. Further studies using larger sample sizes are required to understand the possible implications of transcriptomic variations on semen quality and fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mani Arul Prakash
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030 Karnataka, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030 Karnataka, India.
| | - Manish Kumar Sinha
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030 Karnataka, India
| | - Elango Kamaraj
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030 Karnataka, India
| | - Tushar Kumar Mohanty
- Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 Haryana, India
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 Haryana, India
| | - Jane M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fraser L, Brym P, Pareek CS, Mogielnicka-Brzozowska M, Paukszto Ł, Jastrzębski JP, Wasilewska-Sakowska K, Mańkowska A, Sobiech P, Żukowski K. Transcriptome analysis of boar spermatozoa with different freezability using RNA-Seq. Theriogenology 2019; 142:400-413. [PMID: 31711689 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Semen freezability is associated with genetic markers, and there is a diverse set of sperm transcripts that have been attributed to various cellular functions. RNA-Seq was performed to compare the transcript profiles of spermatozoa from boars with different semen freezability. We examined ejaculates from the Polish large white (PLW) boars that were classified as having good and poor semen freezability (GSF and PSF, respectively; n = 3 boars per group) by assessing post-thaw motility characteristics, mitochondrial membrane potential, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity. Total RNA was isolated from fresh spermatozoa from boars of the GSF and PSF groups and subjected to RNA-Seq (Illumina NextSeq 500 platform). Transcript abundance was assessed with the DESeq2, DESeq, and EdgeR Bioconductor R packages, and varying numbers of differentially expressed gene (DEG) transcripts were detected in the spermatozoa of each boar. Using RNA-Seq, we identified several genes associated with inflammation and apoptosis (FOS, NFATC3, ITGAL, EAF2 and ZDHHC14), spermatogenesis (FGF-14 and BAMBI), autophagy (RAB33B), protein phosphorylation (PTPRU and PTPN2) and energy metabolism (ND6 and ACADM) that were predominantly up-regulated in poor freezability ejaculates. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validated the transcript expression levels detected by RNA-Seq and thus confirmed the reliability of this technique. Subsequent validation with western blotting showed that the expression of three proteins was in accordance with the transcript abundance. Overall, we demonstrated that the up-regulation of the DEG transcripts in spermatozoa was associated with poor semen freezability. We suggest that spermatozoa transcriptome profiling provides a foundation to further elucidate the relevance of sperm-related transcripts on cryo-survival. The sperm-related transcripts, namely FOS, NFATC3, EAF2, BAMBI, PTPRU, PTPN2, ND6 and ACADM, are potential markers for predicting the freezability of boar semen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Fraser
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - P Brym
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - C S Pareek
- Centre of Veterinary Sciences, Inter-University Centre of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - M Mogielnicka-Brzozowska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ł Paukszto
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University in Olsztyn of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J P Jastrzębski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University in Olsztyn of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - K Wasilewska-Sakowska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A Mańkowska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - P Sobiech
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Internal Disease Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - K Żukowski
- Department of Cattle Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083, Balice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sosa-Madrid BS, Santacreu MA, Blasco A, Fontanesi L, Pena RN, Ibáñez-Escriche N. A genomewide association study in divergently selected lines in rabbits reveals novel genomic regions associated with litter size traits. J Anim Breed Genet 2019; 137:123-138. [PMID: 31657065 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Uterine capacity (UC), defined as the total number of kits from unilaterally ovariectomized does at birth, has a high genetic correlation with litter size. The aim of our research was to identify genomic regions associated with litter size traits through a genomewide association study using rabbits from a divergent selection experiment for UC. A high-density SNP array (200K) was used to genotype 181 does from a control population, high and low UC lines. Traits included total number born (TNB), number born alive (NBA), number born dead, ovulation rate (OR), implanted embryos (IE) and embryo, foetal and prenatal survivals at second parity. We implemented the Bayes B method and the associations were tested by Bayes factors and the percentage of genomic variance (GV) explained by windows. Different genomic regions associated with TNB, NBA, IE and OR were found. These regions explained 7.36%, 1.27%, 15.87% and 3.95% of GV, respectively. Two consecutive windows on chromosome 17 were associated with TNB, NBA and IE. This genomic region accounted for 6.32% of GV of TNB. In this region, we found the BMP4, PTDGR, PTGER2, STYX and CDKN3 candidate genes which presented functional annotations linked to some reproductive processes. Our findings suggest that a genomic region on chromosome 17 has an important effect on litter size traits. However, further analyses are needed to validate this region in other maternal rabbit lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - María Antonia Santacreu
