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Pu J, Chen D, Tian G, He J, Zheng P, Huang Z, Mao X, Yu J, Luo Y, Luo J, Yan H, Wu A, Yu B. All-trans retinoic acid alleviates transmissible gastroenteritis virus-induced intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction in weaned piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:22. [PMID: 38331814 PMCID: PMC10854194 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00978-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is one of the main pathogens causing severe diarrhea of piglets. The pathogenesis of TGEV is closely related to intestinal inflammation. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is the main active metabolite of vitamin A, which has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is unclear whether ATRA can alleviate TGEV-induced intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction in piglets. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ATRA on growth performance, diarrhea, intestinal inflammation and intestinal barrier integrity of TGEV-challenged piglets. METHODS In a 19-d study, 32 weaned piglets were randomly divided into 4 treatments: Control group (basal diet), TGEV group (basal diet + TGEV challenge), TGEV + ATRA5 group (basal diet + 5 mg/d ATRA + TGEV challenge) and TGEV + ATRA15 group (basal diet + 15 mg/d ATRA + TGEV challenge). On d 14, piglets were orally administered TGEV or the sterile medium. RESULTS Feeding piglets with 5 and 15 mg/d ATRA alleviated the growth inhibition and diarrhea induced by TGEV (P < 0.05). Feeding piglets with 5 and 15 mg/d ATRA also inhibited the increase of serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity and the decrease of occludin and claudin-1 protein levels in jejunal mucosa induced by TGEV, and maintained intestinal barrier integrity (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, 5 mg/d ATRA feeding increased the sucrase activity and the expressions of nutrient transporter related genes (GLUT2 and SLC7A1) in jejunal mucosa of TGEV-challenged piglets (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 5 mg/d ATRA feeding attenuated TGEV-induced intestinal inflammatory response by inhibiting the release of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and promoting the secretion of IL-10 and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) (P < 0.05). Feeding 5 mg/d ATRA also down-regulated the expressions of Toll-like receptors and RIG-I like receptors signaling pathway related genes (TLR3, TLR4, RIG-I, MyD88, TRIF and MAVS) and the phosphorylation level of nuclear factor-κB-p65 (NF-κB p65), and up-regulated the inhibitor kappa B alpha (IκBα) protein level in jejunal mucosa of TGEV-challenged piglets (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ATRA alleviated TGEV-induced intestinal barrier damage by inhibiting inflammatory response, thus improving the growth performance and inhibiting diarrhea of piglets. The mechanism was associated with the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway mediated by TLR3, TLR4 and RIG-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junning Pu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Tian
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhou J, Ma L, Li J, Yang L, Ouyang H, Yuan H, Pang D. Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus: An Update Review and Perspective. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020359. [PMID: 36851573 PMCID: PMC9958687 DOI: 10.3390/v15020359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a member of the alphacoronavirus genus, which has caused huge threats and losses to pig husbandry with a 100% mortality in infected piglets. TGEV is observed to be recombining and evolving unstoppably in recent years, with some of these recombinant strains spreading across species, which makes the detection and prevention of TGEV more complex. This paper reviews and discusses the basic biological properties of TGEV, factors affecting virulence, viral receptors, and the latest research advances in TGEV infection-induced apoptosis and autophagy to improve understanding of the current status of TGEV and related research processes. We also highlight a possible risk of TGEV being zoonotic, which could be evidenced by the detection of CCoV-HuPn-2018 in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuanzhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lerong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Hongming Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (D.P.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6175 (D.P.)
| | - Daxin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (D.P.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6175 (D.P.)
