Tumeurs glomiques : étude anatomoclinique de 14 cas avec revue de littérature

Nail-preserving excision of glomus tumor in the second toe: Case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION

This case report describes the diagnosis of a glomus tumor in the second toe of a 38-year-old female, followed by surgical treatment utilizing a transungual approach to preserve the nail. This study highlights the diagnostic challenges and surgical strategies to treat such tumors while preserving nail integrity.

PATIENT CONCERNS

Pain occurred once a week, but over time, it increased, and just before seeking medical attention, she experienced pain more than 5 times a day. The pain worsened when cold water touched her toe.

DIAGNOSIS

We observed a slight hump indicating nail plate deformity, and the patient exhibited severe pinpoint tenderness (positive Love test) in the affected area. Color duplex ultrasound was performed for further investigation, revealing a hypervascular hypoechoic nodule measuring 0.5 cm in size at the nail bed of the right second toe.

INTERVENTION

The surgery was performed under digital nerve block anesthesia using a modified transungual nail-preserving approach for the excision of the glomus tumor.

OUTCOMES

The pain that was reported prior to the surgery has improved postoperatively, and the recovery has been uneventful without any other complication.

CONCLUSION

This paper provides a comprehensive examination of a rare glomus tumor in the second toe, elucidating both diagnostic intricacies and treatment modalities. It emphasizes the dual necessity of achieving total tumor excision while also considering aesthetic outcomes. The insights presented herein are intended to serve as valuable guidance for clinicians confronted with similar clinical scenarios, underlining the delicate interplay between effective tumor management and the preservation of cosmetic integrity.

[Gastric glomus tumors. Interest of ultrasound endoscopic biopsies for the diagnosis. About two cases]

Glomus tumors are rare mesenchymal tumors, mostly benign, although a few malignant cases have been described in the literature. These tumors are usually localized subcutaneously or subcutaneously, however they may exceptionally be gastric localized. We report two new observations diagnosed on biopsies performed by echo endoscopy. The first was a 66-year-old man and the second a 78-year-old man. In both cases, the lesions were on astral, nodular, and very limited location. The biopsies revealed a tumor proliferation of trabecular architecture, composed by monomorphic cells, with eosinophilic cytoplasm, medium size, with a rounded, regular nucleus, without mitosis or necrosis, with distended and branched capillaries on the periphery. In immunohistochemical studies, tumor cells expressed smooth muscle actin and caldesmone. The proliferation index KI 67 was very low. In practice, however, preoperative diagnosis remains difficult because there is no typical appearance in imaging or echo-endoscopy to distinguish them from other gastric parietal tumors. To date, there is no consensus on the therapeutic management of gastric glomus tumors. However, endoscopic resection by dissection under the mucosa associated with endoscopic monitoring seems to be a method of choice as well as a way to postpone open or laparoscopic surgery, especially when these tumors are small (<30mm).

Glomus tumour of the fourth toe: case discussion and review of literature

This is a case report with literature review and discussion of current diagnostic studies and management of a rare case of glomus tumour in the fourth toe of a 36-year-old male patient.

Glomus tumor of the leg: a case report

Glomus tumors are uncommon benign tumors developing from the neuro-myo-arterial glomus body. They are typically located in the fingers. The extra-digital involvement is unusual and makes diagnosis difficult. Only few cases have been reported in literature. We report an exceptional case of a glomus tumor of the lower leg in a 65-year-old male. The diagnosis was clinically suspected and confirmed by a biopsy. Surgical excision gave immediate pain relief. The aim of this report is to make the surgical community more aware of this entity based on the analysis of our own experience and a review of the literature.

[Solitary subungual glomangioma]

BACKGROUND

Glomangiomas are benign vascular tumours. They are usually multiple, painless and extradigital. Herein we report a case of a solitary subungual glomangioma.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

This 65-year-old woman presented with a history of bluish, asymptomatic, subungual lesions located in the lunula of her right thumb. Surgical exploration by a transungual approach showed a large bluish, well-circumscribed tumour, which was completely excised. Histological examination revealed numerous dilated blood vessels surrounded by aggregates of glomus cells, which was consistent with the diagnosis of glomangioma.

DISCUSSION

Glomus tumours are benign tumours arising from glomus cells. Histopathologically, based on the predominant tissue type present, glomus tumours are classified as solid glomus tumours, glomangiomas or glomangiomyomas. The classical form usually consists of a painful erythematous nodule with exaggerated sensitivity to cold and pressure. The nails are frequently involved, with two sites of predilection: the matrix and the nail bed. Vascular forms of glomus tumours or glomangiomas have a different clinical presentation and are usually multifocal, bluish, painless and extradigital. Diagnosis is frequently based on histological examination. Our observation raises the question of differential diagnosis with regard to matrix melanocytic tumours (blue nevi or melanomas).

CONCLUSION

We report the case of a solitary subungual glomangioma. Histological examination is necessary to rule out a clinically indistinguishable benign or malignant melanocytic tumour.

[Glomus tumor of volar elbow capsule. Case report]

Glomus tumors are rare tumors, benign but painful and responsible for a major functional impairment. Although their preferential localization is digital, 35% of glomus tumors are extradigital. Ignorance of this disease characterized by atypical clinical signs and the absence of specific imaging are responsible for a significant diagnostic delay, 7 to 10 years in extradigital forms. Treatment by surgical excision simply ensures immediate disappearance of pain without recurrence in 90% of cases. It is therefore necessary to emphasize the existence of this sometimes debilitating condition benefiting from effective therapeutic solution. We report the case of a glomus tumor of the anterior capsule of the left elbow in a 24-year-old woman with a diagnostic delayed by 12 years.

[Glomus tumor of the dorsal aspect of the wrist: a case report]

Extra-digital glomus tumors are extremely rare and difficult to diagnose. The authors report a case of glomus tumor of the dorsal aspect of the wrist, discovered incidentally after surgical resection in a 71-year-old patient.

[Glomus tumor of the finger pulp: an unusual pediatric case]

Glomus tumor is a rare benign tumor. Diagnosis is often delayed because of the absence of specific symptoms and confirmation can only be made by histological study. Treatment is always surgical. We report a clinical case of glomus tumor of the thumb pulp in a 6-year-old girl, and we discuss clinical, radiological and histological aspects of this tumor.

Short-scar surgical approach for the treatment of glomus tumor of the digit

BACKGROUND

A glomus tumor is a biologically benign neoplasm. The traditional surgical approach to treat this tumor boasts the lowest recurrence rates but may cause nail deformities.

OBJECTIVE

A short-scar surgical approach was applied, with the aim of preserving the aesthetics of the nail.

METHODS

Between January 1999 and January 2009, 25 patients who underwent surgery for a glomus tumor were included in the study. All patients underwent radical resection with three different surgical approaches based on the location of the tumor.

RESULTS

All patients who were operated on had complete regression of pain immediately after surgery and at postsurgery follow-ups.

CONCLUSION

The treatment of glomus tumors consists of surgical excision, which is successful if properly executed. Excision of sensitive afferent nervous fibers is a prerequisite to achieve regression of pain. A short-scar surgical approach ensures complete eradication of the tumor and preservation of nail aesthetics.