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Cívico-Ortega JL, González-Ruiz I, Ramos-García P, Cruz-Granados D, Samayoa-Descamps V, González-Moles MÁ. Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11888. [PMID: 37569265 PMCID: PMC10419199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the current evidence in relation to the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies published before November 2022. We evaluated the quality of primary-level studies using the QUIPS tool, conducted meta-analyses, examined inter-study heterogeneity via subgroup analyses and meta-regressions, and performed small-study effects analyses. Fifty primary-level studies (4631 patients) met the inclusion criteria. EGFR overexpression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.38, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.06-1.79, p = 0.02), N+ status (odds ratio [OR] = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.01-1.86, p = 0.04), and moderately-poorly differentiated OSCC (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.05-1.94, p = 0.02). In addition, better results were obtained by the application of a cutoff point ≥10% tumor cells with EGFR overexpression (p < 0.001). In conclusion, our systematic review and meta-analysis supports that the immunohistochemical assessment of EGFR overexpression may be useful as a prognostic biomarker for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Cívico-Ortega
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.L.C.-O.); (D.C.-G.); (V.S.-D.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel González-Ruiz
- Hospital Universitario San Juan de Reus, CAP Marià Fortuny, 43204 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.L.C.-O.); (D.C.-G.); (V.S.-D.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - David Cruz-Granados
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.L.C.-O.); (D.C.-G.); (V.S.-D.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Valerie Samayoa-Descamps
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.L.C.-O.); (D.C.-G.); (V.S.-D.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.L.C.-O.); (D.C.-G.); (V.S.-D.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
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Hernández-Flores JB, Santos-Jaimes E, Gaitán-Cepeda LA. Necrotizing sialometaplasia of the tonsillar pillar. An unusual case. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e211-e214. [PMID: 33575007 PMCID: PMC7864363 DOI: 10.4317/jced.57341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing Sialometaplasia (NS) is a rare, benign, self-limited, inflammatory and necrotizing reaction of the salivary glandular tissue. Due to the clinical picture (a painful ulcer with well-defined edges), and histopathological characteristics (nuclear and cellular pleomorphism of ductal cells) NS can mimic a malignant lesion. The correct diagnosis is important because NS shows a spontaneous resolution and therefore no further treatment is needed. We report a very unusual case of spontaneous and recurrent NS located on the anterior tonsillar pillar in a 43-year old man, which clinically mimics a malignant lesion. The clinician should be aware to include NS in the differential diagnosis of ulcers in soft palate and tonsillar pillars. Key words:Minor salivary gland, necrotizing sialometaplasia, oral ulcer, squamous cell carcinoma, tonsillar pillar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julissa-Brillit Hernández-Flores
- Second year resident of Oral pathology program, Graduate and Research Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Edmundo Santos-Jaimes
- Professor of Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Graduate and Research Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Luis-Alberto Gaitán-Cepeda
- Full time Professor of Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Graduate and Research Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Mexico city, Mexico
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Dash KC, Mahapatra N, Bhuyan L, Panda A, Behura SS, Mishra P. An Immunohistochemical Study Showing Ki-67 as an Analytical Marker in Oral Malignant and Premalignant Lesions. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S274-S278. [PMID: 33149470 PMCID: PMC7595483 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_83_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ki-67 is a nuclear protein. It is a proliferation marker that has an essential function in tumorigenesis due to its positive connection with tumor expansion. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the articulation of Ki‑67 as prognostic marker in various grades of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods A total of 100 histologically affirmed samples of normal oral mucosa (NOM), OED, and OSCC were divided into three groups-Group I (10 samples of normal oral mucosa), Group II (45 samples of OED), Group III (45 samples of OSCC). Routine hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining with Ki-67 monoclonal antibody were carried out in all the samples. Results Within Group I, articulation of Ki-67 was constrained to the basal layers. In Group II, cells showing positive expression of Ki-67 were available in the basal, suprabasal, and spinous layers. Cells showing positive expression of Ki-67 among well-differentiated OSCC were presented mainly in the periphery of the tumor nests; in moderately differentiated OSCC, cells were located in both peripheral and part of a center of the tumor nests; and in most cases of poorly differentiated OSCC, cells were diffused. Statistically significant difference in positive expression of Ki-67 was appreciated between three groups. Conclusion Ki-67 antigen may perhaps be used as a marker for the histological reviewing of OED and OSCC. With the increase in the severity of OED, cells showing positive expression of Ki-67 also increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash C Dash
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Niva Mahapatra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Lipsa Bhuyan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Abikshyeet Panda