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Sokullu E, Gauthier MS, Coulombe B. Discovery of Antivirals Using Phage Display. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061120. [PMID: 34200959 PMCID: PMC8230593 DOI: 10.3390/v13061120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The latest coronavirus disease outbreak, COVID-19, has brought attention to viral infections which have posed serious health threats to humankind throughout history. The rapid global spread of COVID-19 is attributed to the increased human mobility of today's world, yet the threat of viral infections to global public health is expected to increase continuously in part due to increasing human-animal interface. Development of antiviral agents is crucial to combat both existing and novel viral infections. Recently, there is a growing interest in peptide/protein-based drug molecules. Antibodies are becoming especially predominant in the drug market. Indeed, in a remarkably short period, four antibody therapeutics were authorized for emergency use in COVID-19 treatment in the US, Russia, and India as of November 2020. Phage display has been one of the most widely used screening methods for peptide/antibody drug discovery. Several phage display-derived biologics are already in the market, and the expiration of intellectual property rights of phage-display antibody discovery platforms suggests an increment in antibody drugs in the near future. This review summarizes the most common phage display libraries used in antiviral discovery, highlights the approaches employed to enhance the antiviral potency of selected peptides/antibody fragments, and finally provides a discussion about the present status of the developed antivirals in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esen Sokullu
- Department of Translational Proteomics, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Marie-Soleil Gauthier
- Department of Translational Proteomics, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
| | - Benoit Coulombe
- Department of Translational Proteomics, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (B.C.)
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Heydari H, Golmohammadi R, Mirnejad R, Tebyanian H, Fasihi-Ramandi M, Moosazadeh Moghaddam M. Antiviral peptides against Coronaviridae family: A review. Peptides 2021; 139:170526. [PMID: 33676968 PMCID: PMC7931737 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Coronaviridae family comprises large enveloped single-stranded RNA viruses. The known human-infecting coronaviruses; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), novel SARS-CoV-2, human coronavirus (HCoV)-NL63, HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43 and HKU1 cause mild to severe respiratory infections. The viral diseases induced by mammalian and avian viruses from Coronaviridae family pose significant economic and public health burdens. Due to increasing reports of viral resistance, co-infections and the emergence of viral epidemics such as COVID-19, available antiviral drugs show low or no efficacy, and the production of new treatments or vaccines are also challenging. Therefore, demand for the development of novel antivirals has considerably increased. In recent years, antiviral peptides have generated increasing interest as they are from natural and computational sources, are highly specific and effective, and possess the broad-spectrum activity with minimum side effects. Here, we have made an effort to compile and review the antiviral peptides with activity against Coronaviridae family viruses. They were divided into different categories according to their action mechanisms, including binding/attachment inhibitors, fusion and entry inhibitors, viral enzyme inhibitors, replication inhibitors and the peptides with direct and indirect effects on the viruses. Reported studies suggest optimism with regard to the design and production of therapeutically promising antiviral drugs. This review aims to summarize data relating to antiviral peptides particularly with respect to their applicability for development as novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Heydari
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Golmohammadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Mirnejad
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Tebyanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fasihi-Ramandi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Phage Display Technique as a Tool for Diagnosis and Antibody Selection for Coronaviruses. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1124-1134. [PMID: 33687511 PMCID: PMC7941128 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02398-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phage display is one of the important and effective molecular biology techniques and has remained indispensable for research community since its discovery in the year 1985. As a large number of nucleotide fragments may be cloned into the phage genome, a phage library may harbour millions or sometimes billions of unique and distinctive displayed peptide ligands. The ligand–receptor interactions forming the basis of phage display have been well utilized in epitope mapping and antigen presentation on the surface of bacteriophages for screening novel vaccine candidates by using affinity selection-based strategy called biopanning. This versatile technique has been modified tremendously over last three decades, leading to generation of different platforms for combinatorial peptide display. The translation of new diagnostic tools thus developed has been used in situations arising due to pathogenic microbes, including bacteria and deadly viruses, such as Zika, Ebola, Hendra, Nipah, Hanta, MERS and SARS. In the current situation of pandemic of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a search for neutralizing antibodies is motivating the researchers to find therapeutic candidates against novel SARS-CoV-2. As phage display is an important technique for antibody selection, this review presents a concise summary of the very recent applications of phage display technique with a special reference to progress in diagnostics and therapeutics for coronavirus diseases. Hopefully, this technique can complement studies on host–pathogen interactions and assist novel strategies of drug discovery for coronaviruses.
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Porcine enteric coronaviruses: an updated overview of the pathogenesis, prevalence, and diagnosis. Vet Res Commun 2021; 45:75-86. [PMID: 34251560 PMCID: PMC8273569 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent prevalence of coronavirus (CoV) poses a serious threat to animal and human health. Currently, porcine enteric coronaviruses (PECs), including the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), the novel emerging swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV), and re-emerging porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), which infect pigs of different ages, have caused more frequent occurrences of diarrhoea, vomiting, and dehydration with high morbidity and mortality in piglets. PECs have the potential for cross-species transmission and are causing huge economic losses in the pig industry in China and the world, which therefore needs to be urgently addressed. Accordingly, this article summarises the pathogenicity, prevalence, and diagnostic methods of PECs and provides an important reference for their improved diagnosis, prevention, and control.
