Mansourian A, Shanbehzadeh N, Kia SJ, Moosavi MS. Increased salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 in non-reticular oral lichen planus.
An Bras Dermatol 2017;
92:168-171. [PMID:
28538873 PMCID:
PMC5429099 DOI:
10.1590/abd1806-4841.20174964]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Oral lichen planus is a potentially malignant disorder. One of the malignant
transformation markers is cancer stem cells. One of the proposed marker for
the detection of cancer stem cells's in head and neck cancer is aldehyde
dehydrogenase. Recently it is shown that aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 expression
in tissue samples is associated with oral lichen planus malignant
transformation.
Objective
This study evaluates salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 in oral lichen
planus.
Method
Thirty patients and 30 age and sex-matched healthy volunteers were recruited.
Oral lichen planus was diagnosed based on the modified World Health
Organization criteria. Subjects in the case group were divided into
reticular and non-reticular forms. Unstimulated salivary samples were
collected at 10-12 AM. Saliva concentrations of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1
were measured by ELISA.
Results
The differences between aldehyde dehydrogenase levels in the oral lichen
planus group compared with the control group were not significant but
aldehyde dehydrogenase in non-reticular oral lichen planus was significantly
higher than that of the reticular form.
Limitations of the study
This is a cross-sectional study, thus longitudinal studies in oral lichen
planus may present similar or different results.
Conclusions
The mechanism of malignant transformation in oral lichen planus is not
defined. Previous analyses revealed that the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1
expression is significantly correlated with increased risk of
transformation. This finding is consistent with our results because in the
erosive and ulcerative forms of oral lichen planus, which have an increased
risk of transformation, salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 was overexpressed.
A higher salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase level in non-reticular oral lichen
planus can be a defensive mechanism against higher oxidative stress in these
groups. Aldehyde dehydrogenase may be one of the malignant transformation
markers in oral lichen planus. Further studies are needed for introducing
aldehyde dehydrogenase as a prognostic indicator in certain lesions.
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