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Elkhawagah AR, Donato GG, Poletto M, Martino NA, Vincenti L, Conti L, Necchi D, Nervo T. Effect of Mitoquinone on sperm quality of cryopreserved stallion semen. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 141:105168. [PMID: 39151811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (Mitoquinone, MitoQ) on the quality of frozen-thawed stallion semen. Semen samples collected from three fertile stallions aged 10 - 13 years, were filtered, centrifuged in a skimmed milk-based extender, and diluted to a final concentration of 50 × 106 sperm/mL in freezing medium. Diluted semen was divided into five experimental groups supplemented with MitoQ at concentrations of 0 (control), 25, 50, 100, and 200 nM and then subjected to freezing after cooling and equilibration. After thawing, semen was evaluated for motility and kinetics at different time points. Sperm viability, plasma membrane, acrosome, DNA integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations were evaluated. The results revealed that MitoQ at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 nM improved (P< 0.01) the total sperm motility after 30 minutes of incubation. In addition, 25 nM MitoQ improved the sperm amplitude of lateral head displacement values (P< 0.01) after 30 minutes of incubation. Conversely, negative effects on sperm motility, kinetics, and viability were observed with the highest tested concentration of MitoQ (200 nM). The various concentrations of MitoQ did not affect the plasma membrane, acrosome, and DNA integrity, or the mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ROS concentrations. In conclusion, supplementation of MitoQ during cryopreservation, had a mild positive effect on sperm motility and kinetics especially at a concentration of 25 nM, while the highest concentration (200nM) has a detrimental effect on motility and viability parameters of frozen-thawed stallion sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R Elkhawagah
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Gian Guido Donato
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy.
| | | | - Nicola A Martino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Leila Vincenti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Denis Necchi
- Keros Insemination and Embryo Transfer Center, Passendale, Belgium
| | - Tiziana Nervo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
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Pezo F, Contreras MJ, Zambrano F, Uribe P, Risopatron J, Andrade AFCD, Yeste M, Sánchez R. Thawing of cryopreserved sperm from domestic animals: Impact of temperature, time, and addition of molecules to thawing/insemination medium. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 268:107572. [PMID: 39128319 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in optimizing the protocols intended to sperm cryopreservation in domestic animals. These protocols include initial cooling, freezing, and thawing. While different attempts have been devised to improve sperm cryopreservation, the efficiency of this reproductive biotechnology is still far from being optimal. Furthermore, while much attention in improving cooling/freezing, less emphasis has been made in how thawing can be ameliorated. Despite this, the conditions through which, upon thawing, sperm return to physiological temperatures are much relevant, given that these cells must travel throughout the female genital tract until they reach the utero-tubal junction. Moreover, the composition of the media used for artificial insemination (AI) may also affect sperm survival, which is again something that one should bear because of the long journey that sperm must make. Furthermore, sperm quality and functionality decrease dramatically during post-thawing incubation time. Added to that, the deposition of the thawed sperm suspension devoid of seminal plasma in some species during an AI is accompanied by a leukocyte migration to the uterine lumen and with it the activation of immune mechanisms. Because few reviews have focused on the evidence gathered after sperm thawing, the present one aims to compile and discuss the available information concerning ruminants, pigs and horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Pezo
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - María José Contreras
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Fabiola Zambrano
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pamela Uribe
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jennie Risopatron
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Center of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Andre Furugen Cesar de Andrade
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marc Yeste
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Raúl Sánchez
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Center of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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Aguila L, Cabrera P, Arias ME, Silva M, Felmer R. Effect of sperm treatment with lysolecithin on in vitro outcomes of equine intracytoplasmic sperm injection. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 138:105095. [PMID: 38810588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in horses is currently employed for clinical and commercial uses, but the protocol could be optimized to improve its efficiency. We have hypothesized that destabilization of plasma and acrosomal membranes prior to injection would positively impact the developmental potential of equine zygotes generated by ICSI. This study evaluated effects of the sperm treatment with lysolecithin on plasma and acrosomal membranes and on oocyte activation ability, initially following heterologous ICSI on bovine oocytes and subsequently employing equine oocytes. The effects of the lysolecithin -treatment on the efficiency of conventional and piezo-assisted equine ICSI were evaluated. To do this, the equine sperm were treated with different concentrations of lysolecithin and the sperm plasma membrane, acrosome and DNA integrity were evaluated by flow cytometry. The results showed that a lysolecithin concentration of 0.08 % destabilized the membranes of all sperm and affected DNA integrity within the range described for the species (8-30 %). In addition, the heterologous ICSI assay showed that lysolecithin treatment was detrimental to the sperm's ability to activate the oocyte, therefore, chemical oocyte activation was used after equine ICSI after injection with lysolecithin -treated sperm. This group showed similar developmental rate to the control group with and without exogenous activation. In conclusion, lysolecithin pre-treatment is not necessary when using ICSI to produce equine embryos in vitro. The results from the current study provide additional insight regarding the factors impacting ICSI in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aguila
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile
| | - P Cabrera
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile; Doctoral Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile
| | - M E Arias
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile; Department of Agricultural Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile
| | - M Silva
- Departament of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4811322, Chile
| | - R Felmer
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile; Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile.
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de Moura TCM, Arruda LCP, Cahú TB, Bezerra RDS, Carneiro GF, Guerra MMP. Carboxymethylchitosan with medium-molecular-weight affects kinectics and acrosome of stallion sperm after freezing/thawing. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 126:104489. [PMID: 37003395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Semen cryopreservation ensures the storage of stallion genetics for an unlimited time. The improvement of extenders with new antioxidant substances can optimize the properties of post-thawed semen. The study aimed to investigate the addition effect of medium-molecular-weight carboxymethylchitosan (CQm) derivates to freezing diluent of stallion sperm after freezinf/thawing. Twice a week, five ejaculates of four stallions were obtained, totalizing 20 ejaculates. Semen was diluted in commercial freezing extender (Botucrio) supplemented with CQm: control (0), 0.75, 1.5, and 3 mg/mL. Samples were filled in straws (0.5 mL) and submitted to freezing and storage at -196°C. Thawing was performed at 37°C/30 s, and the samples of each group were analyzed for kinetics, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome membrane integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential . The addition of 1.5 and 3 mg/mL CQm showed lower values (P < .05) of total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP) and wobble (WOB), comparing to control group. Besides, it was observed lower (P < .05) percentages of sperm with intact acrosomes in the group treated with 3 mg/mL of CQm than control group. In conclusion, high concentration of medium-molecular-weight carboxymethylchitosan to freezing diluent damages kinematic and acrosome of stallion sperm after freezing/thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalles Cloves Maciel de Moura
- Andrology Laboratory (ANDROLAB), Departament of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Lúcia Cristina Pereira Arruda
- Andrology Laboratory (ANDROLAB), Departament of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Thiago Barbosa Cahú
- Enzimology Laboratory (LABENZ), Departament of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ranilson de Souza Bezerra
- Enzimology Laboratory (LABENZ), Departament of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ferrer Carneiro
- Andrology Laboratory (ANDROLAB), Departament of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Madalena Pessoa Guerra
- Andrology Laboratory (ANDROLAB), Departament of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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