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Arnason S, Molewijk K, Henningsson AJ, Tjernberg I, Skogman BH. Brain damage markers neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B in serum in children with Lyme neuroborreliosis-detection and evaluation as prognostic biomarkers for clinical outcome. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 41:1051-1057. [PMID: 35665437 PMCID: PMC9250468 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-022-04460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common tick-borne infection in Europe, with Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) its second most frequent clinical manifestation. Prognostic factors for clinical outcomes in LNB have not been identified. Elevated serum levels of the brain damage markers neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) have been associated with poor clinical outcomes in other disorders of the central nervous system. The aim of this study is to assess NSE and S100B in serum as prognostic biomarkers for clinical outcomes in paediatric LNB patients. Children evaluated for LNB (n = 121) in Sweden were prospectively included during 2010–2014, serum samples were collected on admission, and all children underwent a 2-month follow-up. Patients with pleocytosis and anti-Borrelia antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were classified as having LNB (n = 61). Controls were age- and gender-matched non-LNB patients (n = 60). NSE was elevated in 38/61 (62%) LNB patients and in 31/60 (52%) controls. S100B was elevated in 3/60 (5%) LNB patients and 0/59 (0%) controls. NSE and S100B concentrations did not differ significantly when comparing LNB patients with controls. No differences were found in the concentrations when comparing the clinical recovery of LNB patients at the 2-month follow-up. NSE was detectable in the majority of LNB patients and controls, whereas S100B was detectable in only a few LNB patients and no controls. NSE and S100B in serum cannot be recommended as prognostic biomarkers for clinical outcomes in children with LNB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigurdur Arnason
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology - CLINTEC, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 52, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Astrid Lindgren's Children's Hospital, Eugeniavägen 23, 171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kesia Molewijk
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Södra Grev Rosengatan 42 B, S-703 62, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna J Henningsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,National Reference Laboratory for Borrelia and Other Tick-Borne Bacteria, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine, Region Jönköping County, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Microbiology in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ivar Tjernberg
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Region Kalmar County, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Barbro H Skogman
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Södra Grev Rosengatan 42 B, S-703 62, Örebro, Sweden.,Center for Clinical Research Dalarna - Uppsala University, Nissers väg 3, S-791 82, Falun, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology - CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, S-141 52, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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Wang L, Long M, Wang M, Peng S, Chen G, Zhou J, Ou C. Trigeminal neuralgia causes neurodegeneration in rats associated with upregulation of the CD95/CD95L pathway. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920908092. [PMID: 32013712 PMCID: PMC7054737 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920908092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore the effects of trigeminal neuralgia on neurodegeneration
in rats and the underlining mechanism. Methods Sixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into
Chronic Constriction Injury of the Rat’s Infraorbital Nerve
(ION-CCI) group and sham group (n = 30). Right
suborbital nerve was ligated in ION-CCI group to establish a
trigeminal neuralgia model. In sham group, suborbital nerve was
exposed without ligation. Pain thresholds were measured before
surgery and 1, 7, 15, and 30 days after surgery
(n = 10). Morris water maze tests
(n = 10) were conducted at 1, 15, and
30 days after surgery to evaluate the changes in learning and
memory ability of rats. At 5, 19, and 34 days after surgery,
serum S100β protein concentration and hippocampal Aβ1-42 protein
expression were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;
total tau protein expression was detected by Western blotting;
changes of neurons in hippocampus were observed by Nissl
staining; and the expression of ser404p-tau, cluster
of differentiation (CD)95, CD95L, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins
was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Results Hyperalgesia occurred in ION-CCI group, and mechanical pain
threshold decreased significantly
(P < 0.05). On the 15th and 30th days after
surgery, ION-CCI group showed lower learning and memory ability
than sham group (P < 0.05). Serum S100β
protein concentration, hippocampal A β1-42, and
ser404p-tau protein expression increased in the
ION-CCI group 19 and 34 days after surgery
(P < 0.05), hippocampal CD95 expression
increased in the ION-CCI group after surgery
(P < 0.05), hippocampal CD95L expression
increased at 19 and 34 days after surgery
(P < 0.05), and cleaved caspase-3 expression
increased at 5 and 19 days after surgery
(P < 0.05). Nissl bodies in ION-CCI group
decreased significantly at 15 days after surgery. The expression
of cleaved caspase-3 protein in ION-CCI group was positively
correlated with the expression of CD95 and CD95L
(P < 0.05). Conclusions Trigeminal neuralgia may lead to neuronal inflammation and neuronal