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7
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Sun X, Li L, Pan L, Wang Z, Chen H, Shao C, Yu J, Ren Y, Wang X, Huang X, Zhang R, Li G. Infectious bronchitis virus: Identification of Gallus gallus APN high-affinity ligands with antiviral effects. Antiviral Res 2020; 186:104998. [PMID: 33340637 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a coronavirus, causes infectious bronchitis (IB) with high morbidity and mortality, and gives rise to huge economic losses for the poultry industry. Aminopeptidase N (APN) may be one of the IBV functional receptors. In this study, Gallus gallus APN (gAPN) protein was screened by phage-displayed 12-mer peptide library. Two high-affinity peptides H (HDYLYYTFTGNP) and T (TKFSPPSFWYLH) to gAPN protein were selected for in depth characterization of their anti-IBV effects. In vitro, indirect ELISA showed that these two high-affinity ligands could bind IBV S1 antibodies. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, virus yield reduction assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay results revealed 3.125-50 μg/ml of peptide H and 6.25-50 μg/ml of peptide T reduced IBV proliferation in chicken embryo kidney cells (CEKs). In vivo, high-affinity phage-vaccinated chickens were able to induce specific IBV S1 antibodies and IBV neutralizing antibodies. QRT-PCR results confirmed that high-affinity phages reduced virus proliferation in chicken tracheas, lungs and kidneys, and alleviated IBV-induced lesions. By multiple sequence alignment, motif 'YxYY' and 'FxPPxxWxLH' of high-affinity peptides were identified in IBV S1-NTD, while another motif 'YxFxGN' located in S2. These results indicated that high affinity peptides of gAPN could present an alternative approach to IB prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Long Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Huijie Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Changhao Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jia Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yudong Ren
- College of Electrical and Information Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ruili Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Guangxing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Li Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Luo X, Lei W, Xie L. Antiviral and virucidal effects of curcumin on transmissible gastroenteritis virus in vitro. J Gen Virol 2020; 101:1079-1084. [PMID: 32677610 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging coronaviruses represent serious threats to human and animal health worldwide, and no approved therapeutics are currently available. Here, we used Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) as the alpha-coronavirus model, and investigated the antiviral properties of curcumin against TGEV. Our results demonstrated that curcumin strongly inhibited TGEV proliferation and viral protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. We also observed that curcumin exhibited direct virucidal abilities in a dose-, temperature- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, time-of-addition assays showed that curcumin mainly acted in the early phase of TGEV replication. Notably, in an adsorption assay, curcumin at 40 µM resulted in a reduction in viral titres of 3.55 log TCID50 ml-1, indicating that curcumin possesses excellent inhibitory effects on the adsorption of TGEV. Collectively, we demonstrate for the first time that curcumin has virucidal activity and virtual inhibition against TGEV, suggesting that curcumin might be a candidate drug for effective control of TGEV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoming Li
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 30415, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 30415, PR China
| | - Yinchuan Liu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 30415, PR China
| | - Xiang Luo
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 30415, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Lei
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 30415, PR China
| | - Lilan Xie
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 30415, PR China
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Yuan P, Huang S, Yang Z, Xie L, Wang K, Yang Y, Ran L, Yu Q, Song Z. UBXN1 interacts with the S1 protein of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus and plays a role in viral replication. Vet Res 2019; 50:28. [PMID: 31029162 PMCID: PMC6487014 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV) is an enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes diarrhea in pigs and is associated with high morbidity and mortality in sucking piglets. S1 is one of two protein domains in the spike (S) glycoprotein and is responsible for enteric tropism, sialic acid recognition, and host receptor binding. Although there has been extensive research on the S1 protein of TGEV, little is known about the intracellular role of TGEV-S1. In the present study, we used yeast two-hybrid screening of a cDNA library from porcine intestinal cells to identify proteins that interact with TGEV-S1. Among 120 positive clones from the library, 12 intracellular proteins were identified after sequencing and a BLAST search. These intracellular proteins are involved in protein synthesis and degradation, biological signal transduction, and negative control of signaling pathways. Using a glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pulldown assay and Co-IP, we found that UBXN1 interacts with the S1 protein. Here, we observed that TGEV infection led to increased UBXN1 expression levels during the late phase of infection in IPEC-J2 cells. Inhibition of UBXN1 in IPEC-J2 cells via siRNA interference significantly decreased the viral titer and downregulated the expression of S1. UBXN1 overexpression significantly increased the viral copy number. Additionally, we provided data suggesting that UBXN1 negatively regulates IFN-β expression after TGEV infection. Finally, our research indicated that UBXN1 plays a vital role in the process of TGEV infection, making it a candidate target for the development of a novel antiviral method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yuan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Shilei Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Luyi Xie