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Agustín Blasco
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luca Fontanesi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romi Natacha Pena
- Departament de Ciència Animal, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Noelia Ibáñez-Escriche
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Moura MT, Silva RLO, Nascimento PS, Ferreira-Silva JC, Cantanhêde LF, Kido EA, Benko-Iseppon AM, Oliveira MAL. Inter-genus gene expression analysis in livestock fibroblasts using reference gene validation based upon a multi-species primer set. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221170. [PMID: 31412093 PMCID: PMC6693880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) remains as an accurate approach for gene expression analysis but requires labor-intensive validation of reference genes using species-specific primers. To ease such demand, the aim was to design and test a multi-species primer set to validate reference genes for inter-genus RT-qPCR gene expression analysis. Primers were designed for ten housekeeping genes using transcript sequences of various livestock species. All ten gene transcripts were detected by RT-PCR in Bos taurus (cattle), Bubalus bubalis (buffaloes), Capra hircus (goats), and Ovis aries (sheep) cDNA. Primer efficiency was attained for eight reference genes using B. taurus—O. aries fibroblast cDNA (95.54–98.39%). The RT-qPCR data normalization was carried out for B. taurus vs. O. aries relative gene expression using Bestkeeper, GeNorm, Norm-finder, Delta CT method, and RefFinder algorithms. Validation of inter-genus RT-qPCR showed up-regulation of TLR4 and ZFX gene transcripts in B. taurus fibroblasts, irrespectively of normalization conditions (two, three, or four reference genes). In silico search in mammalian transcriptomes showed that the multi-species primer set is expected to amplify transcripts of at least two distinct loci in 114 species, and 79 species would be covered by six or more primers. Hence, a multi-species primer set allows for inter-genus gene expression analysis between O. aries and B. taurus fibroblasts and further reveals species-specific gene transcript abundance of key transcription factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo T. Moura
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Roberta L. O. Silva
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Pábola S. Nascimento
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - José C. Ferreira-Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ludymila F. Cantanhêde
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ederson A. Kido
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana M. Benko-Iseppon
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcos A. L. Oliveira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hirenallur Maheshwarappa Y, Kumar S, Chaudhary R, Mishra C, Ayyar S, Kumar A, Chauhan A, Ghosh SK, Panigrahi M, Mitra A. Identification of sperm motility markers in bovine transition protein genes. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 54:365-372. [PMID: 30370952 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transition proteins (TNPs) are essential in chromatin condensation during spermiogenesis, and hence, they are the candidate genes for identifying sperm motility markers. Coding and in silico predicted promoter regions of these genes were investigated in crossbred and purebred cattle, and also, their mRNA quantification was done to explore its use as a diagnostic tool of infertility. PCR-SSCP analysis revealed two band patterns in fragment III of TNP1 and fragment II of TNP2 gene. Sequence analysis revealed a deletion of "G" nucleotide in 3'UTR region of TNP1 and C>T SNP in intronic region of TNP2 gene. Least square analysis of variance did not reveal any significant influence of nucleotide deletion on any sperm motility parameters in both crossbred and purebred cattle. However, C>T SNP had a significant effect on initial progressive motility (p < 0.05) in purebred cattle and post-thaw motility in overall cattle population. RT-qPCR analysis did not reveal any significant variation in TNP1 and TNP2 gene expression among poorly motile and good quality spermatozoa of Vrindavani bulls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Rajni Chaudhary
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Chinmoy Mishra
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Sivakumar Ayyar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Anuj Chauhan
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Subrata Kumar Ghosh