apoptosis associated with upregulation of CD95/CD95L expression,
thus causing neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Menghong Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Maohua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuangchun Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guangxiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Cehua Ou
- Pain Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
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Direct postoperative protein S100B and NIRS monitoring in infants after pediatric cardiac surgery enrich early mortality assessment at the PICU. Heart Lung 2020; 49:731-736. [PMID: 32896683 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromonitoring using plasmatic biomarkers such as S100B and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) represents a standard procedure for detecting cerebral damage after cardiac surgery. Their use in pediatric clinical assessment, however, is negligible. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to evaluate the predictive role of S100B levels and cerebral oxygenation in postoperative pediatric cardiac patients for survival and potential cerebral injuries. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of infants after cardiac surgery. Primary outcome was survival until discharge. Intra/postoperative vital signs and laboratory data were measured and statistically analyzed. RESULTS Seven out of 226 infants were non-survivors. Non-survivors had significantly lower cerebral saturation than survivors, as well as elevated S100B values at admission, associated with lower arterial pressure and higher serum lactate levels. CONCLUSION Although significant differences of S100B and crO2 values between survivors and non-survivors were found, no critical thresholds could be established from the data. Nevertheless, changes from the norm in these parameters should raise awareness for critical clinical development.
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Fernández-López L, Molina-Carballo A, Cubero-Millán I, Checa-Ros A, Machado-Casas I, Blanca-Jover E, Jerez-Calero A, Madrid-Fernández Y, Uberos J, Muñoz-Hoyos A. Indole Tryptophan Metabolism and Cytokine S100B in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Daily Fluctuations, Responses to Methylphenidate, and Interrelationship with Depressive Symptomatology. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2020; 30:177-188. [PMID: 32048862 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2019.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Indole tryptophan metabolites (ITMs), mainly produced at the gastrointestinal level, participate in bidirectional gut-brain communication and have been implicated in neuropsychiatric pathologies, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: A total of 179 children, 5-14 years of age, including a healthy control group (CG, n = 49), and 107 patients with ADHD participated in the study. The ADHD group was further subdivided into predominantly attention deficit (PAD) and predominantly hyperactive impulsive (PHI) subgroups. Blood samples were drawn at 20:00 and 09:00 hours, and urine was collected between blood draws, at baseline and after 4.63 ± 2.3 months of methylphenidate treatment in the ADHD group. Levels and daily fluctuations of ITM were measured by tandem mass spectrometer, and S100B (as a glial inflammatory marker) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Factorial analysis of variance (Stata 12.0) was performed with groups/subgroups, time (baseline/after treatment), hour of day (morning/evening), and presence of depressive symptoms (DS; no/yes) as factors. Results: Tryptamine and indoleacetic acid (IAA) showed no differences between the CG and ADHD groups. Tryptamine exhibited higher evening values (p < 0.0001) in both groups. No changes were associated with methylphenidate or DS. At baseline, in comparison with the rest of study sample, PHI with DS+ group showed among them much greater morning than evening IAA (p < 0.0001), with treatment causing a 50% decrease (p = 0.002). Concerning indolepropionic acid (IPA) MPH was associated with a morning IPA decrease and restored the daily profile observed in the CG. S100B protein showed greater morning than evening concentrations (p = 0.001) in both groups. Conclusion: Variations in ITM may reflect changes associated with the presence of DS, including improvement, among ADHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Fernández-López
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neuropediatría y Neurodesarrollo, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina-Carballo
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neuropediatría y Neurodesarrollo, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel Cubero-Millán
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neuropediatría y Neurodesarrollo, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Checa-Ros
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neuropediatría y Neurodesarrollo, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Irene Machado-Casas
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neuropediatría y Neurodesarrollo, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique Blanca-Jover
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neuropediatría y Neurodesarrollo, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Jerez-Calero
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neuropediatría y Neurodesarrollo, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | | | - José Uberos
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neuropediatría y Neurodesarrollo, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Muñoz-Hoyos
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neuropediatría y Neurodesarrollo, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
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