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Lascialfari P, Tesi M, Manetti C, Fanelli D, Rota A. Embryonic resorption rates at canine pregnancy diagnoses: A retrospective evaluation. Theriogenology 2023; 206:71-77. [PMID: 37201297 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy diagnosis in canines is generally performed during embryonic phase, between 19 and 35 days of gestation. At this stage embryonic resorptions can be observed, which, according to the literature, affects 11-26% of conceptuses and 5-43% of pregnancies. Resorption has been hypothesized as a physiological event in uterine overcrowding, however other factors may be involved, such as infectious or non-infectious diseases. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the incidence of embryo resorption at ultrasonographic pregnancy diagnosis in different dog breeds, and to identify the main factors determining the occurrence of the resorption sites. 95 pregnancy diagnoses were performed 21-30 days post-ovulation by ultrasound examination on 74 different animals. Breed, weight, and age of the bitches were recorded, and the reproductive anamnesis was collected from their medical records. The overall pregnancy rate was 91.6%. In 48.3% of pregnancies (42/87), at least one resorption site was visible, and embryonic resorption rate was 14.2% (61 resorption sites/431 total structures). Binary logistic regression showed a significant effect of age (P < 0.001), but not the size of the litter (P = 0.357), nor the size of the mother (P = 0.281) or any previous reproductive problems (P = 0.077). Age was significantly higher in pregnancies with resorptions than in normal ones (60.88 ± 18.24 and 40.27 ± 15.74 months, respectively, P < 0.001). The embryonic resorption rate was in line with previous findings, while the incidence of affected pregnancies was higher. Although resorptions may occur physiologically in pregnancies with large litters, a relationship between embryo resorption and litter size was not identified in our sample group, while aging increased the resorption rates. This, together with the occurrence of repeated embryonic resorptions in some bitches included in the study, suggests how resorptions could also be the result of pathological events. The underlying mechanisms and other factors that may be involved need further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Lascialfari
- Ospedale Didattico Veterinario "Mario Modenato", Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa. Via Livornese (Lato Monte), 1289, San Piero a Grado, PI, Pisa, 56122, Italy.
| | - Matteo Tesi
- Ospedale Didattico Veterinario "Mario Modenato", Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa. Via Livornese (Lato Monte), 1289, San Piero a Grado, PI, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Cristiana Manetti
- Ospedale Didattico Veterinario "Mario Modenato", Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa. Via Livornese (Lato Monte), 1289, San Piero a Grado, PI, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Diana Fanelli
- Ospedale Didattico Veterinario "Mario Modenato", Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa. Via Livornese (Lato Monte), 1289, San Piero a Grado, PI, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rota
- Ospedale Didattico Veterinario "Mario Modenato", Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa. Via Livornese (Lato Monte), 1289, San Piero a Grado, PI, Pisa, 56122, Italy
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Alves AE, Motheo TF, Apparicio MF, Mostachio GQ, Dos Santos RM, Vicente WRR, Luvoni GC. In vivo embryo development in bitches inseminated laparoscopically after ovulation time estimated based on a single progesterone determination. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20220079. [PMID: 36922986 PMCID: PMC10010157 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Logistic and economical limitations are often the causes of dog owners not accurately monitoring the estrous cycle and the optimal insemination time. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo early embryonic development in bitches, after the analysis of sequential vaginal cytologies associated to single progesterone measurement and single laparoscopic insemination with high quality semen (fresh and with high spermatozoa concentration) or low-quality semen (frozen/thawed and with low spermatozoa concentration) at 48 h post- ovulation time predicted on a single progesterone measurement. Ten bitches were inseminated with 250 x 106 fresh spermatozoa (80% motility), and ten with 80 x 106 frozen/thawed spermatozoa (60% motility) in the cranial part of each uterine horn. Seven days later, ovariohysterectomy was performed and the oviducts and uterine horns and body were flushed to recover embryos and unfertilized oocytes. In 80% of the bitches inseminated with fresh and 50% of bitches inseminated with frozen/thawed semen, embryos at 2 to 8 cells stage were recovered mostly from the, oviducts. This study indicates that pregnancies can be obtained with a single laparoscopic intrauterine insemination after single serum progesterone measurement, although with a low number of embryos. This result should be taken into account in case economic or logistic restrictions that affect the possibility of owners to plan an accurate monitoring of the optimal breeding time using fresh and frozen semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aracelle Elisane Alves
- Departamento de Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - Tathiana Ferguson Motheo
- Programa de Pós-graduação Strictu Sensu em Biociência Animal, Universidade de Cuiabá, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Maricy Ferreira Apparicio
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Giuliano Queiroz Mostachio
- Departamento de Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Centro Universitário de Rio Preto, Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Ricarda Maria Dos Santos
- Departamento de Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - Wilter Ricardo Russiano Vicente
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Gaia Cecilia Luvoni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Lombardia, Italia