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Manjit Panigrahi
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Abhijit Mitra
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang T, Wu J, Liao C, Ni Z, Zheng J, Yu F. System analysis of teratozoospermia mRNA profile based on integrated bioinformatics tools. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1297-1304. [PMID: 29901159 PMCID: PMC6072217 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
mRNA has an important role in spermatogenesis and the maintenance of fertility, and may act as a potential biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of infertility. In the present study, potential biomarkers associated with teratozoospermia were screened through systemic bioinformatics analysis. Initially, genome-wide expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus and primary analysis was conducted using R software, which included preprocessing of raw microarray data, transformation between probe ID and gene symbol and identification of differentially expressed genes. Subsequently, a functional enrichment analysis was conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery to investigate the biological processes involved in the development of teratozoospermia. Finally, a protein-protein interaction network of notable differentially expressed genes was constructed and cross-analysis performed for multiple datasets, to obtain a potential biomarker for teratozoospermia. It was observed that G protein subunit β 3, G protein subunit α o1 and G protein subunit g transducin 1 were upregulated and enriched using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) in the network and in cross analysis. Furthermore, ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), RPS5, RPS6, RPS16 and RPS23 were downregulated and enriched using KEGG in teratozoospermia. In conclusion, the results of the present study identified several mRNAs involved in sperm morphological development, which may aid in the understanding and treatment of infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Zhang
- Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 300000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wu
- Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 300000, P.R. China
| | - Caihua Liao
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541004, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Ni
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Jufen Zheng
- Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 300000, P.R. China
| | - Fudong Yu
- Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 300000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
H M Y, Kumar S, Chaudhary R, Mishra C, A S, Kumar A, Chauhan A, Ghosh SK, Mitra A. Nucleotide variability of protamine genes influencing bull sperm motility variables. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 193:126-139. [PMID: 29657074 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Protamines (PRMs), important proteins of chromatin condensation in spermiogenesis, are promising candidate genes to explore markers of sperm motility. The coding and in-silico predicted promoter regions of these genes were investigated in 102 crossbred and 32 purebred cattle. Also, mRNA quantification was done to explore its possibility as diagnostic tool of infertility. The PCR-SSCP analysis indicated there were two band patterns only in fragment I of the PRM1 and fragment II of the PRM2 gene. The sequence analysis revealed A152G and G179A transitions in the PRM1 gene. Similarly, G35A, A49G and A64G transitions were identified in the PRM2 gene which resulted in altered amino acid sequences from arginine (R) to glutamine (Q), from arginine (R) to glycine (G) and from arginine (R) to glycine (G), respectively. This caused the reduction in molecular weight of PRM2 from 2157.66 to 1931.33 Da due to reduction in the number of basic amino acids. These altered properties of the PRM2 protein led to the reduction in Mass Motility (MM: P < 0.01), Initial Progressive Motility (IPM; P < 0.05) and Post Thaw Motility (PTM; P < 0.05) in crossbred bulls. The least squares analysis of variance indicated there was an effect of PRM2 haplotypes on MM (P = 0.0069), IPM (P = 0.0306) and PTM (P = 0.0500) in crossbred cattle and on PTM (P = 0.0408) in the overall cattle population. Based on the RT-qPCR analysis, however, there was not any significant variation of PRM1 and PRM2 gene expression among sperm of Vrindavani bulls with relatively lesser and greater sperm motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yathish H M
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajni Chaudhary
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chinmoy Mishra
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sivakumar A
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anuj Chauhan
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S K Ghosh
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Mitra
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fraser L. Markers for Sperm Freezability and Relevance of Transcriptome Studies in Semen Cryopreservation: A Review. Theriogenology 2017. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.68651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|