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Singha S, Kumar S, Dutta R, Patowary AN, Phukan B, Bhagawati K, Sharma D, Bordoloi B, Sarma DK. Can Puntius sophore breed artificially under controlled conditions? Tracing the life cycle of Puntius sophore through artificial captive breeding. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 268:107577. [PMID: 39142255 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The development of new strategies for breeding indigenous fish species is of utmost importance in the wake of unfavorable weather events, as a result of climate change. Therefore, an attempt has been made to achieve artificial breeding of an indigenous barb, Puntius sophore. Two groups of juvenile fish, collected from the wild, were reared till sexual maturation. One group was reared under a natural photothermal regime and the other was reared under strictly controlled conditions with photothermal stimulation till sexual maturation and subsequently, hormonal stimulation with OVAFISH was also done for inducement of spawning. The spawning efficiencies were analyzed and the results in terms of latency period (6.74 Hrs), ovulation rate (92.2 %), fertilization rate (90.6 %), hatching rate (89.9 %), and spawning efficiency coefficient (Se) (0.828) were found better in Puntius sophore reared under the indoor controlled condition with photothermal manipulation and hormone administration compared to the group of fish which was reared under a natural photothermal with a hormonal stimulation. The results of this study demonstrate the captive artificial breeding of Puntius sophore spawners reared under a natural photothermal regime and controlled photothermal regime in indoor conditions. The outcome of the present study can be used for developing key strategies for a climate smart aquaculture for fish farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanayaima Singha
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Shivendra Kumar
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Dholi, Muzaffarpur, Bihar 843121, India
| | - Rajdeep Dutta
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | | | - Bipul Phukan
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Kaustubh Bhagawati
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Darshana Sharma
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Biswajyoti Bordoloi
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India; Fisheries Research Centre, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam 785013, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Sarma
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India.
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Król R, Nowosad J, Kupren K, Piech P, Kujawa R, Fopp-Bayat D, Dąbrowski M, Zielonka Ł, Kucharczyk D. Effect of temperature and spawning agents on wild female asp (Leuciscus aspius) reproductive efficiency under controlled conditions. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 265:107489. [PMID: 38718480 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Artificial reproduction is a bottleneck to produce stocking material for many species of freshwater fish. One of these species is the asp, Leuciscus aspius. Research in the field of artificial reproduction of this species is very scarce and often incomplete. There are no breeding protocols specifying optimal environmental conditions and hormonal stimulation for many species of rheophilic cyprinids, including asp. Since the number of natural asp populations is constantly decreasing, it is important to support natural stocks by restocking with high quality stocking material. For this reason, optimized protocols are needed to breed this species under controlled conditions to produce stocking material with high biodiversity and good health. Such an approach will make it possible to maintain the population of natural asp at a constant level. The aim of this study was to develop the protocol of asp artificial reproduction using optimized thermal conditions and appropriate hormonal stimulation. In experiment I, the influence of constant temperature (10.0, 12.0 and 14.0 °C) on the effectiveness of artificial reproduction of asp. In experiment II, the effectiveness of asp reproduction was checked after the application of spawning agents: Ovopel, Ovaprim or a combination of these two agents The obtained results indicate that for the final maturation of oocytes (FOM) and artificial reproduction of asp in controlled conditions, water temperatures of 10-12 °C are the most useful. Under these thermal conditions, the highest percentages of female's ovulation and embryo survival, as well as the percentage of hatching, were obtained. Hormone injections are necessary to perform final oocyte maturation (FOM) in female asp in captivity. All spawning agents used were especially useful for artificial reproduction of asp, however, the best values of the studied indices, such as ovulation rate and embryo survival, were obtained after the application of Ovaprim or the combination of Ovopel and Ovaprim in water temperature at a range of 10-12 °C. It was found that the pH of ovarian fluid may be a preliminary indicator of the biological quality of eggs in asps. The optimal pH value is 8.0-8.4. At pH below 7.4, no viable embryos were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Król
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Joanna Nowosad
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, Gutkowo, Olsztyn 11-041, Poland; Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kupren
- Department of Tourism, Recreation & Ecology, Institute of Engineering and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Przemysław Piech
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland; Department of Animal Welfare and Research, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Roman Kujawa
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Dorota Fopp-Bayat
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Łukasz Zielonka
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Dariusz Kucharczyk
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland; Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, Gutkowo, Olsztyn 11-041, Poland.