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Hosotani M, Ichii O, Nakamura T, Namba T, Islam MR, Elewa YHA, Watanabe T, Ueda H, Kon Y. Anatomy and histology of the foramen of ovarian bursa opening to the peritoneal cavity and its changes in autoimmune disease-prone mice. J Anat 2021; 238:73-85. [PMID: 32869289 PMCID: PMC7754971 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The ovarian bursa is a small peritoneal cavity enclosed by the mesovarium and mesosalpinx, which surrounds the ovaries and oviductal infundibulum in mammals. The ovarian bursa is considered as the structure facilitating the transport of ovulated oocytes into the oviduct. Our previous study revealed reduced oocyte pick-up function in the oviduct of lupus-prone MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr mouse, suggesting the possibility of an escape of ovulated oocytes into the peritoneal cavity, despite the presence of an almost complete ovarian bursa in the mouse. In this study, we revealed anatomical and histological characteristics of the ovarian bursa in C57BL/6 N, MRL/MpJ, and MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr mice. All strains had the foramen of ovarian bursa (FOB), with a size of approximately 0.04 to 0.12 cm2 , surrounded by the ligament of ovarian bursa (LOB), which is part of the mesosalpinx. The LOB was partially lined with the cuboidal mesothelial cells and consisted of a thick smooth muscle layer in all strains. In 6-month-old MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr mice, in which the systemic autoimmune abnormality deteriorated and oocyte pick-up function was impaired, the size of the FOB tended to be larger than that of other strains. Additionally, in MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr mice at 6 months of age, there was infiltration by numerous immune cells in the mesosalpinx suspending the isthmus; however, the LOB prevented severe inflammation and showed deposition of collagen fibers. These results not only indicate that the FOB is a common structure within mice, but also imply the physiological function of the LOB and its role in maintaining the microenvironment around the ovary, as well as regulating healthy reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Hosotani
- Laboratory of Veterinary AnatomyDepartment of Veterinary MedicineSchool of Veterinary MedicineRakuno Gakuen UniversityEbetsuHokkaidoJapan
| | - Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of AnatomyDepartment of Basic Veterinary ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
- Laboratory of Agrobiomedical ScienceFaculty of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | - Teppei Nakamura
- Laboratory of AnatomyDepartment of Basic Veterinary ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
- Section of Biological Safety ResearchChitose LaboratoryJapan Food Research LaboratoriesChitoseHokkaidoJapan
| | - Takashi Namba
- Laboratory of AnatomyDepartment of Basic Veterinary ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | - Md. Rashedul Islam
- Laboratory of AnatomyDepartment of Basic Veterinary ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | - Yaser Hosny Ali Elewa
- Laboratory of AnatomyDepartment of Basic Veterinary ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
- Department of Histology and CytologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt
| | - Takafumi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary AnatomyDepartment of Veterinary MedicineSchool of Veterinary MedicineRakuno Gakuen UniversityEbetsuHokkaidoJapan
| | - Hiromi Ueda
- Laboratory of Veterinary AnatomyDepartment of Veterinary MedicineSchool of Veterinary MedicineRakuno Gakuen UniversityEbetsuHokkaidoJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Kon
- Laboratory of AnatomyDepartment of Basic Veterinary ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
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Stornelli MC, Praderio RG, García MF, Nuñez Favre R, García Mitacek MC, de la Sota RL, Stornelli MA. Serum progesterone concentration, volume, and apoptosis of corpora lutea in early, middle and late diestrus in the bitch. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 221:106591. [PMID: 32947187 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to study number, volume, apoptosis of corpora lutea (CL), and serum P4 concentrations in early, middle, and late diestrus of dogs. Thirty-six bitches were ovari-hysterectomized (OVX): Early Diestrus (Group [G]1; OVX 20 days after end of estrus [DEH]); Mid-diestrus (GII; OVX between 21 and 40 days after DEH), and Late-diestrus (GIII; OVX between 41 and 60 days after DEH). Before OVX a blood sample was collected to quantify P4. After OVX, the number of CL (NCL) was recorded, CL measured using both ultrasonography (US) and caliper (CAL), and the volume (mm3) was calculated. Based on abundances of caspase-3, apoptotic luteal cells were detected. Bitches in early-diestrus had greater P4 concentrations than bitches in mid- and late-diestrus (23.52 ± 3.78 and 10.86 ± 3.88 ng/mL; P < 0.05). The NCL, cumulative USCLV, and CALCLV were similar among diestrus stages (P > 0.30). Bitches with CL (≥5) had twice the serum P4 concentrations as bitches with CL1-2 and CL3-4 (22.71 ± 3.70 and 10.97 ± 4.06 ng/mL; P < 0.05). There were correlations between P4 concentrations with USCLV, CALCLV, and NCL (r = 0.64, r = 0.67, r = 0.44; P < 0.0001). When serum P4 concentrations were adjusted for stages of diestrus, however, there were only correlations during early diestrus. The percentage of apoptotic cells was greater in GIII compared with GI and GII (13.75 ± 2.26 % compared with 4.5 ± 0.68 % and 4.6 ± 1.5 %, respectively; P < 0.05). As days of diestrus increased, number of apoptotic cells increased, and serum P4 concentrations decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cecilia Stornelli
- Instituto De Investigaciones En Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad De Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, BA, Argentina
| | - Romina Giselle Praderio
- Instituto De Investigaciones En Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad De Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, BA, Argentina; CONICET, CABA, Argentina
| | - María F García
- Instituto De Investigaciones En Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad De Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, BA, Argentina; CONICET, CABA, Argentina
| | - Romina Nuñez Favre
- Instituto De Investigaciones En Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad De Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, BA, Argentina; CONICET, CABA, Argentina
| | - María Carla García Mitacek
- Instituto De Investigaciones En Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad De Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, BA, Argentina; CONICET, CABA, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo Luzbel de la Sota
- Instituto De Investigaciones En Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad De Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, BA, Argentina; CONICET, CABA, Argentina
| | - María Alejandra Stornelli
- Instituto De Investigaciones En Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad De Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, BA, Argentina.
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