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Animal venoms as a source of antiviral peptides active against arboviruses: a systematic review. Arch Virol 2022; 167:1763-1772. [PMID: 35723756 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05494-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), such as Zika virus (ZIKV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV), yellow fever virus (YFV), and West Nile virus (WNV), are pathogens of global importance. Therefore, there has been an increasing need for new drugs for the treatment of these viral infections. In this context, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) obtained from animal venoms stand out as promising compounds because they exhibit strong antiviral activity against emerging arboviral pathogens. Thus, we systematically searched and critically analyzed in vitro and in vivo studies that evaluated the anti-arbovirus effect of peptide derivatives from toxins produced by vertebrates and invertebrates. Thirteen studies that evaluated the antiviral action of 10 peptides against arboviruses were included in this review. The peptides were derived from the venom of scorpions, spiders, wasps, snakes, sea snails, and frogs and were tested against DENV, ZIKV, YFV, WNV, and CHIKV. Despite the high structural variety of the peptides included in this study, their antiviral activity appears to be associated with the presence of positive charges, an excess of basic amino acids (mainly lysine), and a high isoelectric point (above 8). These peptides use different antiviral mechanisms, the most common of which is the inhibition of viral replication, release, entry, or fusion. Moreover, peptides with virucidal and cytoprotective (pre-treatment) effects were also identified. In conclusion, animal-venom-derived peptides stand out as a promising alternative in the search and development of prototype antivirals against arboviruses.
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Citores L, Iglesias R, Ferreras JM. Antiviral Activity of Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:80. [PMID: 33499086 PMCID: PMC7912582 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are rRNA N-glycosylases from plants (EC 3.2.2.22) that inactivate ribosomes thus inhibiting protein synthesis. The antiviral properties of RIPs have been investigated for more than four decades. However, interest in these proteins is rising due to the emergence of infectious diseases caused by new viruses and the difficulty in treating viral infections. On the other hand, there is a growing need to control crop diseases without resorting to the use of phytosanitary products which are very harmful to the environment and in this respect, RIPs have been shown as a promising tool that can be used to obtain transgenic plants resistant to viruses. The way in which RIPs exert their antiviral effect continues to be the subject of intense research and several mechanisms of action have been proposed. The purpose of this review is to examine the research studies that deal with this matter, placing special emphasis on the most recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José M. Ferreras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain; (L.C.); (R.I.)
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An Antiviral Peptide from Alopecosa nagpag Spider Targets NS2B-NS3 Protease of Flaviviruses. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11100584. [PMID: 31658707 PMCID: PMC6832551 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11100584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses predominantly transmitted by the widely distributed Aedes mosquitoes in nature. As important human pathogens, the geographic reach of Flaviviruses and their threats to public health are increasing, but there is currently no approved specific drug for treatment. In recent years, the development of peptide antivirals has gained much attention. Natural host defense peptides which uniquely evolved to protect the hosts have been shown to have antiviral properties. In this study, we firstly collected the venom of the Alopecosa nagpag spider from Shangri-La County, Yunnan Province. A defense peptide named Av-LCTX-An1a (Antiviral-Lycotoxin-An1a) was identified from the spider venom, and its anti-dengue serotype-2 virus (DENV2) activity was verified in vitro. Moreover, a real-time fluorescence-based protease inhibition assay showed that An1a functions as a DENV2 NS2B-NS3 protease inhibitor. Furthermore, we also found that An1a restricts zika virus (ZIKV) infection by inhibiting the ZIKV NS2B-NS3 protease. Together, our findings not only demonstrate that An1a might be a candidate for anti-flavivirus drug but also indicate that spider venom is a potential resource library rich in antiviral precursor molecules.