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3
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Singha S, Kumar S, Gogoi K, Saharia PK, Dutta R, Patowary AN, Baishya S, Bhagawati K, Bordoloi B, Sarma DK. Can sympathetic induction be a convenient technique for breeding Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton, 1822)? Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 264:107473. [PMID: 38626644 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Mola carplet (Amblypharyngodon mola) is one of the most popular small fish species of the Indian subcontinent. There are limited studies on captive breeding of this species, which is important for aquaculture and the conservation prospects of this species. The conventional induced breeding method using an inducing agent (GnRHa and dopamine antagonist) is one of the most effective and prevalent methods of breeding fish. It is a laborious and time-consuming process, particularly in mass fish breeding and in lieu of that, a less time-consuming method - sympathetic induction of the broodstock, is used in some regions of India, particularly in big carp fish. However, this method has not been reported in commercial-scale breeding of small indigenous fish species. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to compare the spawning efficiency of Amblypharyngodon mola bred by sympathetic induction with the conventional complete induced breeding method. The spawning performance in terms of latency period, relative fecundity, fertilization rate, incubation period, and hatching rates of sympathetically induced Amblypharyngodon mola were compared to completely induced Amblypharyngodon mola brooders. Although the latency period (7.8 hrs), relative fecundity (39 nos./g), fertilization rates (81.61%) and spawning efficiency coefficient (0.681) were better in conventionally induced fish, but lower post-spawning mortality (1.29%) and better hatching rates (86.21%) were observed in sympathetically induced fish. The results indicate that quality offspring of Amblypharyngodon mola could be obtained in terms of survivability through sympathetic breeding. Sympathetic induction breeding could be a cost-effective, convenient, time-saving method of mass-scale breeding and aquaculture of Amblypharyngodon mola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanayaima Singha
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Shivendra Kumar
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Dholi, Muzaffarpur, Bihar 843121, India
| | | | - Pabitra Kumar Saharia
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Rajdeep Dutta
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | | | - Sangipran Baishya
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Kaustubh Bhagawati
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Biswajyoti Bordoloi
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India; Fisheries Research Centre, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam 785013, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Sarma
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India.
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Kucharczyk D, Fopp W, Wojtyszek P, Nowosad J, Kucharczyk DJ, Drężek J, Kołosińska A, Omirzhanova N, Dietrich GJ. Artificial reproduction of wild and pond-cultured common tench (Tinca tinca) under controlled conditions. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 261:107411. [PMID: 38219435 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The common tench is an important thermophilic freshwater fish used for aquaculture diversification. This species is farmed in ponds as well as caught in the wild in many European and China. Artificial reproduction under controlled conditions is one of the most important part of modern aquaculture. In this study, two experiments were conducted in which the influence of hormonal agents (Ovopel and Ovaprim - experiment I) and the origin of the spawning stock (wild and pond-cultured - experiment II) on the success of reproduction in terms of ovulation rate (%), latency time (h), pseudo-gonadosomatic index (PGSI, %), hatching rate (%), abnormal larvae rate (%), and spawning efficiency coefficient (Se) were examined. While the wild fish could not reproduce in the absence of hormonal treatment with 0 % ovulation rate. In all tested hormonal treatment allowed to obtain high-quality eggs with hatching rates of over 83 %. Significant differences in latency time were observed among groups from different origins, such as differences in ovulation rate (79 % vs. 90 %, for pond-cultured and wild fish, respectively), PGSI (8.2 vs. 8.9), and hatching rate (63.8 % vs. 84.3 %), which showed significantly better quality in fish from the wild than those from pond culture. This means that when spawners of common tench of various origins are available, it is better to choose spawners from natural waters for artificial reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Kucharczyk
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Fopp
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland; Fish Farm Wąsosze, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Nowosad
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, National Inland Fisheries Research Institute, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Daria J Kucharczyk
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jakub Drężek
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Microbiology and Mycology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kołosińska
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz J Dietrich
- Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, National Inland Fisheries Research Institute, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Kucharczyk D, Jaczewski J, Nowosad J, Łuczyński MK, Piech P, Dietrich G, Kucharczyk DJ, Drężek J, Kotsyumbas IY, Muzyka WP, Brezvyn OM, Stejskal V. Artificial reproduction of the indoor-cultured brackish form of maraena whitefish (Coregonus maraena) under recirculated aquaculture system (RAS) conditions. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 257:107329. [PMID: 37716089 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Maraena whitefish (Coregonus maraena) is a promising coldwater aquaculture species, especially in terms of meat quality. This versatile whitefish species, which inhabits both fresh and brackish waters, including the Baltic Sea, offers promising prospects for aquaculture breeding and cultivation. However, the main problem is the lack of availability of spawners of this species. Therefore, in this study, an attempt was made to raise the spawning stock under controlled conditions and then artificially reproduce the fish to obtain high-quality gametes and then larvae. The conducted research showed that successful culture of maraena whitefish spawners is possible under recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) conditions. The application of proper nutrition and manipulation of environmental conditions allowed the breeding of sexually mature whitefish spawners in less than two years in captivity (meat weight 476 g). Through stimulation of environmental conditions (temperature and photoperiod), it was possible to stimulate the final maturation of gametes of the F1 generation of cultured fish. The use of Ovaprim hormonal stimulation induced 100% of females to ovulate within 10 days of injection, compared to 60% of females in the control group. Additionally, the other examined parameters, such as the pseudogonado-somatic index (PGSI: 11.46% vs. 6.80%), fertilization rate (94.2% vs. 60.1%), embryo survival rate (92.6% vs. 41.1%) and embryo survival rate to the eyed-egg-stage (90.0% vs. 28.0), were significantly higher in the hormonally induced group, finally two times and three times, respectively. The mortality rate of spawners, after spawning and within three months of artificial spawning, was extremely low. The results obtained from the study demonstrate the feasibility of culturing the spawning stock of maraena whitefish in captivity and successfully inducing artificial spawning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Kucharczyk
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jędrzej Jaczewski
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Nowosad
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Michał K Łuczyński
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Przemysław Piech
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Dietrich
- Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Daria J Kucharczyk
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jakub Drężek
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; Departament of Microbiology and Mycology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Warmia and Mazury University, Olsztyn
| | - Ihor Y Kotsyumbas
- State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Preparations and Feed Additives, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Wiktor P Muzyka
- State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Preparations and Feed Additives, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana M Brezvyn
- State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Preparations and Feed Additives, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Vlastimil Stejskal
- Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, 370 01 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Dadras H, Dadras F, Imentai A, Malinovskyi O, Pěnka T, Kolářová J, Policar T. Fine ultrastructural features of germ cells and spermatozoa during spermatogenesis in the European grayling, Thymallus thymallus (Teleostei, Salmoniformes, Salmonidae). Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1188479. [PMID: 37323849 PMCID: PMC10267372 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1188479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the ultrastructure of spermatogenic stages and mature spermatozoa in the European grayling, Thymallus thymallus. The testes were examined microscopically with a transmission electron microscope to find out details of the structure and morphology of the grayling germ cells, spermatozoa and some somatic cells. The grayling testis has a tubular shape, with cysts or clusters of germ cells within seminiferous lobules. The spermatogenic cells, including spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids, can be found along seminiferous tubules. There are electron-dense bodies in germ cells from the primary spermatogonia to secondary spermatocyte stages. These undergo mitosis to reach the secondary spermatogonia stage, when they form primary and secondary spermatocytes. Spermatids undergo three different stages of differentiation during spermiogenesis, characterized by the level of chromatin condensation, elimination of cytoplasm, and the occurrence of the flagellum. The midpiece of spermatozoa is short and contains spherical or ovoid mitochondria. The sperm flagellum has an axoneme with nine doublets of peripheral microtubules and two central microtubules. The result of this study is valuable to be used as a standard reference for germ cell development, which is of great importance to get a clear insight into the process of grayling breeding practice.