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Lin Ran
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Qiuhan Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Zhenhui Song
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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Song Z, Yang Y, Wang L, Wang K, Ran L, Xie Y, Huang L, Yang Z, Yuan P, Yu Q. EIF4A2 interacts with the membrane protein of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus and plays a role in virus replication. Res Vet Sci 2018; 123:39-46. [PMID: 30583231 PMCID: PMC7111847 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV) is enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes diarrhea in pigs, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality in sucking piglets. The TGEV membrane (M) protein is a decisive protein for the proliferation of viral proteins, and is associated with virus assembly and budding. To identify the cellular proteins that interact with the TGEV M protein, yeast two-hybrid screening was employed, and seven cellular proteins were identified M-binding partners. Using the GST pull-down approach and a CO-IP assay, the M protein was found to interact with porcine intestinal cells via eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4-alpha (EIF4A2), an essential component of the cellular translational machinery. Additionally, confocal microscopy revealed that EIF4A2 and M were colocalized in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, the function of EIF4A2 in intestinal cells during TGEV infection was examined. A knockdown of EIF4A2 by siRNA markedly decreased M protein proliferation and TGEV replication in target cells. Thus demonstrating that EIF4A2 plays a significant role in TGEV replication. The present study provides mechanistic insight into the interaction between the TGEV M protein and intestinal cells which contributes to the understanding of coronavirus replication and may be useful for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for TGEV infection. Yeast two-hybrid system identified seven proteins to interact with TGEV M protein. EIF4A2 was confirmed to interact with and TGEV M protein via GST-pull down and CO-IP. Immunofluorescence revealed colocalization of EIF4A2 and M protein in the cytoplasm. EIF4A2 siRNA knockdown reduced TGEV replication in porcine IECs. EIF4A2 may be associated with TGEV replication in porcine intestinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Song
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Ling Ran
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yilu Xie
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - LeiShi Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Qiuhan Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Southwest University Chongqing People's Republic of China, Chongqing 402460, China
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11
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Hou P, Zhao G, He C, Wang H, He H. Biopanning of polypeptides binding to bovine ephemeral fever virus G 1 protein from phage display peptide library. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:3. [PMID: 29301517 PMCID: PMC5753476 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) glycoprotein neutralization site 1 (also referred as G1 protein), is a critical protein responsible for virus infectivity and eliciting immune-protection, however, binding peptides of BEFV G1 protein are still unclear. Thus, the aim of the present study was to screen specific polypeptides, which bind BEFV G1 protein with high-affinity and inhibit BEFV replication. Methods The purified BEFV G1 was coated and then reacted with the M13-based Ph.D.-7 phage random display library. The peptides for target binding were automated sequenced after four rounds of enrichment biopanning. The amino acid sequences of polypeptide displayed on positive clones were deduced and the affinity of positive polypeptides with BEFV G1 was assayed by ELISA. Then the roles of specific G1-binding peptides in the context of BEFV infection were analyzed. Results The results showed that 27 specific peptide ligands displaying 11 different amino acid sequences were obtained, and the T18 and T25 clone had a higher affinity to G1 protein than the other clones. Then their antiviral roles of two phage clones (T25 and T18) showed that both phage polypeptide T25 and T18 exerted inhibition on BEFV replication compared to control group. Moreover, synthetic peptide based on T18 (HSIRYDF) and T25 (YSLRSDY) alone or combined use on BEFV replication showed that the synthetic peptides could effectively inhibit the formation of cytopathic plaque and significantly inhibit BEFV RNA replication in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Two antiviral peptide ligands binding to bovine ephemeral fever virus G1 protein from phage display peptide library were identified, which may provide a potential research tool for diagnostic reagents and novel antiviral agents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-017-1315-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Hou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guimin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chengqiang He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Hongbin He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China.