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Rothan HA, Zhong Y, Sanborn MA, Teoh TC, Ruan J, Yusof R, Hang J, Henderson MJ, Fang S. Small molecule grp94 inhibitors block dengue and Zika virus replication. Antiviral Res 2019; 171:104590. [PMID: 31421166 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two major flaviviruses, dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), cause severe health and economic burdens worldwide. Recently, genome-wide screenings have uncovered the importance of regulators of the Hrd1 ubiquitin ligase-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway for flavivirus replication in host cells. Here we report the identification of the compound Bardoxolone methyl (CDDO-me) as a potent inhibitor of the Hrd1 ubiquitin ligase-mediated ERAD, which possesses a broad-spectrum activity against both DENV and ZIKV. Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) suggested that CDDO-me binds to grp94, a key component of the Hrd1 pathway, at a low nanomolar concentration, whereas interaction was not detected with its paralog Hsp90. CDDO-me and the grp94 inhibitor PU-WS13 substantially suppressed DENV2 replication and the cytopathic effects caused by DENV and ZIKV infection. The antiviral activities of both compounds were demonstrated for all four DENV serotypes and four ZIKV strains in multiple human cell lines. This study defines grp94 as a crucial host factor for flavivirus replication and identified CDDO-me as a potent small molecule inhibitor of flavivirus infection. Inhibition of grp94 may contribute to the antiviral activity of CDDO-me. Further investigation of grp94 inhibitors may lead to a new class of broad-spectrum anti-flaviviral medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussin A Rothan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yongwang Zhong
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Mark A Sanborn
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Teow Chong Teoh
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jingjing Ruan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Rohana Yusof
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jun Hang
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Mark J Henderson
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Shengyun Fang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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A small molecule inhibitor of ER-to-cytosol protein dislocation exhibits anti-dengue and anti-Zika virus activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10901. [PMID: 31358863 PMCID: PMC6662757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with flaviviruses, such as dengue virus (DENV) and the recently re-emerging Zika virus (ZIKV), represents an increasing global risk. Targeting essential host elements required for flavivirus replication represents an attractive approach for the discovery of antiviral agents. Previous studies have identified several components of the Hrd1 ubiquitin ligase-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, a cellular protein quality control process, as host factors crucial for DENV and ZIKV replication. Here, we report that CP26, a small molecule inhibitor of protein dislocation from the ER lumen to the cytosol, which is an essential step for ERAD, has broad-spectrum anti-flavivirus activity. CP26 targets the Hrd1 complex, inhibits ERAD, and induces ER stress. Ricin and cholera toxins are known to hijack the protein dislocation machinery to reach the cytosol, where they exert their cytotoxic effects. CP26 selectively inhibits the activity of cholera toxin but not that of ricin. CP26 exhibits a significant inhibitory activity against both DENV and ZIKV, providing substantial protection to the host cells against virus-induced cell death. This study identified a novel dislocation inhibitor, CP26, that shows potent anti-DENV and anti-ZIKV activity in cells. Furthermore, this study provides the first example of the targeting of host ER dislocation with small molecules to combat flavivirus infection.
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Seyfi R, Babaeipour V, Mofid MR, Kahaki FA. Expression and production of recombinant scorpine as a potassium channel blocker protein in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 66:119-129. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roghayyeh Seyfi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Malek Ashtar University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Valiollah Babaeipour
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Malek Ashtar University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mofid
- Department of Biochemistry; Bioinformatics Research Center; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abarghooi Kahaki
- Department of Biotechnology; School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Hassan Y, Ogg S, Ge H. Expression of novel fusion antiviral proteins ricin a chain-pokeweed antiviral proteins (RTA-PAPs) in Escherichia coli and their inhibition of protein synthesis and of hepatitis B virus in vitro. BMC Biotechnol 2018; 18:47. [PMID: 30081895 PMCID: PMC6080542 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-018-0458-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ricin A chain (RTA) and Pokeweed antiviral proteins (PAPs) are plant-derived N-glycosidase ribosomal-inactivating proteins (RIPs) isolated from Ricinus communis and Phytolacca Americana respectively. This study was to investigate the potential production amenability and sub-toxic antiviral value of novel fusion proteins between RTA and PAPs (RTA-PAPs). In brief, RTA-Pokeweed antiviral protein isoform 1 from seeds (RTA-PAPS1) was produced in an E. coli in vivo expression system, purified from inclusion bodies using gel filtration chromatography and protein synthesis inhibitory activity assayed by comparison to the production of a control protein Luciferase. The antiviral activity of the RTA-PAPS1 against Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in HepAD38 cells was then determined using a dose response assay by quantifying supernatant HBV DNA compared to control virus infected HepAD38 cells. The cytotoxicity in HepAD38 cells was determined by measuring cell