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shyam S Behura
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pallavi Mishra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Ahmad B, Asif M, Ali A, Jamal S, Khan MZ, Khadim MT. Expression of Ki-67 and Βeta-Catenin in Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Oral Mucosal Biopsies : An Immunohistochemical Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:157-161. [PMID: 31983178 PMCID: PMC7294027 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.1.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To examine the immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and beta-catenin in pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in oral mucosal biopsies. Methods: In this comparative cross sectional study, 70 cases of each PEH and OSCC were taken from the patients of both genders and in all age groups. Study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi from Dec 2017 to March 2019. Statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS Version 24.0. We used Chi-Squared test with p value of < 0.05 which was considered as statistically significant. Results: In the current study, 80 (57.1%) male and 60 (42.8%) female patients with the mean age of 51.69 ± 16.121 (mean ± SD) years were included. It was found that 6-25% Ki-67 labeling index was observed in all (70) PEH cases, which involved only basal layer of the epithelium. Whereas, Ki-67 labeling index was highly expressed in tumor of high grade malignancy than tumor of low grade malignancy. On the other hand, expression of membranous beta-catenin was higher in PEH and cytoplasmic beta-catenin expression was higher in OSCC. Conclusion : It is concluded that Ki-67 and beta-catenin showed significant expression in PEH and OSCC in oral mucosal biopsies especially those with intense inflammation or unoriented tissue, helping the clinicians to arrive at a final diagnosis before planning any surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismah Ahmad
- Department of Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Asif
- Department of Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Anam Ali
- Department of Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Jamal
- Department of Histopathology, Watim Medical and Dental College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaib Khan
- Department of Endodontics , Margalla Institute of Health Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Tahir Khadim
- Department of Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Is necrotizing sialometaplasia an oncological problem? INT J PEDIAT OTO CAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pedeo.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Necrotizing sialometaplasia of the parotid gland associated with facial nerve paralysis. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2017; 118:63-65. [PMID: 28330578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a benign inflammatory lesion involving most frequently the minor salivary gland of the hard palate. Involvement of the parotid gland is rare, involvement of the parotid gland associated with facial palsy is exceptional. CASE REPORT A 56-year-old male patient with Marfan syndrome presented with swelling and inflammation of the left parotid gland associated with progressively complete facial nerve paralysis. CT scan and MRI showed a parotid collection with hyper signal of the nearest tissues associated with erosion of the styloid process. A malignant tumor was suspected. The histological examination of a biopsy showed a lobulocentric process with necrosis, squamous metaplasia, and inflammation. The immunohistochemical examination supported a final diagnosis of necrotizing sialometaplasia. DISCUSSION Necrotizing sialometaplasia of the parotid gland associated with facial nerve paralysis presents like a malignant neoplasm, both clinically and histologically. Only advanced immunohistochemical examination can really confirm the diagnosis.
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Gomez A, Gladstone G. Necrotizing sialometaplasia of the lacrimal sac mimicking squamous cell carcinoma: Necrotizing dacyocystometaplasia. Orbit 2015; 35:48-50. [PMID: 26634609 DOI: 10.3109/01676830.2015.1099687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Necrotizing sialometaplasia is thought to represent an inflammatory reaction directed against an ischemic insult or local trauma within a glandular tissue and is most commonly observed in the minor salivary glands of the oral mucosa. The importance of this condition arises from the fact that its clinical and histological aspects may raise issues of differential diagnosis with malignant neoplasms. The authors present a case of necrotizing sialometaplasia involving the lacrimal sac simulating a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. CASE A 52-year-old man presented with epiphora in the left eye after having sustained an orbital blowout fracture during a motor vehicle accident. During subsequent external dacryocystorhinostomy, an abnormal lacrimal sac mucosa was observed and analyzed histologically revealing a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. However, the subsequent biopsies of the lacrimal sac were negative for malignancy; in view of these findings, two pathologists reviewed the first specimen and immunohistochemical staining was performed allowing us to arrive at a diagnosis of necrotizing sialometaplasia. We suggest the term necrotizing dacryocystometaplasia for the involvement at this site. CONCLUSION Although exceedingly unusual, necrotizing dacryocystomeplasia should be considered in patients presenting with epiphora in the appropriate clinical context. Notably, this condition can be mistaken for a malignant disease, presenting a diagnostic challenge both clinically and histopathologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Gomez
- a Oculoplastics, Consultants in Ophthalmic and Facial Plastic Surgery , Southfield , Michigan , USA