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12
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Bacillus subtilis and surfactin inhibit the transmissible gastroenteritis virus from entering the intestinal epithelial cells. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170082. [PMID: 28270576 PMCID: PMC5469330 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells are the targets for transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus (TGEV) infection. It is urgent to develop a novel candidate against TGEV entry. Bacillus subtilis is a probiotic with excellent anti-microorganism properties and one of its secretions, surfactin, has been regarded as a versatile weapon for most plant pathogens, especially for the enveloped virus. We demonstrate for the first time that B. subtilis OKB105 and its surfactin can effectively inhibit one animal coronavirus, TGEV, entering the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2). Then, several different experiments were performed to seek the might mechanisms. The plaque assays showed that surfactant could reduce the plaque generation of TGEV in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, after incubation with TGEV for 1.5 h, B. subtilis could attach TGEV particles to their surface so that the number of virus to bind to the host cells was declined. Furthermore, our data showed that the inhibition of B. subtilis was closely related to the competition with TGEV for the viral entry receptors, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and aminopeptidase N (APN) protein. In addition, Western blotting and apoptosis analysis indicated that B. subtilis could enhance the resistance of IPEC-J2 cells by up-regulating the expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)-6 and reducing the percentage of apoptotic cells. Taken together, our results suggest that B. subtilis OKB105 and its surfactin can antagonize TGEV entry in vitro and may serve as promising new candidates for TGEV prevention.
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Hurwitz AM, Huang W, Estes MK, Atmar RL, Palzkill T. Deep sequencing of phage-displayed peptide libraries reveals sequence motif that detects norovirus. Protein Eng Des Sel 2017; 30:129-139. [PMID: 28035012 PMCID: PMC5241761 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzw074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Norovirus infections are the leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis and result in about 21 million new cases and $2 billion in costs per year in the United States. Existing diagnostics have limited feasibility for point-of-care applications, so there is a clear need for more reliable, rapid, and simple-to-use diagnostic tools in order to contain outbreaks and prevent inappropriate treatments. In this study, a combination of phage display technology, deep sequencing and computational analysis was used to identify 12-mer peptides with specific binding to norovirus genotype GI.1 virus-like particles (VLPs). After biopanning, phage populations were sequenced and analyzed to identify a consensus peptide motif-YRSWXP. Two 12-mer peptides containing this sequence, NV-O-R5-3 and NV-O-R5-6, were further characterized to evaluate the motif's functional ability to detect VLPs and virus. Results indicated that these peptides effectively detect GI.1 VLPs in solid-phase peptide arrays, ELISAs and dot blots. Further, their specificity for the S-domain of the major capsid protein enables them to detect a wide range of GI and GII norovirus genotypes. Both peptides were able to detect virus in norovirus-positive clinical stool samples. Overall, the work reported here demonstrates the application of phage display coupled with next generation sequencing and computational analysis to uncover peptides with specific binding ability to a target protein for diagnostic applications. Further, the reagents characterized here can be integrated into existing diagnostic formats to detect clinically relevant genotypes of norovirus in stool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Hurwitz
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology & Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wanzhi Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mary K Estes
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert L Atmar
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Timothy Palzkill
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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14
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Zheng J, Zhang H, Bao K, Gao W, Xu C, Xia C. Preparation of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Bovine Progesterone. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2015; 34:275-7. [PMID: 26301932 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2015.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Female, 8-week-old BALB/c mice were immunized with the progesterone complete antigen (P4-BSA). Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against P4, named 8G6 and 11A11, were obtained by the lymphocyte hybridoma technique. The titers of the cell culture supernatant and ascitic fluid of MAb 8G6 were 1: 16,000 and 1:512,000, respectively, and the titers of the cell culture supernatant and ascitic fluid of MAb 11A11 were 1: 8000 and 1:256,000, respectively. The subtypes of the MAbs 8G6 and 11A11 were IgMκ. In specific analysis, both of the two MAbs did not react with estradiol. These data demonstrated that the MAbs 8G6 and 11A11 have a potential use for developing diagnostic reagents of progesterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasan Zheng
- 1 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Hongyou Zhang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Kai Bao
- 1 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Weiming Gao
- 1 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Chuang Xu
- 1 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Xia
- 1 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, P.R. China .,2 Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China
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15
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Putative phage-display epitopes of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus S1 protein and their anti-viral activity. Virus Genes 2015; 51:217-24. [PMID: 26292945 PMCID: PMC7089464 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-015-1234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a pathogen of swine that causes severe diarrhea and dehydration resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality in newborn piglets. Phage display is a technique with wide application, in particular, the identification of key antigen epitopes for the development of therapeutic and diagnostic reagents and vaccines. To identify antigen epitopes with specificity for PEDV, a monoclonal antibody (MAb-5E12) against the immunodominant region of the PEDV Spike protein (S1) was used as the target for biopanning a 12-mer phage display, random peptide library.