viability using a tetrazolium dye uptake assay. The fusion protein was further optimized using in silico tools, produced in an E. coli in vivo expression system, purified by a three-step process from soluble lysate and confirmed in a protein synthesis inhibition activity assay. RESULTS Results showed that RTA-PAPS1 could effectively be recovered and purified from inclusion bodies. The refolded protein was bioactive with a 50% protein synthesis inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.06 nM (3.63 ng/ml). The results also showed that RTA-PAPS1 had a synergetic activity against HBV with a half-maximal response concentration value (EC50) of 0.03 nM (1.82 ng/ml) and a therapeutic index of > 21,818 with noticeable steric hindrance. Results also showed that the optimized protein ricin A chain mutant-Pokeweed antiviral protein isoform 1 from leaves (RTAM-PAP1) could be recovered and purified from soluble lysates with gain of function on protein synthesis inhibition activity, with an IC50 of 0.03 nM (1.82 ng/ml), and with minimal, if any, steric hindrance. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results demonstrate that RTA-PAPs are amenable to effective production and purification in native form, possess significant gain of function on protein synthesis inhibition and anti-HBV activities in vitro with a high therapeutic index and, thus, merit further development as potential potent antiviral agents against chronic HBV infection to be used as a standalone or in combination with existent therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Hassan
- Ophiuchus Medicine Inc., 1800 - 510 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, BC V6B 0M3 Canada
| | - Sherry Ogg
- Johns Hopkins University, AAP, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Hui Ge
- AscentGene Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA
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Akef HM. Anticancer, antimicrobial, and analgesic activities of spider venoms. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:381-395. [PMID: 30090588 PMCID: PMC6060684 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00022k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spider venoms are complex mixtures composed of a variety of compounds, including salts, small organic molecules, peptides, and proteins. But, the venom of a few species is dangerous to humans. High levels of chemical diversity make spider venoms attractive subjects for chemical prospecting. Many spider venom components show potential activity against a wide range of human diseases. However, the development of novel venom-derived therapeutics requires an understanding of their mechanisms of action. This review will highlight the structures, activities and the possible mechanisms of action of spider venoms and their components against cancer, microbial infections, and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M Akef
- National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals (NORCB) , Giza , Egypt . ; ; Tel: +20-2-37480478
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Pinheiro AM, Carreira A, Ferreira RB, Monteiro S. Fusion proteins towards fungi and bacteria in plant protection. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2018; 164:11-19. [PMID: 29239714 PMCID: PMC5892777 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In agriculture, although fungi are considered the foremost problem, infections by bacteria also cause significant economical losses. The presence of different diseases in crops often leads to a misuse of the proper therapeutic, or the combination of different diseases forces the use of more than one pesticide. This work concerns the development of a 'super-Blad': a chimeric protein consisting of Blad polypeptide, the active ingredient of a biological fungicide already on the market, and two selected peptides, SP10-5 and Sub5, proven to possess biological potential as antibacterial agents. The resulting chimeric protein obtained from the fusion of Blad with SP10-5 not only maintained strong antibacterial activity, especially against Xanthomonas spp. and Pseudomonas syringae, but was also able to retain the ability to inhibit the growth of both yeast and filamentous fungi. However, the antibacterial activity of Sub5 was considerably diminished when fused with Blad, which seems to indicate that not all fusion proteins behave equally. These newly designed drugs can be considered promising compounds for use in plant protection. A deeper and focused development of an appropriate formulation may result in a potent biopesticide that can replace, per se, two conventional chemistries with less impact on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Pinheiro
- LEAF – Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Carreira
- CEV, SA, Parque Industrial de Cantanhede/Biocant-Park, lote 120, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ricardo B. Ferreira
- LEAF – Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Monteiro
- LEAF – Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- CEV, SA, Parque Industrial de Cantanhede/Biocant-Park, lote 120, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
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Abstract
Beginning in 2004, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) went from an endemic pathogen limited to Africa and Asia that caused periodic outbreaks to a global pathogen. Given that outbreaks caused by CHIKV have continued and expanded, serious consideration must be given to identifying potential options for vaccines and therapeutics. Currently, there are no licensed products in this realm, and control relies completely on the use of personal protective measures and integrated vector control, which are only minimally effective. Therefore, it is prudent to urgently examine further possibilities for control. Vaccines have been shown to be highly effective against vector-borne diseases. However, as CHIKV is known to rapidly spread and generate high attack rates, therapeutics would also be highly valuable. Several candidates are currently being developed; this review describes the multiple options under consideration for future development and assesses their relative advantages and disadvantages.
