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Bai H, Zhang Z, Shen W, Fu Y, Cao Z, Liu Z, Yang C, Sun S, Wang L, Ling Y, Zhang Z, Cao H. Metabolomics Analysis of Sodium Salicylate Improving the Preservation Quality of Ram Sperm. Molecules 2023; 29:188. [PMID: 38202772 PMCID: PMC10780297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sodium salicylate (SS) on the preservation and metabolic regulation of sheep sperm. Under 4 °C low-temperature conditions, SS (at 10 µM, 20 µM, 30 µM, and 50 µM) was added to the semen diluent to detect sperm motility, plasma membrane, and acrosome integrity. Based on the selected optimal concentration of SS (20 µM), the effects of 20 µM of SS on sperms' antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were evaluated, and metabolomics analysis was conducted. The results showed that on the 20th day of low-temperature storage, the sperm motility of the 20 µM SS group was 62.80%, and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.01). The content of Ca2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.01), and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05); mitochondrial activity and the total cholesterol (TC) content were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.01). An ultrastructural examination showed that in the SS group, the sperm plasma membrane and acrosome were intact, the fibrous sheath and axoneme morphology of the outer dense fibers were normal, and the mitochondria were arranged neatly. In the control group, there was significant swelling of the sperm plasma membrane, rupture of the acrosome, and vacuolization of mitochondria. Using metabolomics analysis, 20 of the most significant differential metabolic markers were screened, mainly involving 6 metabolic pathways, with the amino acid biosynthesis pathway being the most abundant. In summary, 20 µM of SS significantly improved the preservation quality of sheep sperm under low-temperature conditions of 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wenzheng Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhikun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zibo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shixin Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yinghui Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hongguo Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Sharafi M, Borghei-Rad SM, Hezavehei M, Shahverdi A, Benson JD. Cryopreservation of Semen in Domestic Animals: A Review of Current Challenges, Applications, and Prospective Strategies. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233271. [PMID: 36496792 PMCID: PMC9739224 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is a way to preserve germplasm with applications in agriculture, biotechnology, and conservation of endangered animals. Cryopreservation has been available for over a century, yet, using current methods, only around 50% of spermatozoa retain their viability after cryopreservation. This loss is associated with damage to different sperm components including the plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs. To mitigate this damage, conventional strategies use chemical additives that include classical cryoprotectants such as glycerol, as well as antioxidants, fatty acids, sugars, amino acids, and membrane stabilizers. However, clearly current protocols do not prevent all damage. This may be due to the imperfect function of antioxidants and the probable conversion of media components to more toxic forms during cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sharafi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- Semex Alliance, Guelph, ON N1H 6J2, Canada
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (J.D.B.)
| | - Seyyed Mohsen Borghei-Rad
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Maryam Hezavehei
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Shahverdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - James D. Benson
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (J.D.B.)
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Zwiefelhofer EM, Lillico W, Adams GP. Development of a letrozole-based synchronization protocol for fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 240:106975. [PMID: 35483319 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.106975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Experiments were done to determine ovulation synchrony following a 4-day letrozole treatment (Exp 1), compare the efficacy of a letrozole-based protocol with other commonly used synchronization protocols for FTAI (Exp 2), and test a new intravaginal letrozole-releasing device (LRD) with and without pre-synchronization (Exp 3). In Exp 1, heifers and lactating cows at random stages of the estrous cycle were given an LRD for 4 days, PGF at LRD removal, and GnRH at 48 or 60 h after PGF, or no GnRH. In Exp 2, heifers and lactating cows were assigned to three FTAI groups: i) LRD, ii) estradiol+progesterone, iii) 5-d Co-synch+PRID. In Exp 3, heifers were pre-synchronized with PGF or not (control) 8 days before insertion of either an X-LRD or T-LRD for 3 days; FTAI was done 48 h after device removal. In Exp 1, the variation in interval to ovulation in cows, but not heifers, in the GnRH 48-h group was less than half that in other groups (P < 0.05). In Exp 2, the P/AI was lower (P < 0.001) in the LRD group compared to the other groups. In Experiment 3, the X-LRD increased (P < 0.0001) plasma letrozole concentrations compared to the T-LRD; the pregnancy rate was not affected by pre-synchronization or the type of LRD. Although ovulation synchrony was achieved following LRD treatment, the LRD group had the lowest P/AI compared to other protocols, perhaps because of too short an interval between LRD removal and GnRH/FTAI. Drug delivery was enhanced with the new X-LRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Zwiefelhofer
- Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Will Lillico
- Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Gregg P Adams
- Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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