| | - Geoffrey Gladstone
- a Oculoplastics, Consultants in Ophthalmic and Facial Plastic Surgery , Southfield , Michigan , USA
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Garewal J, Garewal R, Sircar K. Expression of Bcl-2 and MIB-1 Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)- A Comparative Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:QC01-4. [PMID: 25177617 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/6474.4562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoplasia results from various genetic and epigenetic factors. Our study focused on the pathogenesis which involved an imbalance in various molecular mechanisms which regulated cell proliferation and apoptosis. The anti-apoptotic mechanism is regulated by Bcl-2 gene, while Ki-67 is expressed exclusively in nuclei of proliferating cells. This study was done to evaluate the basic pathologic process which underlay well and poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty cases of oscc were selected, out of which 11 were well differentiated, 9 were moderately differentiated and 10 were poorly differentiated. Three slides of 4μm thickness were prepared out of each sample, which were then subjected to Hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E) staining and two types of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Immunohistochmical markers used were Ki-67 (proliferative marker using MIB-1 (Molecular Immunology Borstel 1) antibody) and Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic marker). The number of MIB-1 and Bcl-2 positive cells was calculated from ten different high power fields, by counting the number of positive cells per 50 cells in each field, by making a grid pattern. The overall percentage value for each case was evaluated for MIB-1 and Bcl-2 positive cells. Karl-Pearson's co-relation coefficient was calculated between MIB-1 and Bcl-2 in each group. The aim of this study was to co-relate the expression of Ki-67, a proliferative marker, by using MIB-1 antibody and Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic marker in various grades of oscc and also to determine whether there was any co-relation between these two markers in the 30 cases of oscc . RESULTS A statistically significant increase for MIB-1 and a statistically significant decrease for Bcl-2 was found in well to moderately to poorly differentiated Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A statistically significant co-relation was also found between MIB-1 and Bcl-2 in poorly differentiated oscc . CONCLUSION MIB-1 expression is predominant in well, moderate and poorly differentiated SCCs. Bcl-2 expression is predominant in well differentiated than in moderately and poorly differentiated oscc , which suggested that apoptosis probably played a major role in the early stages of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Garewal
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, National Dental College and Hospital , Derabassi, India
| | - Ripin Garewal
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, National Dental College and Hospital , Derabassi, India
| | - Keya Sircar
- Faculty, Department of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia Dental College , New Delhi, India
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Allon I, Kaplan I, Allon DM, Vered H, Shlomi B, Hirshberg A. HIF-1α, VEGF, and EGFR: contributing factors in the pathogenesis of necrotizing sialometaplasia. Oral Dis 2013; 20:440-5. [PMID: 23837804 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NS) is an uncommon reactive lesion involving the minor salivary glands. This study aimed to investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the pathogenesis of NS. METHODS Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 10 cases of NS were immunohistochemically stained for HIF-1α, VEGF, and EGFR. A semiquantitative morphometric analysis was performed and compared with normal palatal salivary glands and traumatic ulcerations. RESULTS Hypoxia-inducible factor alpha staining was observed in most elements of the affected area, the acini and ducts of the involved salivary glands as well as in the inflammatory infiltrate, the endothelial cells, and stromal cells. HIF-1α was almost absent in the control glands (P < 0.0001). VEGF staining was positive in the stromal capillaries and in the inflammatory infiltrate. The expression was higher in cases of NS compared with the normal salivary glands (P < 0.001). EGFR was expressed in the surface epithelium, the pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia, and the islands of squamous metaplasia. VEGF expression in traumatic ulcerations was lower than that in cases of NS. CONCLUSION This study provides molecular evidence to the role of hypoxia in NS; HIF-1α, the main regulator of hypoxia, was expressed in the infarcted salivary glands, EGFR in the metaplastic epithelium and VEGF in the stromal capillaries, all three components are the key factors induced by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Allon
- Department of Oral Pathology & Oral Medicine, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Devine M, Sammut S, Conn B, Lopes V. Necrotising sialometaplasia in the floor of mouth. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013; 18:119-21. [PMID: 23793784 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-013-0420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Necrotising sialometaplasia is a benign self-limiting inflammatory process which occurs in the salivary gland tissue. The condition is a diagnostic challenge mimicking malignancy both clinically and histopathologically. Commonly, it presents in the hard palate. CASE REPORT Here, we report an unusual case in a 56-year-old man which presented in the floor of the mouth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Devine
- Combined Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Edinburgh Dental Institute, Lauriston Building, Lauriston Place, Edinburgh, EH3 9HA, Scotland, UK,
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