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Rothan HA, Ambikabothy J, Ramasamy TS, Rashid NN, Yusof R. A Preliminary Study in Search of Potential Peptide Candidates for a Combinational Therapy with Cancer Chemotherapy Drug. Int J Pept Res Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-017-9646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Biological and antipathogenic activities of ribosome-inactivating proteins from Phytolacca dioica L. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1256-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Rothan HA, Ambikabothy J, Abdulrahman AY, Bahrani H, Golpich M, Amini E, A. Rahman N, Teoh TC, Mohamed Z, Yusof R. Scalable Production of Recombinant Membrane Active Peptides and Its Potential as a Complementary Adjunct to Conventional Chemotherapeutics. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139248. [PMID: 26418816 PMCID: PMC4587966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of short anticancer peptides in recombinant form is an alternative method for costly chemical manufacturing. However, the limitations of host toxicity, bioactivity and column purification have impaired production in mass quantities. In this study, short cationic peptides were produced in aggregated inclusion bodies by double fusion with a central protein that has anti-cancer activity. The anticancer peptides Tachiplicin I (TACH) and Latarcin 1 (LATA) were fused with the N- and C-terminus of the MAP30 protein, respectively. We successfully produced the recombinant TACH-MAP30-LATA protein and MAP30 alone in E. coli that represented 59% and 68% of the inclusion bodies. The purified form of the inclusion bodies was prepared by eliminating host cell proteins through multiple washing steps and semi-solubilization in alkaline buffer. The purified active protein was recovered by inclusive solubilization at pH 12.5 in the presence of 2 M urea and refolded in alkaline buffer containing oxides and reduced glutathione. The peptide-fusion protein showed lower CC50 values against cancer cells (HepG2, 0.35±0.1 μM and MCF-7, 0.58±0.1 μM) compared with normal cells (WRL68, 1.83±0.2 μM and ARPE19, 2.5±0.1 μM) with outstanding activity compared with its individual components. The presence of the short peptides facilitated the entry of the peptide fusion protein into cancer cells (1.8 to 2.2-fold) compared with MAP30 alone through direct interaction with the cell membrane. The cancer chemotherapy agent doxorubicin showed higher efficiency and selectivity against cancer cells in combination with the peptide- fusion protein. This study provides new data on the mass production of short anticancer peptides as inclusion bodies in E. coli by fusion with a central protein that has similar activity. The product was biologically active against cancer cells compared with normal cells and enhanced the activity and selective delivery of an anticancer chemotherapy agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussin A. Rothan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Jamunaa Ambikabothy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ammar Y. Abdulrahman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hirbod Bahrani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mojtaba Golpich
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre of University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elham Amini
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre of University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noorsaadah A. Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teow Chong Teoh
- Institute of biological sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zulqarnain Mohamed
- Institute of biological sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohana Yusof
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Salazar-González JA, Angulo C, Rosales-Mendoza S. Chikungunya virus vaccines: Current strategies and prospects for developing plant-made vaccines. Vaccine 2015; 33:3650-8. [PMID: 26073010 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.05.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus is an emerging pathogen initially found in East Africa and currently spread into the Indian Ocean Islands, many regions of South East Asia, and in the Americas. No licensed vaccines against this eminent pathogen are available and thus intensive research in this field is a priority. This review presents the current scenario on the developments of Chikungunya virus vaccines and identifies the use of genetic engineered plants to develop attractive vaccines. The possible avenues to develop plant-made vaccines with distinct antigenic designs and expression modalities are identified and discussed considering current trends in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Salazar-González
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, SLP, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Grupo de Inmunología y Vacunología, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, SC., Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., C.P. 23096 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, SLP, Mexico.
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