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Kodela T, Jesenšek D, Sušnik Bajec S. Reproduction parameters of hatchery reared grayling (Thymallus thymallus) females. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 249:107196. [PMID: 36680926 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) is an endangered salmonid fish species and its populations have decreased considerably in European waters in recent decades. One of the conservation measures applied to grayling is stocking with hatchery-reared fish. To advance the knowledge of grayling reproduction in the hatchery, husbandry data were systematically collected in the period from 2006 to 2015 during grayling spawning seasons and analyzed to quantify grayling female reproductive parameters such as fecundity, egg size, and embryo survival to the eyed egg stage. Data was collected for first time spawners (3 years old) and repeat spawners reared in the hatchery. Statistically significant differences were found for the number of eggs between first time spawners, producing on average 3600 eggs, and repeat spawners, producing on average 8000 eggs. Absolute fecundity was positively correlated to grayling female total length and weight for both first time and repeat spawners. However, relative fecundity did not correlate with these parameters. A positive correlation was observed between female total length and mean egg weight for repeat spawners, while the correlation was negative for first time spawners. Heavier eggs tended to have a higher rate of survival until the eyed egg stage, though the correlation was stronger for first time spawners than for repeat spawners. Due to the higher reproductive success of repeat spawners, it could be concluded that larger and older grayling females should be included in hatchery reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjaša Kodela
- Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, Spodnje Gameljne 61 a, 1211 Ljubljana-Šmartno, Slovenia
| | - Dušan Jesenšek
- Zavod Sara Vuri, Prekomorskih brigad 10, 5220 Tolmin, Slovenia
| | - Simona Sušnik Bajec
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Kujawa R, Piech P, Nowosad J, Kucharczyk D. Comparison of different methods of wild vimba bream Vimba vimba (L.) spawning under controlled conditions. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 244:107036. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Kucharczyk D, Nowosad J, Łubowski T, Ablaisanova GM, Zeghloul T, Abdel-Latif HMR. Influence of the source of spawners' origin on oocyte maturity stages and suitability for artificial reproduction of wild pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) females during spawning season. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 243:107025. [PMID: 35749982 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pikeperch is one of the major new fish species in freshwater aquaculture. Artificial reproduction is difficult in this species, and many aspects require further study. These include synchronization of female maturation, latency time, gamete quality and spawner survival rate. For these reasons, many fish farmers must constantly replenish their spawning pikeperch stock, often with wild fish. Data on the suitability for the reproduction of wild fish obtained in several lakes during the reproduction period were collected in this study. The findings indicated that larger fish (> 1.5 kg BW) and those obtained in larger and deeper lakes (> 12.0 m mean depth vs. < 5.0 m mean depth, respectively, for deep and shallow lakes) were more valuable to fish farmers during the spawning season when they were obtained because a higher percentage of suitability for artificial reproduction and a higher embryo survival rate was observed for them. The mean embryo survival rate was high and was 84.5 ± 3.9 % on the 3rd day after fertilization and 79.7 ± 3.4 % at hatching. Among the group of the smallest females (< 1.5 kg), the highest percentage of nonsynchronous oocyte maturation occurred. This result demonstrated the successful procedure of both artificial reproduction and a successful method for selecting females for spawning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Kucharczyk
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; ChemProf Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Joanna Nowosad
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Łubowski
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; Fish Farm Ławki, Poland
| | - Gulmira M Ablaisanova
- Kazakh National Agrarian University, Kazakhstan LLP, Fisheries Research and Production Center, Kazakhstan
| | - Toufik Zeghloul
- National Center for Research and Development of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Hany M R Abdel-Latif
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
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