After multiple rounds of biopanning and stringent washing, three phage-displayed peptides, designated L, W and H, were identified that recognize MAb-5E12. Sequence analysis showed that the one or more of the peptides exhibited partial sequence similarity to the native S1 sequence ‘MQYVYTPTYYML’ (designated peptide M) at position 201–212. In combination with software analysis for the prediction of B cell epitopes, aa 201–212 exhibited characteristics of a linear epitope on the PEDV S1 protein. In contrast to peptide M, a consensus motif ‘PxxY’ was identified on both peptides L and W, and on the S1 protein, but not on peptide H. Peptide M and the MAb-5E12-recognizing peptides L and W significantly inhibited the adsorption of PEDV on the cell surface as monitored through plaque-reduction assays. Furthermore, data from real-time PCR and indirect immunofluorescence assays were consistent with the ability of peptides M, L and W to block viral protein expression and thereby function as antiviral agents for PEDV.
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16
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Zhang D, Huang X, Zhang X, Cao S, Wen X, Wen Y, Wu R, Liang E. Construction of an oral vaccine for transmissible gastroenteritis virus based on the TGEV N gene expressed in an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vector. J Virol Methods 2015; 227:6-13. [PMID: 26297958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to develop an oral vaccine for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) based on the TGEV N gene expressed in an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vector and aimed to evaluate the vaccine's immune response in piglets. Recombinant plasmid pVAX-N was transformed into competent cells of attenuated S. typhimurium SL7207 via electroporation. After it was identified via RT-PCR and double digestion, the screened recombinant bacteria presenting pVAX-N were named SL7207 (pVAX-N). To evaluate the safety and stability of the developed vaccine, different dosages (5 × 10(8), 1 × 10(9), and 2 × 10(9) CFU/mice) of SL7207 (pVAX-N) were inoculated to 6-week-old mice. Piglets below 20 days of age were dosed with 1 × 10(12) CFU. Humoral (neutralization titer and specific IgG), cellular (interleukin-4, γ-interferon, and peripheral lymphocyte proliferation), and mucosal (sIgA) immune responses were detected and evaluated. The three immunizing dosages were determined to be safe for mice and were completely eliminated 8 weeks after the first inoculation. Results of antibody and cytokine detection indicated that SL7207 (pVAX-N) could significantly induce antibody-IgG, antibody-IgA, interleukin-4, and γ-interferon, whose value was maximized on the 6th week. Results confirmed that the recombinant vaccine increased the proliferation of peripheral T lymphocyte. In conclusion, the oral vaccine was developed successfully, and the vaccine could significantly induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease and Microarray, Laboratory of Zoonosis and Pig Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease and Microarray, Laboratory of Zoonosis and Pig Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biological Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease and Microarray, Laboratory of Zoonosis and Pig Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Sanjie Cao
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease and Microarray, Laboratory of Zoonosis and Pig Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biological Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xintian Wen
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease and Microarray, Laboratory of Zoonosis and Pig Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biological Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yiping Wen
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease and Microarray, Laboratory of Zoonosis and Pig Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biological Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease and Microarray, Laboratory of Zoonosis and Pig Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biological Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Entao Liang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease and Microarray, Laboratory of Zoonosis and Pig Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
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17
