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Madrigal-Valverde M, Loiola MVG, de Freitas Júnior JE, Santiago MR, Dantas LL, Menezes AA, de Matos Brandão Carneiro I, Xavier GM, Araujo EAB, Pereira JR, Bittencourt RF. Improving Milk Yield, Milk Quality, and Follicular Functionality Behavior in Dairy Cows from the Implementation of Microencapsulated Chili Pepper Supplements in Their Diets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2361. [PMID: 39199895 PMCID: PMC11350710 DOI: 10.3390/ani14162361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluates the effect of including microencapsulated hot chili pepper (MHCP) in the diet of crossbred dairy cows on the volume and quality of milk and on ovarian morphofunctionality. Twenty-four crossbred females in their lactating period were used. The cows were divided into two experimental groups, a control (CT) and an MHCP -supplemented group (CP) given 1 g a day per animal of microencapsulated hot chili in concentrate for 42 days. Over seven weeks of daily milk production was measured, and sample milk was collected weekly for composition analysis. Animals were subject to an ovulation synchronization protocol on day 0 (D0), and an intravaginal progesterone (P4) implant, estradiol benzoate, and prostaglandin (PGF2α) were administered. On D8, the P4 implant was removed and PGF2α, equine chorionic gonadotropin, and estradiol cypionate were administered to the animals. The ovarian dynamics were evaluated in B mode and color Doppler. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the group X time interaction, the volume of milk produced, and the amount in kg/day of milk components. There was a higher percentage of vascularization in the preovulatory follicle in the CP group (p ≥ 0.10). The findings show that the inclusion of MHCP in the diet of dairy cows does influence their milk production and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Madrigal-Valverde
- Escuela de Agronomía, Campus Tecnológico Local San Carlos, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, San Carlos, Alajuela 223-21001, Costa Rica
- Área Académica del Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales para el Desarrollo, Campus Tecnológico Local San Carlos, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, San Carlos, Alajuela 223-21001, Costa Rica
- Doctorado en Ciencia Naturales de para el Desarrollo (DOCINADE), Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Costa Rica
| | - Marcus Vinicius Galvão Loiola
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (M.V.G.L.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (M.R.S.); (L.L.D.); (A.A.M.); (I.d.M.B.C.); (G.M.X.); (E.A.B.A.); (R.F.B.)
| | - José E. de Freitas Júnior
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (M.V.G.L.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (M.R.S.); (L.L.D.); (A.A.M.); (I.d.M.B.C.); (G.M.X.); (E.A.B.A.); (R.F.B.)
| | - Murilo R. Santiago
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (M.V.G.L.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (M.R.S.); (L.L.D.); (A.A.M.); (I.d.M.B.C.); (G.M.X.); (E.A.B.A.); (R.F.B.)
| | - Lara Lôbo Dantas
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (M.V.G.L.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (M.R.S.); (L.L.D.); (A.A.M.); (I.d.M.B.C.); (G.M.X.); (E.A.B.A.); (R.F.B.)
| | - Artur Azevedo Menezes
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (M.V.G.L.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (M.R.S.); (L.L.D.); (A.A.M.); (I.d.M.B.C.); (G.M.X.); (E.A.B.A.); (R.F.B.)
| | - Isabella de Matos Brandão Carneiro
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (M.V.G.L.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (M.R.S.); (L.L.D.); (A.A.M.); (I.d.M.B.C.); (G.M.X.); (E.A.B.A.); (R.F.B.)
| | - Gleice Mendes Xavier
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (M.V.G.L.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (M.R.S.); (L.L.D.); (A.A.M.); (I.d.M.B.C.); (G.M.X.); (E.A.B.A.); (R.F.B.)
| | - Endrigo Adonis Braga Araujo
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (M.V.G.L.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (M.R.S.); (L.L.D.); (A.A.M.); (I.d.M.B.C.); (G.M.X.); (E.A.B.A.); (R.F.B.)
| | | | - Rodrigo Freitas Bittencourt
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (M.V.G.L.); (J.E.d.F.J.); (M.R.S.); (L.L.D.); (A.A.M.); (I.d.M.B.C.); (G.M.X.); (E.A.B.A.); (R.F.B.)
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Stefanov M. Primo Vascular System: Before the Past, Bizarre Present and Peek After the Future. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2022; 15:61-73. [DOI: 10.51507/j.jams.2022.15.1.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Stefanov
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Nutrition, Agricultural Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Evidence-Based Application of Acupuncture in Theriogenology. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9020053. [PMID: 35202306 PMCID: PMC8880739 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Historical evidence of acupuncture predates written history. It has been a component of Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine for many generations and is officially recognized in recorded history for treating equine disease in the Zhou Dynasty, circa 1050 BC. Drawing from a range of searchable databases, we present the use of veterinary acupuncture related to theriogenology. We touch on human-based medicine only as an introduction to current uses within veterinary medical acupuncture. This review is confined to the use of acupuncture encompassing dry needle, electroacupuncture, aquapuncture, and the few reports of laserpuncture. Starting with acupuncture’s influence on the master organs of reproduction, the hypothalamus and the pituitary glands, and the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, we then review reports specific to the gonads—ovaries and testicles—and then its influences on the uterus. From there, we review reports on the influence of acupuncture on pain associated with reproductive surgery, and finally, on the use of acupuncture for maternal lactation. Based on published reports, we conclude that acupuncture has been shown to be effective in many situations as a treatment for infertility and/or reproductive tract disfunction, resulting in improvements in both female and male patients.
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Brito LS, da Silva Cavalcante AK, Rodrigues AS, Ferraz PA, Bittencourt RF, Maggitti Junior LDP, Vasconcelos IC, Carôso BSS, Lents MP, Loiola MVG, Madrigal-Valverde M, Bastos MCBB, de Brito OS, de Lisboa Ribeiro Filho A. Evaluation of ImageJ software in ultrasonic image analysis: Follicular and luteal morphological characteristics of cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 236:106907. [PMID: 34923194 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of two methodologies in evaluating B- and Doppler-mode ultrasonic images: analysis using ultrasonic software and utilizing a computer with ImageJ software. To determine if ImageJ software utilization is an efficacious alternative to ultrasonic software device- analysis, there were comparisons of values when using the two methods for morphological and vascular characteristics of follicular dynamics and luteal function in 18 crossbred cattle. From day 8 of an ovarian dynamics synchronization treatment regimen period until the time of ovulation (Day 10), B-mode and power-flow ultrasonic cineloops were obtained every 12 h to assess follicular diameter, wall area, and wall blood perfusion area. On Day 14 after ovulation, US cineloops of ovaries were obtained in B mode and power flow to evaluate various morphological and vascular characteristics of the corpus luteum (CL), including luteal diameter, luteal area, and CL blood perfusion area. Cineloops were evaluated and analyzed using ultrasonic software, and in a computer with ImageJ software. To evaluate consistency in results between the two methods, there was evaluation utilizing paired t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman plot, and Linear Regression Test procedures to calculate proportion of bias between values for measurements of variables evaluated. Results indicated none of the values for variables before and after ovulation differed (P > 0.05). It, therefore, was concluded that utilization of ImageJ software is an efficacious biomedical technique to analyze ultrasonic images of morphological and vascular characteristics before and after ovulation in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindomar Sousa Brito
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Ana Karina da Silva Cavalcante
- Center for Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Assis Ferraz
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Bia Santos Souza Carôso
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Maicon Pereira Lents
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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