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Suo S, Wang X, Zarlenga D, Bu RE, Ren Y, Ren X. Phage display for identifying peptides that bind the spike protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and possess diagnostic potential. Virus Genes 2015; 51:51-6. [PMID: 26013256 PMCID: PMC7089269 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-015-1208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The spike (S) protein of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is located within the viral envelope and is the only structural protein that possesses epitopes capable of inducing virus-neutralizing antibodies. Among the four N-terminal antigenic sites A, B, C, and D, site A and to a lesser extent site D (S-AD) induce key neutralizing antibodies. Recently, we expressed S-AD (rS-AD) in recombinant form. In the current study, we used the rS-AD as an immobilized target to identify peptides from a phage-display library with application for diagnosis. Among the 9 phages selected that specifically bound to rS-AD, the phage bearing the peptide TLNMHLFPFHTG bound with the highest affinity and was subsequently used to develop a phage-based ELISA for TGEV. When compared with conventional antibody-based ELISA, phage-mediated ELISA was more sensitive; however, it did not perform better than semi-quantitative RT-PCR, though phage-mediated ELISA was quicker and easier to set up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqingaowa Suo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China,
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18
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Wang C, Gu C, Guo D, Gao J, Li C, Liu N, Geng Y, Su M, Wang X, Sun D. Preparation of monoclonal antibodies against bovine haptoglobin. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2014; 33:350-3. [PMID: 25358005 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2014.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Female, 8-week-old BALB/c mice were immunized with purified recombinant proteins of the predicted immunodominant region of bovine haptoglobin (pirBoHp). Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), named 1B3 and 6D6, were prepared by conventional B lymphocyte hybridoma technique. Titers of ascitic fluid and cell culture supernatant of MAb 1B3 were 1:9.6 × 10(8) and 1:8.2 × 10(4), respectively, and that of MAb 6D6 were 1:4.4 × 10(5) and 1:1.0 × 10(4), respectively. The subtype of MAbs 1B3 and 6D6 was IgG1κ. In Western blot analysis, MAbs 1B3 and 6D6 could recognize the α-chain of native BoHp from plasma of dairy cows. These data indicated that MAbs 1B3 and 6D6 have a potential use for developing diagnostic reagents of BoHp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Daqing, P.R. China
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19
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Lv X, Wang P, Bai R, Cong Y, Suo S, Ren X, Chen C. Inhibitory effect of silver nanomaterials on transmissible virus-induced host cell infections. Biomaterials 2014; 35:4195-203. [PMID: 24524838 PMCID: PMC7112386 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Coronaviruses belong to the family Coronaviridae, which primarily cause infection of the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of hosts. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is an economically significant coronavirus that can cause severe diarrhea in pigs. Silver nanomaterials (Ag NMs) have attracted great interests in recent years due to their excellent anti-microorganism properties. Herein, four representative Ag NMs including spherical Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs, NM-300), two kinds of silver nanowires (XFJ011) and silver colloids (XFJ04) were selected to study their inhibitory effect on TGEV-induced host cell infection in vitro. Ag NPs were uniformly distributed, with particle sizes less than 20 nm by characterization of environmental scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. Two types of silver nanowires were 60 nm and 400 nm in diameter, respectively. The average diameter of the silver colloids was approximately 10 nm. TGEV infection induced the occurring of apoptosis in swine testicle (ST) cells, down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, up-regulated the expression of Bax, altered mitochondrial membrane potential, activated p38 MAPK signal pathway, and increased expression of p53 as evidenced by immunofluorescence assays, real-time PCR, flow cytometry and Western blot. Under non-toxic concentrations, Ag NPs and silver nanowires significantly diminished the infectivity of TGEV in ST cells. Moreover, further results showed that Ag NPs and silver nanowires decreased the number of apoptotic cells induced by TGEV through regulating p38/mitochondria-caspase-3 signaling pathway. Our data indicate that Ag NMs are effective in prevention of TGEV-mediated cell infection as a virucidal agent or as an inhibitor of viral entry and the present findings may provide new insights into antiviral therapy of coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Lv
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Ru Bai
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Yingying Cong
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Siqingaowa Suo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Chunying Chen
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China.
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